skeletal system

Question 1

two subdivisions of the skeleton

Answer 1

axial and appendicular

Question 2

axial skeleton bones are running through which direction of the body

Answer 2

vertical: so skull, vertebral column (spine) and thoracic cage (ribs)

Question 3

appendicular skeletal system has how many bones

Answer 3

126

Question 4

appendicular skeletal bones make up what parts of the body

Answer 4

limbs and pelvic girdle

Question 5

whats the purpose of a skeleton

Answer 5

allows movement, protects organs, supports the body, makes blood and stores minerals

Question 6

what is adipose tissue

Answer 6

fat

Question 7

what does the rib cage protect- what does the vertebrae protect

Answer 7

thoracic organs-spine

Question 8

what part of the system allows for movement

Answer 8

attached skeletal muscle

Question 9

what minerals do bones store and their purpose

Answer 9

calcium-keeps bones strong and phosphorus- helps body make proteins for health and repair of cells and tissues

Question 10

how many bones in the adult skeleton

Answer 10

206

Question 11

where is fat stored in bone

Answer 11

internal marrow cavity

Question 12

describe compact bone

Answer 12

homogeneous, dense, smooth, carries blood vessels and nerves

Question 13

describe spongy bone

Answer 13

trabeculae (small needle like pieces of bone) and open space filled with marrow, blood vessels and nerves

Question 14

describe long bones

Answer 14

mostly compact bone with spongy bone ends, all limb bones besides carpals and knee caps, where hematopoiesis occurs,

Question 15

what is blood cell formation called

Answer 15

hematopoiesis

Question 16

what are osteocytes

Answer 16

mature bone cells situated in the bone matrix, inside lacunae-compact

Question 17

what are lacunae

Answer 17

cavities in the bone matrix-compact

Question 18

what are lamellae

Answer 18

Concentric circles of lacunae situated around the central canal (haversian)-compact

Question 19

what is the central canal

Answer 19

opening at the center of an osteon

Question 20

long-Describe the diaphysis (shaft)

Answer 20

a shaft with enlarged ends and an outside covering called a periosteum

Question 21

what secures he periosteum to the bone underneath

Answer 21

perforating sharpeys fibers

Question 22

what is the epiphyseal line

Answer 22

the evidence of the plate with the same name that children have. The plate was made of hyaline cartilage that helped them grow.

Question 23

what is the endosteum

Answer 23

what lines the inner surface of the shaft

and is made of connective tissue

Question 24

what is medullary tissue

Answer 24

cavity in the shaft that contains red marrow for kids and mostly yellow for adults

Question 25

describe flat bones

Answer 25

``` Thin, flattened, and usually curved Two thin layers of compact bone sandwich a layer of spongy bone between them Examples: Most bones of the skull Ribs Sternum ```

Question 26

describe short bones

Answer 26

Generally cube-shaped Contain mostly spongy bone with an outer layer of compact bone Sesamoid bones are a type of short bone that form within tendons (patella) ankles and wrists

Question 27

vertebrae and hips bones are what type of bone

Answer 27

irregular

Question 28

what is a joint

Answer 28

where two bones meet

Question 29

what is the purpose of joints

Answer 29

mobility and holds bones together

Question 30

slightly movable joints are called

Answer 30

amphiarthrosis

Question 31

freely movable joints are called

Answer 31

diarthroses

Question 32

what are the four distinguishing features of synovial joints

Answer 32

Articular cartilage Articular capsule Joint cavity Reinforcing ligaments

Question 33

where is synovial fluid found

Answer 33

the joint cavity

Question 34

what are the different types of fibrous joints

Answer 34

sutures-immobile syndesmosis-limited mobility(distal ends of tibia and fibula gomphoses-immobile(where teeth meet cheek)

Question 35

articulating bones are separated by what

Answer 35

a joint cavity

Question 36

immovable joints are called

Answer 36

synathroses

Question 37

what are fibrous joints connected by

Answer 37

fibrous tissue

Question 38

Cartilaginous joints are connected by what

Answer 38

fibrocartilage

Question 39

What are the 2 types of Cartilaginous joints

Answer 39

Synchondrosis Immobile Found in epiphyseal plates of growing longs bones Symphysis movable Found in the pubic symphysis, intervertebral joints