Skeletal System Flashcards
Cervical Vertebrae
7-Found in the neck, first 2 found in atlas
Thoracic Vertebrae
18- form the dorsal boundary of the thoracic cavity
Lumbar Vertebrae
5-7 normally 6- located in the loin area
Sacral vertebrae
5- found near the root of the tail
Coccygeal or caudal vertebrae
15-20 towards the end of the tail ( is the tail)
Ribs
Horse has 18 ribs
Scapula
Shoulder plate, connects to the humerus
Scapula spine
Divides scapula down the middle, allowing for muscle placement
Humerus
Connects with scapula, radius and ulna forming the shoulder and elbow joint
Radius and ulna
Fused bones connecting to the humerus to form the elbow joint
Carpus
Knee joint made up of 8 small bones arranged in two bows
Metacarpals
3 bones in horses located either side of the cannon bone
In front legs
Phalanges
Pedal bones, horses bear weight on digit 3, make up the proximal, middle and distal
Fetlock Joint
Metacarpophalangeal joint- between the canon bone and long pattern. Encapsulated within the hoof
Pastern Joint
Between the long and short pastern
Coffin Joint
Between short pastern and the pedal bone
Sesamoids
3 sesamoid bones in the lower leg
sacral tuber
Top crest of hip bone/joint
Coxal Tuber
Forms the hip point nearest the pelvic attachment
Hip Bone
Forms near the head of the femur
Patella
Forms the kneecap, runs over the stifle joint between the femur and tibia
Stifle joint
Formed by the distal femur, proximal tibia and patella
Tibia and fibula
Runs down diagonally from femur to hock larger of two bones
Calcaneous
Pointed crest near fib and tub
Talus
A part of the hock and is the neighbor to the calcaneus
Central, third and fourth tarsal
Make up the row of bones separating the calcaneous and metarsal IV (Lateral splint bone)and Metatarsal III (cannon bone)
Metatarsal III ( cannon bone) and Metatarsal IV (Lat. splint bone)
Located above the sesamoid bones and Phalanges (hoof)
Proximal Sesamoid Bones
Located above the distal phalanges (hoof)
Proximal, Middle and distal phalanges
Make up the tow bones and hoof
