Skeletal System Flashcards
How many bones are in the human body
206
What are The functions of the skeleton?
Shape and support
Protection
Movement
Blood Production
How does the skeleton aid in blood production?
Bones make blood cells in the marrow cavity and spongy bone.
What is the difference between joints, bones and ligaments?
Bones: Form the structure of the body.
Joints: Allow movement where bones meet.
Ligaments: Stabilize and hold joints together by connecting bones.
What are the 4 types of bones?
Long bones
Short bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones
What is the function of long bones?
They allow for a large range of movement.
The smaller long bones eg. Phalanges allow you to perform delicate movement.
What is the function of short bones?
Provide movement where it is needed in lots of directions. (Also give strength)
What is the function of flat bones?
They protect delicate organs and give a big surface area for muscle attachment.
What is the function of irregular bones?
They protect and provide support
What are the most important nutrients for bone growth?
Proteins (build and repair)
Vitamins ( Vitamin D)
Minerals (calcium)
What are bone cells that make new bone called?
Osteoblasts
What are bone cells that break down bone called?
Osteoclasts
What is osteoporosis?
A condition where bones get weak and break easily
How many bones make up the vertebral column?
33
What are the 5 sections of the back bone?
Cervical. cute
Thoracic. teddies
Lumbar. love
Sacrum some
Coccyx cuddles
How many pieces are there in each?
Cervical 7
Thoracic 12
Lumbar. 5
Sacrum 5
Coccyx 4
What are the functions of the spine?
Supports half the weight of our body and allows us to stand upright.
Why does the spine allow for so much movement?
Between each vertebra there is a disc of cartilage. When you bend there is a small amount of movement between each one. Because there are so many all together they allow for a lot of movement
3 types of joints
Fixed or immoveable
Slightly moveable
Freely Movable
Give an example of each
Fixed or immovable (joints between the plates in your cranium)
Slightly moveable (joints between vertebrae)
Freely moveable (knee joint)
What is synovial fluid
Synovial fluid is a thick, slippery liquid found in synovial joints like the knees and hips. It lubricates the joints to reduce friction, absorbs shocks, and helps the joints move smoothly.
What are ligaments and tendons
Tendons attach muscle to bone
Ligaments attach bones to bone
What are the parts of a freely moveable joint?
Outer sleeve/joint capsule (holds bones together)
Synovial membrane (lines the capsule with synovial fluid)
Joint cavity (small gap between bones filled with synovial fluid.
Cartilage (stops bones from knocking together)
Ligaments (hold bones together)
What are the 2 types of injury that can damage joints
Impact and wear and tear
