Skeletal system Flashcards
- Shaft
- Composed of
compact bone
Diaphysis
- Ends of the bone
- Composed mostly of
spongy bone
Epiphysis
- Outside covering of the diaphysis
- Fibrous connective tissue membrane
Periosteum
Secure periosteum to underlying bone
Sharpey’s fibers
Supply bone cells with nutrients
Arteries
- Covers the external
surface of the
epiphyses - Made of hyaline
cartilage - Decreases friction
at joint surfaces
Articular cartilage
- Cavity of the shaft
- Contains yellow
marrow (mostly fat) in
adults - Contains red marrow
(for blood cell
formation) in infants
Medullary cavity
- Cavities containing bone cells (osteocytes)
- Arranged in concentric rings
Lacunae
- Rings around the central canal
- Sites of lacunae
Lamellae
- Tiny canals
- Radiate from the
central canal to
lacunae - Form a transport
system
Canaliculi
Mature bone cells
Osteocytes
Bone-forming cells
Osteoblasts
- Bone-destroying cells
- Break down bone matrix for remodeling and release of calcium
Osteoclasts
break that does not
penetrate the skin
Closed (simple) fracture
broken bone
penetrates through the skin
Open (compound) fracture
- Skull
- Vertebral column
- Bony thorax
The Axial Skeleton
Hollow portions of bones surrounding
the nasal cavity
SinusesParanasal
The only bone that
does not articulate
with another bone
* Serves as a
moveable base for
the tongue
The Hyoid Bone
Each vertebrae is
given a name
according to its
location. T or F?
True
The spine has a
strange curvature. True or False?
False. Normal
Forms a
cage to
protect
major
organs
The Bony Thorax
Ilium
* Ischium
* Pubic bone
Hips bones
Articulations of bones
Joints
immovable joints
Synarthroses
slightly moveable
joints
Amphiarthroses
freely moveable joints
Diarthroses
Generally immovable joint
Fibrous joints
Immovable or slightly moveable joint
Cartilaginous joints
Freely moveable
Synovial joints
Bones connected by cartilage
Pubic
symphysis
* Intervertebral
joints
- Articulating
bones are
separated by a
joint cavity - fluid is
found in the
joint cavity
Synovial Joints
