Skeletal System

Question 1

The average human skeleton has ____ bones.

Answer 1

206

Question 2

Remodelling is….

Answer 2

the process of building up and tearing down bone.

Question 3

The two major divisions of the skeletal system

Answer 3

axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton

Question 4

Articulation

Answer 4

Site at which two bones meet.

Question 5

The body has over ____ joints.

Answer 5

300

Question 6

Bones are classified based on…

Answer 6

Size and shape

Question 7

Osseous Tissue

Answer 7

Gives strength and structure to bones.

Question 8

Two main types of osseous tissue:

Answer 8

Cortical and Cancellous

Question 9

Cortical (compact) bone

Answer 9

A tightly packed, hard material that makes up the outside surface.

Question 10

Cancellous (spongy) bone

Answer 10

Less dense than compact bone; it is a lattice-like structure of bony tissue.

Question 11

erythrocytes

Answer 11

red blood cells

Question 12

leukocytes

Answer 12

white blood cells

Question 13

thrombocytes

Answer 13

blood platelets

Question 14

Hematopoiesis

Answer 14

Red bone marrow forms erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes.

Question 15

Long bones

Answer 15

Are longer than they are wide; they have broad ends where they join with other bones and they are found in the arms & legs.

Question 16

Diaphysis

Answer 16

The tubular shaft of the bone and is composed of compact bone tissue.

Question 17

periosteum

Answer 17

A strong, fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the outer bone surface of long and other bones.

Question 18

epiphyses

Answer 18

The broader ends of the long bone made primarily of spongy bone tissue.

Question 19

metaphysis

Answer 19

The epiphyseal plate (growth plate) where the diaphysis and epiphysis meet.

Question 20

epiphyseal plate

Answer 20

Growth plate.

Question 21

endosteum

Answer 21

The membrane that lines the marrow cavity.

Question 22

Short bones

Answer 22

Cube shaped bones that have approximately equal vertical and horizontal dimensions. Found primarily in the wrists and ankles.

Question 23

Flat bones

Answer 23

Thin, flat, curved bones such as the ribs, breastbone, and skull.

Question 24

Irregular bones

Answer 24

Have shapes that cannot otherwise be described as flat, short, or long. They include the hips, vertebrae, and some bones of the skull.

Question 25

Sesamoid bones

Answer 25

Small rounded bones, including the patella (kneecap), form joints near after birth.

Question 26

Axial skeleton

Answer 26

The vertical axis of the body’s framework. They consist of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.

Question 27

The skull

Answer 27

Protects the brain and organs of vision, taste, equilibrium, and smell.

Question 28

Cranial bones

Answer 28

Frontal, left parietal, right parietal, left temporal, right temporal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid.

Question 29

Facial bones

Answer 29

maxilla, mandible, zygomatic, nasal, lacrimal, palatine, inferior nasal concha, and vomer.

Question 30

auditory ossicles

Answer 30

malleus, incus, and stapes

Question 31

appendicular skeleton

Answer 31

The 126 bones appended (attached) to the axial skeleton are known as the…

Question 32

Femur

Answer 32

Long bone of the upper leg.

Question 33

Tibia

Answer 33

The more prominent bone of the lower leg, aka the shin.

Question 34

Fibula

Answer 34

Runs parallel to the tibia but is smaller and well hidden within the lower leg.

Question 35

Patella

Answer 35

Kneecap.

Question 36

Tarsals

Answer 36

The seven bones of the ankle.

Question 37

Calcaneus

Answer 37

Heel

Question 38

Talus

Answer 38

forms the ankle joint with the tibia and fibula

Question 39

Metatarsals

Answer 39

The five long bones of each foot.

Question 40

Phalanges

Answer 40

The bones of the toes.

Question 41

Alveolus

Answer 41

Deep pit or socket

Question 42

condyle

Answer 42

Round, knuckle-like process at the end of a joint

Question 43

facet

Answer 43

Flattened or shallow articulating surface.

Question 44

Foramen

Answer 44

Rounded opening.

Question 45

Fossa

Answer 45

flattened or shallow surface.

Question 46

Process

Answer 46

Bony prominence.

Question 47

sinus

Answer 47

cavity or hollow space

Question 48

articulation (joint)

Answer 48

The site at which two bones meet.

Question 49

Synovial joint

Answer 49

The most common joint type.

Question 50

Fixed suture joints

Answer 50

Immobile, held together by fibrous connective tissue.

Question 51

Ligaments

Answer 51

Thickened bands of fibrous connective tissues that contain both elastic fibres and collagen.

Question 52

osteocytes

Answer 52

Bone cells.

Question 53

collagen

Answer 53

Dense connective tissue strands.

Question 54

osteoclasts

Answer 54

Cells that break down bone.

Question 55

Osteoblasts

Answer 55

Build bone back up.

Question 56

accessory navicular syndrome

Answer 56

A painful condition that presents when the accessory navicular bone and/or posterior tibial tendon are aggravated.

Question 57

acromegaly

Answer 57

Condition characterized by overgrowth of bone tissue.

Question 58

adamantinoma

Answer 58

Rare bone cancer that arises in a subcutaneous location in a bone.

Question 59

ankylosis

Answer 59

Immobility and sitffening of the joint

Question 60

arthritis

Answer 60

inlammation to a joint

Question 61

Osteoarthritis

Answer 61

degenerative arthritis

Question 62

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 62

Inflammation of the synovial membrane.

Question 63

Gouty Arthritis

Answer 63

A metabolic disorder that occurs when sharp uric acid crystals deposit in a joint.

Question 64

Ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 64

A chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints; primarily of the spine.

Question 65

osteomalacia

Answer 65

Rare bone disorder where an enzyme defect effe.cts bone formation that primarily affects the ribs and iliac crest(hip bone)