Skeletal System Flashcards
Learn about the make up of the skeletal system, different types of joints, their names and functions
Three types of connective tissue are…
Tendons - connect bone to muscle
Ligaments - found between articulating bones
Cartilage - coats ends of bones inside joint to reduce friction during movement
What four types of bones are there?
Long - arms, legs etc.
Short - support and stability
Flat - red blood cells
Irregular - vertebrae
Osteoblasts vs. osteoclasts
Blasts - bone builders, take minerals and use them to secrete new boney matrix
Clasts - smooth out matrix
Why is weighbearing exercise hood for bone health?
It stimulates the production of more matrix, strengthening the bone
Name 3 types of joints
Fibrous - no movement, tough, dense, teeth, cranium etc.
Cartilaginous - allow for limited movement, between costals / sternum, intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis
Synovial - free range of motion, shoulder elbow wrist Etc, cavity filled with fluid
What are the six types of synovial joints?
Hinge - simple open and closed movements, elbow / knee
Pivot - movement around access, ulna / radius
Ball and socket - ball sitting in cup, movement on all three planes, shoulders / hips
Condyloid - oval shaped ball and socket, forward backward and side-to-side movement, Motion in two planes: midsagittal and frontal, skull / cervical vertebrae
Gliding - gliding movements in all directions, disks between vertebrae
Saddle - saddles interlocked and perpendicular, movement in frontal and sagittal planes, carpal bones of thumb
What is the glenohumeral joint?
Ball-and-socket, between scapula and humerus
What are intervertebral joints?
Cartilaginous, between vertebrae
Vertebrocostal joints
Synovial between vertebral bones and ribs
Sternocostal joint
Cartilaginous, between sternum and ribs
Sternoclavicular joint
Saddle, between sternum and clavicle
Acromioclavicular joint
Gliding, between cromium and clavicle
Humeroulnar joint
Hinged, between humerus and ulna
Radioulnar joint
Pivot, between radius and ulna as a
Radiocarpal joint
Condyloid, between radius and carpals
Intercarpal joint
Gliding, between each of the carpal bones
Sacroiliac joint
Gliding, between sacrum and Ilium
Tibiofibular joint (proximal)
Gliding, head of tibia and fibula
Tibiofibular joint (distal)
Fibrous, between tibia and fibula at ankle
Intertarsal joint
Gliding, seven types in tarsal of foot
Pubic symphysis joint
Cartilaginous, between pubic bones and pelvis
Hip joint
Ball-and-socket, between acetabulum of pelvis and head of femur
Knee joint
Hinge, between femur and tibia
Ankle joint
Hinge, between tibia and Talus
