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PDHPE - Yr 11 > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the clavicle?

A

The bone that connects the breastplate to the shoulder

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2
Q

What is the scapula?

A

A large triangular shaped bone that lies in the upper back

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3
Q

What is the humerus

A

The bone in your upper arm that’s located between your elbow and your shoulder

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4
Q

What is the radius?

A

One of the two bones that make up the forearm

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5
Q

What is the ulna

A

One of the two bones that make up the forearm (the larger of the two bones)

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6
Q

What are carpals

A

Bones of the wrist

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7
Q

What are meta carpals

A

Bones of the palm

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8
Q

What are phalanges

A

Bones of the digits

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9
Q

What is the pelvic girdle

A

A basin shaped complex of bones that connects the trunk and the legs

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10
Q

What does the pelvic girdle support?

A

The trunk, intestines, urinary bladder and internal Sex organs

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11
Q

What is the femur

A

Thigh bone. The longest and strongest bone in your body

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12
Q

What is the patella

A

A small bone located in front of the knee joint to protect the knee

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13
Q

What is the tibia

A

The shinbone, the larger of the two bones in the lower leg

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14
Q

What is the fibula?

A

Calf bone on the lateral side of the tibia

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15
Q

What are tarsals?

A

A set of seven irregularly shaped bones situated in the ankle area

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16
Q

What are metatarsals?

A

5 bones that connect the phalanges to the tarsals

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17
Q

What are phalanges of the foot?

A

The bones of the toes

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18
Q

What are synovial joints?

A

Freely movable joints that have synovial fluid which allows all parts of the joint to move smoothly against each other. Most prevalent joints in the body

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19
Q

Examples of synovial joints

A

Knee and shoulder

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20
Q

What are fibrous joints?

A

Fixed joints defined as two or more bones in close contact that have no movement

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21
Q

Example of fibrous joint

A

The bones of the skull

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22
Q

What are Cartliganeous joints?

A

Two or more bones held so tightly together that only limited movement can take place

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23
Q

Examples of cartilaginous joints?

A

The vertebrae of the spine

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24
Q

How many categories of synovial joints are there?

A

Six

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25
Q

What is a hinge joint?

A

Surface of one bone articulates with concave surface of another

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26
Q

Example of hinge

A

Flexion and extension
Elbow, phalanges

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27
Q

Ball and socket joint?

A

Ball shaped head of one bone articulates with cup shaped cavity of another

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28
Q

Ball and socket joints example

A

All planes and rotation
Hip and shoulder

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29
Q

Saddle joint?

A

Concave surface in one direction and convex in another

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30
Q

Examples of saddle joints?

A

Back and fourth, side to side
Thumb, 1st metacarpal and trapezium

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31
Q

Pivot joint?

A

Cylindrical surface of one bone articulates with ring of bone and ligament

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32
Q

Pivot joint examples?

A

Rotation around central axis
Atlas, axis, proximal articulation of radius and ulna

33
Q

Gliding joint?

A

Articulating surfaces flat or slightly curved

34
Q

Gliding examples?

A

Sliding or twisting
Wrist, ankles, sternum to clavicle

35
Q

Condyloid?

A

Oval shaped condyle of one bone articulates with elliptical cavity of another

36
Q

Condyloid examples?

A

Variety of movements, no rotation
Metacarpals and phalanges

37
Q

What does articulate capsule do?

A

Encloses the joint cavity

38
Q

What does the articulation cartilage/hyaline do?

A

Covers the surface of the bones which meet together

39
Q

What does synovial fluid do?

A

Lubricators and nourishes the articulation cartilage

40
Q

What is bursa?

A

Small sac of fluid located between bones and tendons

41
Q

What are tendons?

A

Thick and dense connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

42
Q

What are ligaments?

A

Thick and dense connective tissue that attaches bone to bone

43
Q

What is flexion?

A

Decreasing the angle between two bones

44
Q

Extension?

A

Increasing the angle between two bones

45
Q

Abduction?

A

Movement of a bone away from the midline

46
Q

Adduction

A

Movement of the bone towards the midline

47
Q

Pronation?

A

Movement of the palm to face down

48
Q

Supination?

A

Movement of the palm to face up

49
Q

Dorsiflexion?

A

Bending foot towards shin

50
Q

Plantarflexion?

A

Bending foot away from shin

51
Q

Inversion?

A

Rotation sole of the foot inwards

52
Q

Eversion?

A

Rotating sole of the foot outwards

53
Q

Rotation?

A

Moving a body part around in its long axis

54
Q

Circumduction?

A

The circular movement of a body part

55
Q

Types of bones?

A

Long
Short
Flat
Irregular
Sesamoid
Sutural

56
Q

Functions of skeletal system?

A

Protection
Axis
Movement
Support

57
Q

What is a long bone?

A

Levers for movement of the limbs that produce red and white blood cells

58
Q

Long bone examples

A

Femur and humerus

59
Q

What is short bone?

A

Cube shaped bone that transfers forces

60
Q

Short bone examples?

A

Tarsals and carpals

61
Q

What is a flat bone?

A

Bones that protect and serve as places for attachment for muscles

62
Q

Flat bone examples?

A

Pelvis, flat bones of the skull

63
Q

What are irregular bones?

A

Have various shaped other than long, short or flat.

64
Q

Irregular bones examples?

A

Face bones and vertebrae of spinal column

65
Q

What are sesamoid bones?

A

Found where tendons cross the ends of long bones in the limbs. They protect tendons from excessive wear

66
Q

Sesamoid bones example?

A

The patella

67
Q

What is the axial skeleton

A

Forms the vertical, central axis at the body and includes all bones of the head, neck, chest and back

68
Q

Appendicular skeleton description?

A

All appendages that are stuck onto the axial skeleton

69
Q

What are the anatomical positions?

A

Superior
Inferior
Anterior
Posterior
Medial
Lateral
Proximal
Distal

70
Q

Describe the superior position

A

The heart and above

71
Q

Inferior position

A

The heart and below

72
Q

Anterior position

A

The front of the body

73
Q

Posterior position?

A

Back of body

74
Q

Medial position?

A

Toward the middle line

75
Q

Lateral position?

A

Away from the midline

76
Q

Proximal position?

A

Closer to the heart

77
Q

Distal position?

A

Closer to the lower part of the body

78
Q

Label skeleton

A

(Worksheet)

PDHPE - Yr 11 (4 decks)

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