Skeletal System Flashcards
1. Osseous Tissue 2. Axial Skeletal System (Skull Bones/Markings, Vertebral Column, & Thoracic Cage) 3. Appendicular Skeletal System (Shoulder/Pelvic Girdle & Upper/Lower Appendicular Skeleton)
OSSEOUS TISSUE
What is the composite material that makes up bone?
(hint: 2)
- Collagen
- Hydroxyapatite
1. Collagen provides resiliency/flexibility
2. Hydroxyapatite provides hard/rigid structure
OSSEOUS TISSUE
What specialized property does bone have during its remodeling?
Piezoelectric effect
The piezoelectric effect (in bones) refers to the ability to convert mechanical stress into electrical potentials. These electrical potentials illicit responses to rebuild bones in said areas of compression
OSSEOUS TISSUE
If a person’s bone easily shatters (i.e., in older people), what composite material of bones are they missing?
collagen
Dr. Glass has a collgen deficiency
OSSEOUS TISSUE
Do bones regrow? Why?
Yes, due to the piezoelectric nature of bones
OSSEOUS TISSUE
What are the functions of osteoclasts?
Break down broken bones
OSSEOUS TISSUE
What are the function of osteoblasts?
Synthesize new bones
OSSEOUS TISSUE
Where are osteocytes (bone cells) found?
osteocytes are living bone cells
lacuna(e)
osteocytes are stuck in composite of hydroxyapatite and collagen matrix inside lacunae
OSSEOUS TISSUE
In what direction does bone grow?
bone grows outward
OSSEOUS TISSUE
1.
Spongy bones
OSSEOUS TISSUE
2.
Blood vessels
OSSEOUS TISSUE
3.
Compact bone
OSSEOUS TISSUE
4.
Medullary cavity
OSSEOUS TISSUE
5.
(inside the bone)
Endosteum
OSSEOUS TISSUE
6.
(outside the bone)
Periosteum
OSSEOUS TISSUE
7.
Compact bone
OSSEOUS TISSUE
8.
Spongy bone
OSSEOUS TISSUE
9.
Medullary cavity
OSSEOUS TISSUE
10.
(hint: fibers)
Collagen fiber orientation
OSSEOUS TISSUE
11.
Concentric lamellae
OSSEOUS TISSUE
12.
(focus on the passageway)
Central canal
OSSEOUS TISSUE
13.
(focus on the lining of the inside of the canal)
Endosteum
OSSEOUS TISSUE
14.
(focus on the orientation)
Concentric lamellae
OSSEOUS TISSUE
15.
(focus on the orientation)
Interstitial lamellae
OSSEOUS TISSUE
16.
**(focus on the vascularature)
Capillary
OSSEOUS TISSUE
17.
Vein (small)
OSSEOUS TISSUE
18.
(focus on the orientation)
Circumferential lamellae
OSSEOUS TISSUE
19.
Osteon(s)
OSSEOUS TISSUE
20.
(outside the bone)
Periosteum
OSSEOUS TISSUE
21.
Vein
OSSEOUS TISSUE
22.
Artery
OSSEOUS TISSUE
23.
Central canal
OSSEOUS TISSUE
24.
Perforating canal
OSSEOUS TISSUE
25.
Trabeculae of spongy bone
OSSEOUS TISSUE
26.
(inner lining)
Endosteum
OSSEOUS TISSUE
27.
Lamellae
OSSEOUS TISSUE
28.
Canaliculi opening on the surface
OSSEOUS TISSUE
What are the tiny projections that protude outwards connecting osteons called?
(nutrients, electrolytes, etc. are transferred in these between osteons)
canaliculi
BONE MARKINGS
Any projection or bump
process
BONE MARKINGS
An extension of a bone making an angle to the rest of the structure
ramus
BONE MARKINGS
A large, rough projection
(processes formed where tendons or ligaments are attached)
trochanter
BONE MARKINGS
A rough projection
(processes formed where tendons or ligaments are attached)
tuberosity
BONE MARKINGS
A small, rounded projection
(processes formed where tendons or ligaments are attached)
tubercle
BONE MARKINGS
A prominent ridge
(processes formed where tendons or ligaments are attached)
crest
BONE MARKINGS
A pointed process
(processes formed where tendons or ligaments are attached)
spine
BONE MARKINGS
Expanded articulation end of an epiphysis
(processes formed for articulation with adjacent bones)
Head
BONE MARKINGS
Narrower connection between the epiphysis/diaphysis
(processes formed for articulation with adjacent bones)
Neck
BONE MARKINGS
A smooth, rounded articular process
(processes formed for articulation with adjacent bones)
Condyle
BONE MARKINGS
A smooth, grooved articular process shaped like a pulley
(processes formed for articulation with adjacent bones)
trochlea
BONE MARKINGS
Small, flat articular surfaces
(processes formed for articulation with adjacent bones)
facet(s)
BONE MARKINGS
A shallow depression
Fossa
BONE MARKINGS
Rounded passageways for blood vessels and/or nerves
foramen
BONE MARKINGS
An elongated cleft
fissure
BONE MARKINGS
A passageway through the bone substance of a bone
Meatus (or canal)
BONE MARKINGS
A chamber within a bone, normally filed with air
Sinus (or antrum)
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
1.
Parietal bone
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
2.
Supraorbital foramen
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
3.
Sphenoid bone
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
4.
Temporal bone
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
5.
Ethmoid bone
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
6.
Palatine bone
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
7.
Lacrimal bone
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
8.
Zygomaticofacial foramen
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
9.
Zygomatic bone
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
10.
Nasal bone
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
11.
Maxilla
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
12.
Inferior nasal concha (or turbinates)
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
13.
Vomer
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
14.
Mandible
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
15.
Frontal bone
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
16.
Coronal suture
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
17.
Frontonasal suture
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
18.
Optic canal
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
19.
Superior orbital fissure
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
20.
Inferior orbital fissure
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
21.
Termporal process of the zygomatic bone
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
22.
Infra-orbital foramen
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
23.
Middle nasal concha (or turbinates)
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
24.
Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
25.
Mental foramen
SKULL BONES, FRONTAL VIEW
26.
Mental protuberance
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
1.
Coronal suture
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
2.
Sphenoid bone
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
3.
Supra-orbital foramen
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
4.
Frontonasal suture
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
5.
Nasal bone
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
6.
Lacrimal groove of lacrimal bone
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
7.
Ethmoid bone
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
8.
Infra-orbital foramen
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
9.
Maxilla
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
10.
Zygomatic bone
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
11.
Mental foramen
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
12.
Mental protuberance
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
13.
Mandible
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
14.
Zygomatic arch
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
15.
Zygomatic process of temporal bone
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
16.
Temporal process of the zygomatic bone
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
17.
Styloid process
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
18.
Mastoid process
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
19.
External acoustic meatus
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
20.
Lambdoid suture
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
21.
Squamous suture
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
22.
Inferior temporal line
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
23.
Superior temporal line
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
24.
Parietal bone
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
25.
Frontal bone
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
26.
Temporal bone
SKULL BONES, LATERAL VIEW
27.
Occipital bone
SKULL BONES, POSTERIOR VIEW
1.
Sagittal suture
SKULL BONES, POSTERIOR VIEW
2.
Lambdoid suture
SKULL BONES, POSTERIOR VIEW
3.
Squamous suture
SKULL BONES, POSTERIOR VIEW
4.
Temporal bone
SKULL BONES, POSTERIOR VIEW
5.
Mastoid process
SKULL BONES, POSTERIOR VIEW
6.
Styloid process
SKULL BONES, POSTERIOR VIEW
7.
Occipital condyle
SKULL BONES, POSTERIOR VIEW
8.
External occipital protuberance
SKULL BONES, POSTERIOR VIEW
9.
Mandible
SKULL BONES, POSTERIOR VIEW
10/11.
Right and left parietal bones
SKULL BONES, POSTERIOR VIEW
12.
Occipital bone
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW
1.
Occipital bone
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW
2.
Lambdoid suture
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW
3.
Sagittal suture
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW
4.
Coronal suture
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW
5.
Zygomatic bone
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW
6.
Nasal bone(s)
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW
7.
Frontal bone
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW
8/9.
Left and right parietal bones
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
1.
Greater palatine foramen
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
2.
Frontal bone
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
3.
Lesser palatine foramen
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
4.
Zygomatic bone
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
5.
Vomer
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
6.
Sphenoid bone
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
7.
Foramen ovale
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
8.
Styloid process
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
9.
Mandibular fossa
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
10.
Temporo squama
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
11.
External acoustic meatus
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
12.
Jugular foramen
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
13.
Condyloid fossa
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
14.
Lambdoid suture
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
15.
Occipital bone
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
16.
External occipital protuberance
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
17.
Superior nuchal line
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
18.
Foramen magnum
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
19.
Occipital condyle
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
20.
Occipitomastoid suture
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
21.
Stylomastoid foramen
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
22.
Mastoid process
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
23.
Temporal bone
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
24.
Carotid canal
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
25.
Foramen lacerum
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
26.
Medial and lateral pterygoid plates (or processes) of the sphenoid bone
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
27.
Zygomatic arch
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
28.
Internal nares
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
29.
Palatine bone
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
30.
Maxilla
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
31.
Palatine process of the maxilla
SKULL BONES, INFERIOR VIEW (MANDIBLE REMOVED)
32.
Incisive fossa
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
1.
Frontal bone
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
2.
(entire bone)
Ethmoid bone
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
3.
Sphenoid bone
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
4.
(entire bone)
Temporal bone
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
5.
Carotid canal
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
6.
Mastoid foramen
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
7.
Parietal bone
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
8.
Occipital bone
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
9.
Hypoglossal canal
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
10.
Jugular foramen
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
11.
Internal acoustic meatus
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
12.
Foramen spinosum
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
13.
Foramen ovale
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
14.
Foramen lacerum
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
15.
Foramen rotundum
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
16.
Sella turcica
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
17.
Cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
18.
Crista galli of the ethmoid bone
SKULL BONES, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
19.
Foramen magnum
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
1.
Coronal suture
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
2.
Frontal bone
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
3.
Sphenoid bone
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
4.
Sphenoidal sinus (right)
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
5.
Frontal sinus
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
6.
Crista galli of the ethmoid bone
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
7.
Nasal bone
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
8.
Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
9.
Vomer
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
10.
Palatine bone
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
11.
Maxilla
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
12.
Mandible
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
13.
Styloid process
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
14.
Hypoglossal canal
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
15.
Occipital bone
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
16.
Internal acoustic meatus
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
17.
Hypophyseal fossa of sella turcica
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
18.
Lambdoid suture
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
19.
Temporal bone
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
20.
Squamous suture
SKULL BONES, SAGITTAL VIEW
21.
Parietal bone
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
1.
Foramen rotundum
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
2.
Superior orbital fissure
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
3.
Optic canal
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
4.
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
5.
Anterior clinoid process
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
6.
Lesser wing of the sphenoid bone
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
7.
Greater wing of the sphenoid bone
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
8.
Sella turcica
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
9.
Dorsum sellae
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
10.
Sphenoidal spine
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
11.
Tuberculum sellae
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
12.
Foramen ovale
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
13.
Posterior clinoid process
SPHENOID BONE, SUPERIOR VIEW
14.
Foramen spinosum
SPHENOID BONE, ANTERIOR VIEW
1.
Superior orbital fissure
SPHENOID BONE, ANTERIOR VIEW
2.
Sphenoidal sinus
SPHENOID BONE, ANTERIOR VIEW
3.
Pterygoid canal
SPHENOID BONE, ANTERIOR VIEW
4.
Lesser wing of the sphenoid bone
SPHENOID BONE, ANTERIOR VIEW
5.
Greater wing of the sphenoid bone
SPHENOID BONE, ANTERIOR VIEW
6.
Orbital surface of the greater wing
SPHENOID BONE, ANTERIOR VIEW
7.
Pterygoid processes
SPHENOID BONE, ANTERIOR VIEW
8.
Foramen rotundum
SPHENOID BONE, ANTERIOR VIEW
9.
Lateral pterygoid plate (process) of the sphenoid bone
SPHENOID BONE, ANTERIOR VIEW
10.
Medial pterygoid plate (process) of the sphenoid bone
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
1.
Sella turcica
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
2.
Entrance to the optic canal
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
3.
Anterior clinoid process
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
4.
Superior orbital fissure
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
5.
Foramen rotundum
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
6.
Posterior clinoid process
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
7.
Foramen ovale
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
8.
Foramen spinosum
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
9.
Foramen lacerum
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
10.
Petrous part of the temporal bone
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
11.
Internal acoustic meatus
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
12.
Jugular foramen
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
13.
Hypoglossal canal
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
14.
Foramen magnum
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
15.
Posterior cranial fossa
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
16.
Middle cranial fossa
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
17.
Anterior cranial fossa
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
18.
Cribiform plate
SKULL BONE MARKINGS, SUPERIOR VIEW (WITH CRANIUM REMOVED)
19.
Crista galli of the ethmoid bone
MANDIBULAR BONES, LATERAL VIEW
1.
Head (of the mandible)
MANDIBULAR BONES, LATERAL VIEW
2.
Molars (teeth)
MANDIBULAR BONES, LATERAL VIEW
3.
Mylohyoid line
MANDIBULAR BONES, LATERAL VIEW
4.
Coronoid process
MANDIBULAR BONES, LATERAL VIEW
5.
Condylar process (or mandibular condyle)
MANDIBULAR BONES, LATERAL VIEW
6.
Mandibular notch
MANDIBULAR BONES, LATERAL VIEW
7.
Mandibular ramus
MANDIBULAR BONES, LATERAL VIEW
8.
Mandibular angle
MANDIBULAR BONES, LATERAL VIEW
9.
Mental foramen
MANDIBULAR BONES, LATERAL VIEW
10.
Mental protuberance
MANDIBULAR BONES, LATERAL VIEW
11.
Body
MANDIBULAR BONES, LATERAL VIEW
12.
Alveolar part
IDENTIFYING VERTEBRA
How do you distinguish if a vertebra is a part of the cervical vertebral column?
(hint: 2)
C1-C7
- A bifid spinous process
- Bilateral transverse foramen
IDENTIFYING VERTEBRA
How do you distinguish if a vertebra is a part of the thoracic vertebral column?
(hint: 2)
(T1-T12)
- The spinous process is pointed downwards
- It has superior, inferior, and transverse costal facets (bilaterally) in order to articulate with ribs
IDENTIFYING VERTEBRA
How do you distinguish if a vertebra is a part of the lumbar vertebral column?
(hint:
L1-L5
- The spinous process is wide and protudes outwards (with no angularture)
VERTEBRA, INFERIOR VIEW
1.
Spinous process
VERTEBRA, INFERIOR VIEW
2.
Inferior articular process
VERTEBRA, INFERIOR VIEW
3.
Pedicle
VERTEBRA, INFERIOR VIEW
4.
Vertebral body
VERTEBRA, INFERIOR VIEW
5.
Vertebral foramen
VERTEBRA, INFERIOR VIEW
6.
Inferior articular facet
VERTEBRA, INFERIOR VIEW
7.
Tranverse process
VERTEBRA, INFERIOR VIEW
8.
Superior articular process
VERTEBRA, LATERAL & SLIGHTLY INFERIOR VIEW
1.
Superior articular process
VERTEBRA, LATERAL & SLIGHTLY INFERIOR VIEW
2.
Transverse process
VERTEBRA, LATERAL & SLIGHTLY INFERIOR VIEW
3.
Spinous process
VERTEBRA, LATERAL & SLIGHTLY INFERIOR VIEW
4.
Inferior articular facet
VERTEBRA, LATERAL & SLIGHTLY INFERIOR VIEW
5.
Inferior articular process
VERTEBRA, LATERAL & SLIGHTLY INFERIOR VIEW
6.
Vertebral body
VERTEBRA, LATERAL & SLIGHTLY INFERIOR VIEW
7.
Pedicle
VERTEBRA, POSTERIOR/LATERAL VIEW OF THREE ARTICULATED VERTEBRAE
1.
Superior articular facets
VERTEBRA, POSTERIOR/LATERAL VIEW OF THREE ARTICULATED VERTEBRAE
2.
Superior articular process
VERTEBRA, POSTERIOR/LATERAL VIEW OF THREE ARTICULATED VERTEBRAE
3.
Lamina of the vertebral arch
VERTEBRA, POSTERIOR/LATERAL VIEW OF THREE ARTICULATED VERTEBRAE
4.
Intervertebral foramen
VERTEBRA, POSTERIOR/LATERAL VIEW OF THREE ARTICULATED VERTEBRAE
5.
Intervertebral disc
VERTEBRA, POSTERIOR/LATERAL VIEW OF THREE ARTICULATED VERTEBRAE
6.
Spinous process
VERTEBRA, POSTERIOR/LATERAL VIEW OF THREE ARTICULATED VERTEBRAE
7.
Intervertebral discs
VERTEBRA, POSTERIOR/LATERAL VIEW OF THREE ARTICULATED VERTEBRAE
8.
Transverse process
VERTEBRA, POSTERIOR/LATERAL VIEW OF THREE ARTICULATED VERTEBRAE
9.
Vertebral body
VERTEBRA, POSTERIOR/LATERAL VIEW OF THREE ARTICULATED VERTEBRAE
10.
Inferior articular process
VERTEBRA, POSTERIOR/LATERAL VIEW OF THREE ARTICULATED VERTEBRAE
11.
Inferior articular facet
VERTEBRA, POSTERIOR/LATERAL VIEW OF THREE ARTICULATED VERTEBRAE
12.
Vertebral body
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
1.
Superior articular facet
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
2.
Superior articular process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
3.
Inferior articular process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
4.
Spinous process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
5.
Bifid tips of the spinous process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
6.
Inferior articular facet
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
7.
Transverse foramen
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
8.
(there are two 8’s; one in each diagram)
- Vertebral foramen (above)
- Vertebral arch (below)
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
9.
(there are two 9’s; one in each diagram)
- Transverse process (above)
- Vertebral foramen
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
10.
Pedicle
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
11.
Transverse process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
12.
Costal process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
13.
Bifid tip of the spinous process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
15.
Spinous process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
16.
Lamina
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
17.
Superior articular process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
18.
Superior articular facet
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
19.
Transverse foramen
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEWS
20.
Vertebral body
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
1.
Posterior tubercule
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
2.
Posterior arch
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
3.
Facet for dens process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
4.
Superior articular facet
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
5.
Superior articular process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
6.
Anterior arch
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
7.
Anterior tubercle
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
8.
Vertebral foramen
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
9.
Transverse foramen
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
10.
Costal process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
11.
Transverse process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
12.
Posterior tubercle
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
13.
Vertebral foramen
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
14.
Posterior arch
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
15.
Facet for dens process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
16.
Inferior articular facet
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
17.
Anterior tubercle
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
18.
Spinous process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
19.
Lamina
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
20.
Transverse foramen
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
21.
Transverse process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
22.
Superior articular facet
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
23.
Pedicle
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
24.
Dens process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
25.
Vertebral body
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
26.
Vertebral foramen
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
27.
Spinous process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
28.
Lamina
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
29.
Inferior articular process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
30.
Inferior articular facet
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
31.
Transverse process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
32.
Transverse foramen
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
33.
Superior articular process
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
34.
Vertebral foramen
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
35.
Vertebral foramen
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE, AXIS AND ATLAS
36.
Pedicle
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, LATERAL VIEW
1.
Transverse costal facet
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, LATERAL VIEW
2.
Superior articular facet
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, LATERAL VIEW
3.
Pedicle
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, LATERAL VIEW
4.
Transverse processes
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, LATERAL VIEW
5.
Superior costal facet for head of rib
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, LATERAL VIEW
6.
Inferior vertebral notch
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, LATERAL VIEW
7.
Inferior costal facet
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, LATERAL VIEW
8.
Inferior articular process
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, LATERAL VIEW
9.
Spinous process
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, LATERAL VIEW
10.
Superior articular process
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, LATERAL VIEW
11.
Vertebral body
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, LATERAL VIEW
12.
Inferior costal facet for head of rib
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, SUPERIOR VIEW
1.
Transverse costal facet for tubercle of rib
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, SUPERIOR VIEW
2.
Spinous process
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, SUPERIOR VIEW
3.
Lamina
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, SUPERIOR VIEW
4.
Transverse costal facet
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, SUPERIOR VIEW
5.
Transverse process
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, SUPERIOR VIEW
6.
Superior articular facet
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, SUPERIOR VIEW
7.
Superior articular process
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, SUPERIOR VIEW
8.
Pedicle
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, SUPERIOR VIEW
9.
Inferior costal facet
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, SUPERIOR VIEW
10.
Vertebral foramen
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, SUPERIOR VIEW
11.
Vertebral foramen
THORACIC VERTEBRAE, SUPERIOR VIEW
12.
Superior costal foramen
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
1.
Superior articular process
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
2.
Transverse articular process
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
3.
Pedicle
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
4.
Vertebral body
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
5.
Inferior articular process
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
6.
Inferior articular facet
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
7.
Spinous process
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
8.
Spinous process
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
9.
Vertebral body
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
10.
Superior articular facet
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
11.
Vertebral foramen
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
12.
Vertebral body
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
13.
Spinous process
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
14.
Lamina
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
15.
Superior articular process
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
16.
Transverse process
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
17.
Pedicle
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
18.
Superior articular facet
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
19.
Vertebral foramen
LUMBAR VERTEBRA, LATERAL/SUPERIOR VIEW
20.
Vertebral body
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
1.
Articular process
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
2.
Entrance to the sacral canal
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
3.
Sacral tuberosity
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
4.
Sacral tuberosity
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
5.
Lateral and sacral crest
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
6.
Lateral and sacral crest
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
7.
Median sacral crest
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
8.
Sacral cornu
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
9.
Coccygeal cornu
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
10.
Sacral hiatus
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
11.
Sacral promontory
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
12.
Auricular surface
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
13.
Sacral curve
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
14.
Coccyx
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
15.
Apex
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
16.
Sacral foramina
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
17.
Transverse lines
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
18.
Pelvic surface
SACRUM/COCCYX, POSTERIOR, LATERAL, AND ANTERIOR VIEW
19.
Base (of sacrum)
RIB CAGE & STERNUM, ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VIEW
1.
Jugular notch
RIB CAGE & STERNUM, ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VIEW
2.
Clavicular articulation (or notch)
RIB CAGE & STERNUM, ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VIEW
3.
Sternum
RIB CAGE & STERNUM, ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VIEW
4.
Manubrium
RIB CAGE & STERNUM, ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VIEW
5.
(Sternal) body
RIB CAGE & STERNUM, ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VIEW
6.
Xiphoid process
RIB CAGE & STERNUM, ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VIEW
7.
Costal cartilages
RIB CAGE & STERNUM, ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VIEW
8.
Floating ribs (11-12)
RIB CAGE & STERNUM, ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VIEW
9.
Vertebrochondral ribs (8-10)
RIB CAGE & STERNUM, ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VIEW
10.
True ribs (1-7)
RIB CAGE & STERNUM, ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VIEW
11.
False ribs (8-12)
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
1.
Transverse costal facet
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
2.
Superior costal facet
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
3.
Tubercle of rib
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
4.
Angle
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
5.
Vertebral end
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
6.
Neck of rib
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
7.
Head (of rib)
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
8.
Attachment to costal cartilage (sternal end)
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
9.
Body of rib
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
10.
Costal groove
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
11.
Angle of rib
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
12.
Tubercle of rib
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
13.
Neck of rib
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
14.
Head of rib
THORACIC VERTEBRA + RIB ARTICULATION, SUPERIOR/POSTERIOR-MEDIAL VIEW
15.
Articular facets (of rib)
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
1.
Acromion (process)
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
2.
Coracoid process
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
3.
Suprascapular notch
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
4.
Superior border
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
5.
Superior angle
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
6.
Rim of the glenoid cavity
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
7.
Lateral angle
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
8.
Lateral border (axillary border)
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
9.
Inferior angle
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
10.
Body (of the scapula)
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
11.
Medial border (vertebral border)
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
12.
Subscapular fossa
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
13.
Scapular spine
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
14.
Infraglenoid tubercle
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
15.
Acromion
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
16.
Supraglenoid tubercle
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
17.
Coracoid process
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
18.
Glenoid fossa (cavity)
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
19.
Lateral border
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
20.
Inferior angle
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
21.
Supraspinous fossa
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
22.
Medial border
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
23.
Superior border
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
24.
Coracoid process
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
25.
Body (of scapula)
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
26.
Acromion
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
27.
Neck of scapula
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
28.
Scapular spine
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
29.
Infraspinous fossa
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
30.
Lateral border
SCAPULA; COSTAL (ANTERIOR), LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR VIEW
31.
Inferior angle
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
1.
Greater tubercle
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
2.
Lesser tubercle
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
3.
Head (of humerus)
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
4.
Anatomical neck (of humerus)
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
5.
Intertubercular sulcus
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
6.
Surgical neck
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
7.
Deltoid tuberosity
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
8.
Radial groove
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
9.
Radial fossa
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
10.
Lateral epicondyle
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
11.
Capitulum
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
12.
Trochlea
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
13.
Condyle
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
14.
Medial epicondyle
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
15.
Lateral epicondyle
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
16.
Radial fossa
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
17.
Coronoid fossa
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
18.
Capitulum
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
19.
Trochlea
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
20.
Condyle
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
21.
Medial epicondyle
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
22.
Shaft (body)
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
23.
Deltoid tuberosity
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
24.
Intertubular sulcus
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
25.
Anatomical neck
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
26.
Head (of humerus)
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
27.
Lesser tubercle
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
28.
Intertubular sulcus
RIGHT HUMERUS, ANTERIOR VIEW
29.
Greater tubercle
RIGHT HUMERUS, POSTERIOR VIEW
1.
Head of humerus
RIGHT HUMERUS, POSTERIOR VIEW
2.
Anatomical neck
RIGHT HUMERUS, POSTERIOR VIEW
3.
Greater tubercle
RIGHT HUMERUS, POSTERIOR VIEW
4.
Surgical neck
RIGHT HUMERUS, POSTERIOR VIEW
5.
Deltoid tuberosity
RIGHT HUMERUS, POSTERIOR VIEW
6.
Olecranon fossa
RIGHT HUMERUS, POSTERIOR VIEW
7.
Medial epicondyle
RIGHT HUMERUS, POSTERIOR VIEW
8.
Trochlea
RIGHT HUMERUS, POSTERIOR VIEW
9.
Lateral epicondyle
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
1.
Olecranon process
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
2.
Proximal radioulnar joint
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
3.
Head of radius
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
4.
Neck of radius
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
5.
Radius
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
6.
Ulna
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
7.
Interosseous membrane
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
8.
Ulnar notch of radius
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
9.
Ulnar head
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
10.
Ulnar styloid process
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
11.
Articular cartilage
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
12.
Distal extremity of radius
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
13.
Radial styloid process
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
14.
Ulnar styloid process
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
15.
Ulnar head
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
16.
Ulnar notch of radius
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
17.
Distal extremity of the radius
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
18.
Radial styloid process
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
19.
Radial notch of the ulna
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
20.
Coronoid process of the ulna
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
21.
Head of radius
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
22.
Capitulum
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
23.
Trochlea
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
24.
Medial epicondyle
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
25.
Humerus
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
26.
Ulna
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
27.
Head of radius
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
28.
Trochlea of humerus
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
29.
Olecranon
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
30.
Medial epicondyle of humerus
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
31.
Olecranon fossa
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR VIEWS
32.
Humerus
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
1.
Olecranon
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
2.
Trochlea notch
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
3.
Coronoid process
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
4.
Radial notch of ulna
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
5.
Head of radius
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
6.
Neck of radius
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
7.
Ulnar tuberosity
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
8.
Head of radius
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
9.
Radial tuberosity
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
10.
Ulna
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
11.
Radius
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
12.
Olecranon process
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
13.
Trochlear notch
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
14.
Coronoid process
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
15.
Radial notch
RADIAL-ULNA CONNECTION, ANTERIOR-LATERAL VIEWS
16.
Ulnar tuberosity
PALMAR BONES, ANTERIOR VIEW
1.
Radius
PALMAR BONES, ANTERIOR VIEW
2.
Ulna
PALMAR BONES, ANTERIOR VIEW
3.
Proximal phalanges
PALMAR BONES, ANTERIOR VIEW
4.
Medial phalanges
PALMAR BONES, ANTERIOR VIEW
5.
Distal phalanges
PALMAR BONES, ANTERIOR VIEW
6.
Metacarpals
1-5 metacarpals; 1 is at the thumb and increases to 5 at pinky
Base is proximal, shaft is medial, and head is distal in the metacarpals
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
1.
Posterior gluteal line
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
2.
Posterior superior iliac spine
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
3.
Posterior inferior iliac spine
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
4.
Greater sciatic notch
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
5.
Lunate surface of acetabulum
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
6.
Acetabular fossa
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
7.
Ischial spine
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
8.
Lesser sciatic notch
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
9.
Ischial tuberosity
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
10.
Ischial ramus
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
11.
Obturator foramen
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
12.
Acetabular notch
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
13.
Inferior ramus of pubis
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
14.
Pubic tubercle
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
15.
Superior ramus of tubercle
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
16.
Pubic crest
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
17.
Acetabulum
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
18.
Inferior iliac notch
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
19.
Anterior inferior iliac spine
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
20.
Inferior gluteal line
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
21.
Anterior superior iliac spine
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
22.
Anterior gluteal line
RIGHT PELVIC BONE, LATERAL VIEW
23.
Iliac crest
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
1.
Anterior superior iliac spine
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
2.
Anterior inferior iliac spine
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
3.
Obturator groove
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
4.
Superior pubic ramus
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
5.
Pectineal line
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
6.
Pubic tubercle
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
7.
Pubic symphysis (symphyseal surface)
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
8.
Inferior pubic ramus
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
9.
Obturator foramen
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW``
10.
Ischial ramus
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
11.
Ischial tuberosity
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
12.
Lesser sciatic notch
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
13.
Spine of ischium
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
14.
Greater sciatic notch
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
15.
Posterior inferior iliac spine
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
16.
Auricular surface for articulation with sacrum
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
17.
Posterior superior iliac spine
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
18.
Iliac tuberosity
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
19.
Iliac fossa
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
20.
Iliac crest
LEFT PELVIC BONE, MEDIAL VIEW
21.
Arcuate line
FEMUR, ANTERIOR VIEW
1.
Articular surface of head (of femur)
FEMUR, ANTERIOR VIEW
2/7.
POINTS LEFT-DOWNWARDS FROM HEAD OF FEMUR
Neck of femur
FEMUR, ANTERIOR VIEW
3.
Fovea for ligament of femur head
FEMUR, ANTERIOR VIEW
4/8.
Greater trochanter
FEMUR, ANTERIOR VIEW
5.
Intertrochanteric line
FEMUR, ANTERIOR VIEW
6.
Lesser trochanter
FEMUR, ANTERIOR VIEW
9.
Shaft (body) of femur
FEMUR, ANTERIOR VIEW
10.
Lateral epicondyle
FEMUR, ANTERIOR VIEW
11.
Patellar surface
FEMUR, ANTERIOR VIEW
12.
Lateral condyle
FEMUR, ANTERIOR VIEW
13.
Medial epicondyle
FEMUR, ANTERIOR VIEW
14.
Medial condyle
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
1.
Head of femur
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
2.
Neck of femur
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
3.
Greater trochanter
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
4.
Intertrochanteric crest
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
5.
Lesser trochanter
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
6.
Gluteal tuberosity
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
7.
Pectineal line
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
8.
Linea aspera
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
9.
Lateral supracondylar ridge
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
10.
Medial supracondylar ridge
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
11.
Lateral epicondyle
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
12.
Popliteal surface
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
13.
Lateral condyle
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
14.
Adductor tubercle
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
15.
Medial epicondyle
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
16.
Medial condyle
FEMUR, POSTERIOR VIEW
17.
Intercondylar fossa
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
1.
Lateral tibial condyle
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
2.
Medial tibial condyle
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
3.
Head of fibula
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
4.
Superior tibiofibular joint
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
5.
Tibial tuberosity
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
6.
Head of fibula
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
7.
Interosseous border of fibula
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
8.
Anterior margin
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
9.
Shaft of fibula
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
10.
Interosseous border of fibula
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
11.
Shaft of tibia
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
12.
Interosseous membrane of the leg
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
13/16.
Lateral malleolus (fibula)
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
14.
Interior tibiofibular joint
TIB-FIB, ANTERIOR VIEW
15/17.
Medial malleolus (tibia)
