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Sport Science > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

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1
Q

Fossa

A

depression in a bone received the articulating bone

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2
Q

Notch

A

V shaped depression
Stabalises a bone

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3
Q

Condyle

A

Round bump

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4
Q

Processes

A

Raised area for connective tissue

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5
Q

Tuberosity

A

Raised bump used for muscle attatchment

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6
Q

Periosteum

A

Tough outer layer of bone for protection

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7
Q

Calcium

A

Mineral essential for bone growth

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8
Q

Vitamin d

A

Needed for uptake and absorption of calcium

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9
Q

Collegen

A

Protein
Connective tissue of tendons

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10
Q

Bone marrow

A

Soft tissue formed in bones
Red = rbc WBC and platletts
White = fat and cartilage

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11
Q

Epiphyseal

A

Rounded ends of bones forms a joint 2 or more bones

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12
Q

Growth plates

A

End of long bone cartilage
Site of ossifications

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13
Q

Diaphysis

A

Long part of the bone
Site of growth

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14
Q

Cancelleous bone

A

Sponges home
Red bone marrow
End of bone

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15
Q

Compact bone

A

Hardest part of the bone
Protection

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16
Q

Articulating cartilage

A

Cartilage that allow bones to move with minimum friction

17
Q

Sagital

A

Splits body left vs right
Felxion and extension occur
E.g biceps curl

18
Q

Frontal

A

Front vs back of body
Sideways movements - abduction and addiction
E.g cartwheel

19
Q

Transverse

A

Splits top vs bottom
rotational movements
E.g pirouette

20
Q

function of skeletal system

A

Red and white blood cell production
Protection of vital organs
Mineral storage
Framework support and structure
Movement and leverage
Muscle attatchment

21
Q

Vertabrae column

A

Cervicle 7
Thoratic 12
Lumbar 5
Sacrum 5
Coccyx 4

22
Q

Type of bones and example

A

Seasmoid patella
Long femur
Short tarsals
Irregular vertabrae
Flat sternum cranium scapula

23
Q

Ligaments

A

Held together by tough fibrous tissue
Stop unwanted movements hyper extension and flexing
Connect bone to bone
Stabilises a joint

24
Q

Function of each type of bone

A

Short weight bearing
Long leverages and movement and blood cell production
Irregular and flat protection of vital organs and muscle attatchment
Seasmoid reduces friction

25
Q

Joint capsule

A

Though fibrous tissue surrounding the joint
Adds strengths and supports the synovial membrane

26
Q

Bursa

A

Fluid filled sac
Cushioning
Between tendons
Decreases friction between the bones

27
Q

Synovial membrane

A

Thin with lots of epithelial cells
Produces synovial fluid
Lubricates a joint and decrease friction

28
Q

Fibrous cartilage

A

Softer
E.g menisci in knee
Add support and cushioning

29
Q

Hyaline cartilage

A

Smooth tough and shiny
Found in joints at the end of a bone
Lubrication and absorbs synovial fluid

30
Q

Ligaments

A

White
Poor blood supply
Tough fibrous tissue
Stop u wanted movements
Stabalises a joint
Joins bone to bone

31
Q

Blood viscosity

A

High temperature e.g exercising
Viscosity of blood is thin

Low temperature e.g no exercise
Bloody viscosity is thick

32
Q

All type of joint and example

A

Saddle thumb
Ball and socket shoulder and hip
Hinge elbow ankle knee
Pivot neck
Condyloid wrist
Gliding ankle acts like hinge

33
Q

Classifications of joins all points and examples

A

Fibrous
Protection of vital organs
e.g cranium
No movement
Held by fibrous tissue interlocking and overlapping of bones

Cartilaginous
Shock absorbent and cushioning
Vertabrae column
little movement
E.g when jumping and landing protection

Synovial
E.g knee
Freely moveable
Movement production correct technique
Synovial fluid lubricates and reduce friction
Bursa fluid filled sac reduce friction

34
Q

Bone remodelling

A

Osteoblasts
Ossifications
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
Calcium
Vitamin D
Collegen

35
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Break down and remove old damaged calcium

36
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Transport new calcium to site of bone growth
Layer of Collegen is formed connective tissue in tendons

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