Skeletal System

Question 1

Define Skull.

Answer 1

Frontal bone: Located at the front of the skull.

Parietal bone: Located at the sides and roof of the skull.

Temporal bone: Located at the lower sides of the skull.

Zygomatic bone: Also known as the cheekbone, located at the upper and lateral part of the face.

Maxilla: The upper jawbone.

Mandible: The lower jawbone.

Occipital bone: Located at the back and base of the skull.

Occipital protuberance: A bony bump on the back of the skull.

Question 2

Define Manubrium.

Answer 2

The manubrium is the broad upper part of the sternum with which the clavicles and first ribs articulate.

Question 3

Define Coracoid process.

Answer 3

The coracoid process is a small hook-like structure on the lateral edge of the superior anterior portion of the scapula (shoulder blade).

Question 4

Define Coracoid process.

Answer 4

The coracoid process is a small hook-like structure on the lateral edge of the superior anterior portion of the scapula (shoulder blade).

Question 5

Define Humeral head.

Answer 5

The humeral head is the ball-shaped top part of the humerus (upper arm bone) that fits into the shoulder socket.

Question 6

Define Humeral head.

Answer 6

The humeral head is the ball-shaped top part of the humerus (upper arm bone) that fits into the shoulder socket.

Question 7

Define Rib cage.

Answer 7

The rib cage is a bony structure that protects the thoracic cavity and is composed of:

Ribs (12 pairs): The bones forming the chest wall.

Costal cartilages: Cartilages that connect the ribs to the sternum.

Sternum: The breastbone located at the center of the chest.

Question 8

Define Clavicle.

Answer 8

The clavicle, or collarbone, is a long bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum.

Question 9

Define Scapula.

Answer 9

The scapula, or shoulder blade, is a flat triangular bone located in the upper back and includes:

Spine of scapula: The prominent ridge that runs across the back of the scapula.

Superior angle: The uppermost point of the scapula.

Acromion process: The bony projection on the scapula that forms the highest point of the shoulder.

Axillary border: The lateral edge of the scapula.

Vertebral border: The medial edge of the scapula.

Inferior angle: The lowest point of the scapula.

Question 10

Define Humerus.

Answer 10

The humerus is the long bone in the upper arm, extending from the shoulder to the elbow. It includes:

Greater tubercle: A large bump on the lateral side of the humerus.

Lesser tubercle: A smaller bump located on the anterior side of the humerus.

Medial epicondyle: A bony prominence on the inner side of the humerus.

Lateral epicondyle: A bony prominence on the outer side of the humerus.

Olecranon process: The bony projection of the ulna that forms the point of the elbow.

Question 11

Define Ulna.

Answer 11

The ulna is one of the two bones in the forearm, located on the side opposite to the thumb.

Question 12

Define Radius.

Answer 12

The radius is the lateral bone of the forearm, extending from the elbow to the wrist.

Question 13

Define Vertebral column.

Answer 13

The vertebral column, or spine, is the central axis of the skeleton, composed of:

Cervical vertebrae (7): The vertebrae of the neck.

Thoracic vertebrae (12): The vertebrae of the upper and mid-back.

Lumbar vertebrae (5): The vertebrae of the lower back.

Sacrum: A large, triangular bone at the base of the spine.

Coccyx: The small tailbone at the end of the vertebral column.

Question 14

Define Ilium.

Answer 14

The ilium is the large, broad bone forming the upper part of the pelvis.

Question 15

Define Pelvic girdle.

Answer 15

The pelvic girdle consists of the bones that support the attachment of the lower limbs, including:

IliumIschium: The curved bone forming the base of each half of the pelvis.

Pubis: The front portion of the pelvic bone.

Pubic symphysis: The joint where the two pubic bones meet.

Question 16

Define Femur.

Answer 16

The femur is the thigh bone, which is the longest and strongest bone in the body. It includes:

Femoral head: The ball-like top of the femur that fits into the hip socket.

Greater trochanter: A large, prominent bump on the upper side of the femur.

Lesser trochanter: A smaller bump located below the greater trochanter.

Medial femoral condyle: The inner part of the knee joint at the end of the femur.

Lateral femoral condyle: The outer part of the knee joint at the end of the femur.

Question 17

Define Patella.

Answer 17

The patella, or kneecap, is a small, triangular bone that protects the knee joint.

Question 18

Define Tibia.

Answer 18

The tibia, or shinbone, is the larger and stronger of the two bones in the lower leg. It includes:

Medial malleolus: The bony bump on the inner side of the ankle.

Tibial tuberosity: A prominence on the upper front part of the tibia.

Question 19

Define Fibula.

Answer 19

The fibula is the smaller of the two bones in the lower leg, located on the lateral side. It includes:

Lateral malleolus: The bony bump on the outer side of the ankle.

Fibular head: The upper part of the fibula.

Question 20

Define Tarsal bones.

Answer 20

The tarsal bones are a group of seven bones that make up the ankle and the back part of the foot.

Question 21

Define Metatarsal bones (5).

Answer 21

The metatarsal bones are the five long bones in the foot, located between the tarsal bones and the phalanges.

Question 22

Define Phalanges (5).

Answer 22

The phalanges are the bones that make up the fingers and toes, with each finger and toe typically having three phalanges (except for the big toe and thumb, which have two).