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Medical Terminologies on the Skeletal System > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Oste/o

A

Combining form meaning bone

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2
Q

Cranial

A

Pertaining to the cranium of skull

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3
Q

Cephal/o

A

Combining form meaning head

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4
Q

Cephallic

A

Relating to the head

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5
Q

Squama frontalis

A

The part of the face above the head

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6
Q

Frontal bone

A

Major cranial bone, comprises of the forehead and the upper orbit of the eye

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7
Q

Zygomatic bone

A

Diamond shape bone below and lateral to the eye socket

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8
Q

The Occipital Bone

A

forms the back of the skull and the base of the cranium.

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9
Q

The Parietal Bone

A

forms the largest part of the top and sides of the cranium

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10
Q

Sphenoid/o

A

Combining form meaning sphenoid

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11
Q

Craniectomy

A

Surgical removal of a portion of the skull

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12
Q

Acromegaly

A

A disorder marked by progressive enlargement of the head, face, hands, feet and thorax.

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13
Q

Anencephaly

A

Absence of the greater part of the brain, skull and scalp.

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14
Q

Macrocephaly

A

Having an abnormally large head

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15
Q

Plagiocephaly

A

irregular shape of the head often in a parallelogram shape.

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16
Q

Jaw

A

holds and supports soft tissues

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17
Q

TMJs - Temporomandibular joints

A

allows the lower jaw to move smoothly

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18
Q

Mandible

A

supports the bottom row of teeth and gives shape to the lower face

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19
Q

Maxilla

A

holds the upper teeth, shapes the middle of the face

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20
Q

Gnath/o

A

Combining form meaning jaw

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21
Q

Bucc/o

A

Combining form meaning cheek

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22
Q

Buccal

A

Term relating to the cheek

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23
Q

Faci/o

A

Combining form meaning face

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24
Q

Mandibul/o

A

Combining form referring to the mandible

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25
Q

Maxill/o

A

Combining form for maxilla

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26
Q

Maxillofacial

A

Pertaining to the jaws or face

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27
Q

Malocclusion

A

Faulty contact between the upper and lower teeth when the jaw is closed.

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28
Q

Micrognathism

A

Abnormally small jaw

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29
Q

Chin

A

bony protuberance formed by the anterior projection of the mandible

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30
Q

Geni/o

A

Combining form meaning chin

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31
Q

Neck

A

body part connecting the head to the rest of the body

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32
Q

Atlas

A

top bone where the head attaches to the neck

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33
Q

Axis

A

second bone upon which the head and atlas rotate

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34
Q

Cervic/o

A

Combining form for neck

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35
Q

Thoracic cage

A

Part of the skeleton enclosing the thorax, ribs and sternum

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36
Q

Thorac/o

A

Combining form denoting thorax or chest cavity

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37
Q

Stern/o

A

Root word for sternum or breastbone

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38
Q

Sternum

A

A long, narrow and flat bone occurring in the midsection of the chest region

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39
Q

Manubrium

A

The uppermost part of the sternum

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40
Q

Xiph/o

A

Meaning sword shaped , root word for Xiphoid

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41
Q

The Xiphoid Process

A

smallest region of the sternum or breastbone

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42
Q

Chondr/o

A

Root word for Cartilage

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43
Q

Chondral

A

Pertaining to Cartilage

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44
Q

Ribs

A

Flat, curved bones that forms a protective cage for the chest organs

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45
Q

Costal cartilage

A

A bar of hyaline cartilage that attaches the rib to the sternum

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46
Q

Cost/o

A

Root word meaning Ribs

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47
Q

Costal

A

Pertaining to the ribs

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48
Q

Costochondritis

A

A benign inflammation of one or more of the costal cartilage.

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49
Q

Costochondral

A

Relating to or joining a rib and costal cartilage

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50
Q

Chondroma

A

A benign tumor derived from mesodermal cells that form cartilage

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51
Q

Polychondritis

A

Inflammation of the cartilage

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52
Q

Scapula

A

Shoulder blades

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53
Q

Clavicle

A

Collar bones, these connects the sternum to the scapula

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54
Q

Acromion

A

Extension that forms the bony point of the shoulder

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55
Q

Clavic/o

A

Combining form that means clavicle or collarbone

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56
Q

Humerus

A

The bone in the upper arm

57
Q

Radius

A

The bone that runs thumb-side of the forearm

58
Q

Ulna

A

The inner and longer bone of the forearm. Runs on the side of the little finger

59
Q

Humer/o

A

Combining form meaning arm

60
Q

Ulnar

A

Pertaining to the ulna

61
Q

Brachi/o

A

Combining form meaning arm

62
Q

Brachial

A

Relating to the arm

63
Q

Cubit/o

A

Combining form referring to the elbow or forearm

64
Q

Cubital

A

Pertaining to the elbow or forearm

65
Q

Elbow Joint

A

A joint connecting the forearm to the arm

66
Q

Mel/o

A

Combining form meaning Limb

67
Q

Om/o

A

Combining form meaning Shoulder

68
Q

Glenoid cavity

A

A depression in the lateral angle of the scapula

69
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

An autoimmune disease that causes pain, swelling and stiffness in the joints

70
Q

Shoulder

A

The junction of the clavicle, scapula and humerus where the arm connects to the trunk

71
Q

Shoulder dislocation

A

Displacement of the humerus from the scapula

72
Q

Carpals

A

Wrist bones.

73
Q

Metacarpals

A

Bones in the palm of the hand and the foot. There are five metacarpals

74
Q

Phalanges

A

These are bones in the fingers. Each finger has three, except for the thumb which has two

75
Q

Cheir

A

Refers to the hand

76
Q

Chir/o

A

Combining form meaning hand

77
Q

Carp/o

A

Combining form meaning wrist

78
Q

Dactyl/o

A

Combining form for fingers and toes

79
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome

A

Is pressure on a nerve in the wrist which causes tingling, numbness and pain in the hand

80
Q

Dactylitis

A

Is a painful inflammation of the fingers or toes

81
Q

Cervical spine

A

Makes up the neck and has 7 vertebrae.

82
Q

Thoracic spine

A

Has 12 vertebrae which the ribs attach to, larger than the cervical vertebrae

83
Q

Lumbar Spine

A

Has 5 vertebrae which makes up the lower back

84
Q

The Sacrum

A

Consists of 5 bones which are fuses or stuck together

85
Q

Coccyx

A

Is made up of 4 tiny bones, also called in the tailbone

86
Q

Vertebrae

A

The bones or segments composing the spinal column

87
Q

Spin/o

A

Combining form meaning spine

88
Q

Spondyl/o

A

Combining form for vertebra or backbone

89
Q

Lumb/o

A

Combining form meaning lower back

90
Q

Noto-

A

Prefix relating to the back

91
Q

Rachi/o

A

Root word for the spinal column

92
Q

Scoli/o

A

Combining form meaning curves or crooked

93
Q

Lumbar

A

Refers to the lower back below the thoracic vertebrae and above the sacral vertebrae

94
Q

Lumbago

A

Refers to mild to severe low back pain

95
Q

Spondylolysis

A

Is a degeneration of a vertebra

96
Q

Spondylitis

A

Is an inflammation of the synovial joints of the backbone

97
Q

Laminectomy

A

Is a surgical removal of a portion of the vertebral bone called the lamina

98
Q

Lordosis Abnormal

A

Is a concave curvature of the lower back

99
Q

Psoriatic Arthritis

A

Arthritis associated with psoriasis, affecting joints and the spine

100
Q

Scoliosis

A

Is a sideways curvature of the spine

101
Q

Pelvis

A

Sturdy ring of bones located at the base of the spine.

102
Q

Pelv/i

A

Combining form meaning pelvis

103
Q

Sacrum

A

The large triangular bone at the base o the spine which stabilizes the pelvis

104
Q

Sacr/o

A

Combining form for sacrum

105
Q

Coccyg/o

A

Combining form for Coccyx

106
Q

Coccygeal

A

Relating to the coccyx

107
Q

Cox/o

A

Combining form meaning hip

108
Q

Acetabul/o

A

Combining form meaning hip joints

109
Q

Illi/o

A

Combining form for Illium, which is the uppermost and largest bone of the pelvis

110
Q

Ischi/o

A

Combining form for Ischium, the inferior, dorsal portion of the hip bone

111
Q

Pub/o

A

Combining form for Pubis.

112
Q

Pubis

A

Is a portion of the pelvis bone

113
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

A slightly movable cartilaginous joint which occurs between the pubic bones

114
Q

Chondrosarcoma

A

A slowly growing malignant neoplasm of cartilage cells

115
Q

Femur

A

Thigh bone, longest and strongest bone in the human body

116
Q

Patella

A

Kneecap

117
Q

Tibia

A

Medial bone , weight bearing bone in the lower leg

118
Q

Fibula

A

Smaller of the lower leg bone, does not bear any weight

119
Q

Tibi/o

A

Combining form for the tibia

120
Q

Femor/o

A

Combining form meaning femoral or thigh bone

121
Q

Femoral

A

Pertaining to the thigh bone or thigh bone

122
Q

Genu

A

Term meaning knee

123
Q

Tarsals

A

The ankle bone. Seven bones in total

124
Q

Malleous

A

Bony protrusions of the ankle bones

125
Q

Talus

A

Superior ankle bone

126
Q

Calcaneous

A

The heel bones

127
Q

Tarsus

A

The bones in the ankle and the proximal part of the foot

128
Q

Tal/o

A

Combining form for the talus or ankle

129
Q

Plantar

A

Pertaining to the bottom of the foot

130
Q

Pod/o

A

Combining form for foot

131
Q

-pod

A

Suffix meaning foot

132
Q

Hallux valgus

A

A deformity of the joint connecting the big toe to the foot

133
Q

Metatarsalgia

A

Is pain in the region of the metatarsus

134
Q

Phalangists

A

Is an inflammation of the finger or toe

135
Q

Polydactyl

A

Is a congenial anomaly in the hand or foot, characterized by supernumerary digits

136
Q

Popliteal

A

Pertaining to the area behind the knees

137
Q

Tarsals

A

Pertaining to the bones of the ankle and foot

138
Q

Tarsalgia

A

Means pain in the foot

Medical Terminologies on the Skeletal System (1 decks)

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