Skeletal System Flashcards
Osteoblasts
Bone producing cells, in bone periosteum
Osteocytes
Mature osteoblasts, in bone osteon lacunae
Osteoclasts
Breakdown bones, in bone endosteum
Chondrocytes
Produces cartilage
Bone composition
40% organic 60% minerals
Compact Bone
Forms shaft of long bone
Compact bone known as
Dense bone
Cancellous bone
Found inside long and flat bones
Trabeculae
network of bone that forms rod like structures
Cancellous bone known as
spongy bone
Bone marrow function
Forms red and white blood cells
Intramembranous formation
Stem cells gather, differentiate into osteoblasts, and produce osteoid
Endochondral
Stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that produce hyaline cartilage
Long bone examples
Humerus, femur, metacarpal, phalanx
Long Bone
Important for body support and locomotion
Short bone
Absorb impact and accommodated movement
Short bone shape
Cuboidal
Short bone example
carpals and tarsals
Flat bone
important for protection and muscle attachment
Flat bone example
Skull, ribs, pelvis
Sesamoid
Bones important to protect tendons, resemble a sesame seed, patella is largest
Pneumatic
Hollow bones in birds
Irregular
Odd shapes and hard to identify
How many cervical vertebrate in each mammal?
7
Ventral
Lower side
Dorsal
Upper side
Cranial
Towards head
Caudal
Towards butt
Rostral
ON HEAD, towards nose
Proximal
Towards the trunk of a limb
Distal
Further away from trunk
