Skeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
Function: Provides framework for body
A
Support
2
Q
protects the brain, eyes, and middle ears
A
Skull
3
Q
protects spinal cord
A
Vertebrae
4
Q
protect knee and elbow respectively
A
patella and ulna
5
Q
protect wrist and ankle respectively
A
carpals and tarsals
6
Q
formation of blood cellular components
A
Haemotopoiesis
7
Q
location of blood cell production
A
red bone marrow
8
Q
hormone which contributes to regulation of blood sugar
A
osteocalcin
9
Q
mixture that comprosises of 70% of a bone
A
Chondroitin sulfate, hydoxyapatite
10
Q
skeleton of soft bodied invertebrates
A
hydraulic skeleton
11
Q
external to soft parts of the skeleton; rigid casings made of chitin
A
Exoskeleton
12
Q
found in regions of the arthropod’s body
A
Exoskeleton
13
Q
found deep within the body; found in vertebrates and echinoderms to which muscles are attached
A
Endoskeleton
14
Q
Unspecialized cells derived from the mesenchyme
A
Osteoprogenator
15
Q
the tissue from which all connective tissues are derived
A
mesenchyme
16
Q
location of the osteoprogenator
A
inner portion of the periosteum, endosteum, and in canals
17
Q
cells that form bone but have lost their ability to divide by mitosis
A
osteoblasts
18
Q
secretes collagen and organic components needed to build bone
A
osteoblasts
19
Q
principal tissues of bones; do not secrete matrix material; no mitotic potential
A
Osteocytes
20
Q
location of osteocyte
A
surface of the bones
21
Q
developed from circulating monocytes
A
osteoclasts
22
Q
destruction of matrix
A
resorption
23
Q
external layer of bones; bulk of diaphyses of long bones
A
compact bone
24
Q
bone that has a concentric ring structure
A
compact bone
25
bone that has a lattice work structure
spongy bone
26
bone with spaces between trabeculae; usually filled with bone marrow
spongy bone
27
bones found in the hipbones, ribs, breastbones, backbones, skull, and ends of long bones
spongy bone
28
crystallized form of tricalcium phosphate
hydroxyapatite
29
how many percent of the total body weight of the body is the skeleton
14%
30
how many bones are there in adult
206
31
how many bones are there in child
300
32
the division of skeletal system consisting of skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum
axial
33
division consisting of limb bones and girdles
appendicular
34
the division that Transmits the weight from the head, the trunk, and the upper extemities down to the lower extremities
axial
35
number of bones in the axial skeleton
80
36
number of bones in the skull
29
37
number of ossicles
3
38
number of pairs of bones in the rib cage
12
39
number of bones in the vertebral column
26
40
houses and protects the brain
Cranium
41
front part of skull above eyes; forehead and roof of eye sockets; developed as two parts and fused by age 5 and 6
Frontal
42
behind frontal bone; greater part of the right and left sides of the roof of skull
Parietal
43
sides of the base of skull; fan shaped; have depressions called glenoid fossa
Temporal
44
depressions in the temporal bone
Glenoid fossa
45
back part of the skull; joins with the parietal and temporal bones
Occipital
46
large hole in the inferior part of skull
Foramen Magnum
47
spongelike bones in the anterior part of cranial floor between orbits
Ethmoid bones
48
bones anterior to sphenoid and posterior to nasal
Ethmoid bones
49
depression which cradles the pituitary gland
Sella Turcica
50
called the keystone cranial floor; articulates with all the cranial bones; resembles bat with outstretched wings
Sphenoid Bones
51
THE PEST OF 6
Parietal Ethmoid Sphenoid Temporal Occipital Frontal
52
the upper jaw
maxilla
53
the lower jaw
mandible
54
group of bones that are for facial muscle attachment and constitute the frame work of the face
Facial Bones
55
(2) bones that unite to form the upper jaw; form part of the floors of the orbits and lateral to walls and floor of nasal cavity
Nasal Bones
56
(2) bones that meet at hte middle and superior part of the face; major portion of nose
Nasal bones
57
(2) L-shaped bones; form the posterior portion of the hard palate and the lateral wall of the nasal cavity
Palatine bones
58
smallest bone of the face and posterior and lateral to nasal bones; form part of median wall of each orbit
Lacrimal bones
59
(2) bones that are called cheek bones, form prominences of the cheek and part of the lateral wall and floor of each orbit
Zygomatic Bones
60
called the lower jaw, and strongest bone of the face
Mandible bones
61
holds lower teeth in place
Mandible bones
62
the only movable skull bone
Mandible boness
63
Unpaired (1) facial bone; forms inferior and posterior part of the nasal septum
Vomer bones
64
(2) bones that promote turbulent circulation and filtiration of the air before it passes to the lungs
INferior nasal conchae bones
65
bones that are suspended by the temportal bones by the muscles and ligaments
Hyoid bones
66
located in the neck between mandible and larynx
Hyoid bones
67
a bone that supports the tongue and provides attachment of for muscles of hte neck and pharynx
Hyoid Bones
68
boneslocated in the middle ear
Ear ossicles
69
pyramid shaped-space which contains eyeball;
orbits
70
how many bones form around the orbit
7
71
bones are joined together by these seams; immovable and permit a small amount of movement for mechincal protection for the brain by absorbing much of the force if the blow to the head occurs
Sutures
72
Membrane-filled spaces found during birth
Fontanels
73
Functions of a fontanel
enable skull to modify its size and shape; permits rapid growth of brain during infancy; helps physician gauge the degree of brain development
74
Regions of the human vertebra
Cervical; Thoracic; Lumbar; Sacral; coccygeal
75
triangular bone formed by the union of five sacral vertebrae; serves as a strong foundation for the pelvic girdle
sacrum
76
Entire chest
Thorax
77
2 major parts of the thorax
Sternum and Ribs
78
To where the respiratroy muscles are attached
The Thorax
79
Bones from 1-6
True Ribs
80
Bones from 7-10
False Ribs
81
Bones from 7-11? (not sure)
Floating Ribs
82
How many bones are there in the appendicular skeleton
126
83
Why is there a great motion in the appendicular skeleleton
the bones are unfused
84
called the collar bone
clavicle
85
called the shoulder blade
scapula
86
how many carpals are there
8
87
number of metacarpals
5
88
number of digits
14
89
the sole bone of the arm and the longest of the upper limb
humerus
90
the two bones distal to the humerus
radius and ulna
91
the longer of the two bones of the forearm
Ulna
92
the bone that lies on the lateral thumb side
Radius
93
the bone that attaches itself to the lower limbs, transmits the weight of the upper body to the lowerlimbs and supports the visceral organs of the pelvic cavity
Pelvic girdle
94
the cavity that articulates with the femur
Acetabulum
95
3 pairs of separate bones IN THE PELVIC GIRDLE
ILIUM, ISCHIUM, AND PUBIS
96
the bones in the pelvic girdle fuse during adolescence (true or false?)
f***kin true
97
the measurement of the size of the inlet and outlet of the birth canal
Pelvimetry
98
What is the pelvic inlet in females
wide and oval-shaped
99
what is the pelvic in males
narrower and heartshaped
100
an imaginary curved line passing through the lesser pelvis at right angles
pelvic axis
101
sole bone of the thigh;
femur
102
largest bone of the body
femur
103
decreased angle; knocked knee condiion
genu valgum
104
abnormally large angle; bowleg condition
genu varum
105
The ends of both femurs are father apart from the midline of the body at the hip than at the knee, why is this so?
allows knee joint to be closer to body's center of gravity = CENTER OF BALANCE DAMN IT
106
medial bone of the knee
Tibia
107
which among the bones articulates with the femur at the knee?
Tibia
108
lateral bone of the knee
Fibula
109
lower end of the fibula; forms big lateral ankle bulge
distal malleolus/medial malleoulus
110
why is there an arch that encloses the talus?
permits free movement in one plane (up and down of the foot)
111
what are the projections of the ankle that prevent the ankle from freely moving side to side?
medial and lateral malleoli
112
how many tarsal bones are there?
7
113
how many metatarsal bones are there?
5
114
how many phalanges are there in the foot?
14
115
the term for heel
calcaneus
116
condition wherein medial longitudinal arch may decrease or fall
flatfoot
117
what causes flatfoot?
excessive weight, postural abnormalities, weakened supporting tissues, and genetic predispositioned
118
condition in which the medial longitudinal arch is abnormally elevated; may result from poliomyelitis
clawfoot
119
deformity of the great toe
bunion/hallux valgus
120
the shaft or long, main portion of a long bone
Diaphysis
121
it is made of compact tissue surrounding a central medullary cavity, containing YELLOW MARROW
Diaphysis
122
ends of the bone; thin layer of compact tissue
Epiphysis
123
Contains spongy bones and red marrow
Epiphyses
124
Region between Diaphysis and Epiphysis
Metaphyses
125
carticulate covering the epiphyses; forms a joint with another bone
Articular cartilage
126
What is the function of the cartilage?
reduces friction and absorbs shock
127
membrane found at the surface of the bone; NOT covered by articular cartilage (at the end of the bones)
Periosteum
128
what is the function of the periosteum
bone growth in diameter, repair, and nutrition
129
between diaphysis, which contain yellow fat
Medullary or Marrow cavity
130
Endosteum
lining of medullary cavity
131
portion which contains osteoprogenitor cells
Endosteum
132
classification of a bone that consists of a shaft and two expanded ends; curved for strength; absorbs the stress of the body weight
longbones
133
classification of a bone that consists ofcubelike bones that have no medullary cavity; mostly of spongy bone tissue; outer parts are made of a thin crust of compact bone tissue
short bones
134
classification of in the spine a bone that are platelike and no medullary cavity
flat bones
135
classification of bones that are weird shaped and no medullary cavity
irregular bones
136
deformity characterized by both lateral curvature and verbal rotation; forms an s or c shape
Scoliosis
137
curvature of the lower back area; swayback appearance
Lordosis
138
round-back; humpback or hunchback; found in the thoracic or thoracolumbar spine, although they can be cervical
Kyphosis
