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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY > SKELETAL SYSTEM > Flashcards

SKELETAL SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

A type of bone that has a long, thin shape and is longer than they are wide.

A

Long bone

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2
Q

A type of bone that is relatively thin, flattened shape and is usually curved.

A

Flat bone

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3
Q

A type of bone that has a shape that does not conform to the other types of bone.

A

Irregular bone

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4
Q

A type of bone that has a squat, cubed shape and about as wide as they are long.

A

Short bone

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5
Q

What is the tubular shaft that forms the axis of long bone?

A

Diaphysis

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6
Q

It is the expanded ends of long bones.

A

Epiphyses

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7
Q

It is the site of bone growth in length.

A

Epiphyseal plate

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8
Q

It separates the diaphysis from the epiphyses.

A

Epiphyseal line

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9
Q

The delicate membrane covering internal surfaces of bone.

A

Endosteum

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10
Q

What is the double layer of protective membrane covering the outer surface of bone?

A

Periosteum

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11
Q

How many pairs of ribs are attached to the thoracic vertebrae?

A

12 pairs of ribs

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12
Q

It articulates with the humerus and the clavicle.

A

Scapula

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13
Q

It holds the shoulder away from the body and allows movement of the scapula, resulting in free movement of the arm.

A

Clavicle

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14
Q

What is it called when a bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage?

A

Endochondral ossification

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15
Q

What is it called when a bone develops from a fibrous membrane?

A

Intramembranous ossification

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16
Q

Osteoblasts produce bone matrix and become?

A

Osteocytes

17
Q

What cells are responsible for the breakdown of bone tissue?

A

Osteoclasts

18
Q

What is the major storage site for calcium?

A

Bone

19
Q

What is the major regulator of blood calcium?

A

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

20
Q

What are the two hormones that regulate calcium levels in the blood?

A

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and Calcitonin

21
Q

What are the types of joints?

A

Fibrous joints, Cartilaginous joints, & Synovial joints

22
Q

What is the type of fibrous joint that involve interdigitating bones?

A

Sutures

23
Q

Are joints in which bones are joined by hyaline cartilage.

A

Synchondroses

24
Q

Are slightly movable joints made by fibrocartilage.

A

Symphyses

25
Q

The type of joints that are capable of considerable movement.

A

Synovial joints

26
Q

What is the membrane that produces synovial fluid that lubricates the joint?

A

Synovial membrane

27
Q

It is the ball-and-socket joint between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula.

A

Shoulder joint

28
Q

It is the compund hinge joints between the humerus, ulna and radius

A

Elbow joint

29
Q

It is the ball-and-socket joint between head of the femur and acetabulum of the coxal bone.

A

Hip joint

30
Q

It is the complex ellipsoid joint between the femur and the tibia that is supported by many ligaments.

A

Knee joint

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY (2 decks)

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