Skeletal System Flashcards
5 Functions
- Framework for body
- Support & protection for internal organs
- Body movement
- Calcium required for nerve & muscle function
- Helps produce red bone marrow
Structure of bones
- Form of connective tissue
2. Second hardest tissue in the body
Long bone: Periosteum
Outermost covering of the bone
Long bone: Compact bone
Forms protective outer layer of bone
Long bone: Medullary cavity
Central cavity located in long bone, red & yellow bone marrow stored here
Long bone: Endosteum
Lines the medullary cavity
Diaphysis
Shaft of a long bone
Epiphysis
Wider ends of long bones
Foramen
Opening in a bone through which vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass
Process
Projection of a bone
Joints: Fibrous
- Inflexible layers of tissue
- Holds bones tightly together
- Also known as sutures
Fontanelle
“soft spots”
Joints: Cartilaginous
- Allows slight movement
- Where ribs connect to sternum
Joints: Synovial
- Created where 2 bones articulate
- Permits a variety of movement
- Ball and socket (shoulders, hips)
- Hinge (knee, elbows)
Axial Skeleton: # of bones
80 bones
Axial Skeleton: Structures
- Skull
- Thoracic cage
- Sternum
- Vertebral column
Axial Skeleton: Function
-Protects the major organs of the nervous, circulatory, and respiratory systems.
Thoracic cage
- Thoracic cavity
- Ribs: 7 true, 5 fake
- Sternum- manubrium, body, xiphoid process
Appendicular Skeleton: # of bones
126 bones
Appendicular Skeleton: Structures
- Upper appendages: shoulders, arms, wrists, & hands
- Lower appendages: hips, legs, knees, ankles, feet
Appendicular Skeleton: Functions
-Makes body movements possible, protects organs of digestion, excretions, & reproductions
