Skeletal System 1

Question 1

the functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

support and shape
protect internal organs
allows movement and anchors muscles
stores minerals calcium and phosphorus
site of hemopoiesis creation of new blood cells

Question 2

types of bone cells

Answer 2

osteoblast they are cells that create new bone
osteoclasts that break down bone
osteocytes that are mature bone cells

Question 3

what happens at 8 weeks in an embryo

Answer 3

ossification begins minerals begin to replace cartilage forming bone

Question 4

what are fontanels

Answer 4

soft spot on a babys head

Question 5

what are five types of bone?

Answer 5

long bone
short bone
flat bone
irregular bone
sesamoid

Question 6

what are sesamoid bones?

Answer 6

small flat bones within tendons that are near joints to reduce friction

Question 7

periosteum

Answer 7

tough outside covering them

contains osteoblasts blood vessels lymph vessels and nerves

Question 8

epiphysis

Answer 8

spongy bone which contains red marrow

Question 9

medullary cavity

Answer 9

yellow bone marrow is mostly fat cells but also contains cells that form white blood cells

Question 10

where else is red marrow found?

Answer 10

ribs vertebrae sternum and cranium

Question 11

what percent of bone is calcium and phosphorus and protein in water

Answer 11

65% calcium and phosphorus

35% protein and water

Question 12

tendons

Answer 12

tough as flexible and attaches muscle to bone

Question 13

ligament

Answer 13

strong bands of tissue that holds bone to bone it’s also flexible and allows small movement between bones

Question 14

axial

Answer 14

skull,spinal cord, ribs, sternum, byoid bome

Question 15

appendicular

Answer 15

shoulder girdle, arms,legs, pelvis

Question 16

sutures

Answer 16

areas where cranial bones join

Question 17

sinuses

Answer 17

air spaces

resonating chambers foe the voice

Question 18

how many vertebraes are there?

Answer 18

26

Question 19

ribs(how many, placement)

Answer 19

are 12 pairs of ribs
the first seven are true ribs that are connected to the sternum by cartilage
the next three or false ribs that are connected to cartilage to the 7th rib
next to a floating

Question 20

what is the bottom of the sternum called?

Answer 20

xiophoid process

Question 21

causes of fractures

Answer 21

osteoporosis
high force
stress

Question 22

signs and symptoms of a fracture

Answer 22

pain due to the damage in the periosteum which have pain receptors
pressure from swelling and muscle spasms
bruising

Question 23

what is edema?

Answer 23

swelling

Question 24

what is a closed reduction

Answer 24

method of alignment without surgery consists of a splint or cast

Question 25

open reduction

Answer 25

surgical intervention with devices such as wires metal plates intramedullary rods and or screws to hold the bones in alignment

Question 26

traction

Answer 26

pulling force for the bones in place

Question 27

how do fractures heal?

Answer 27

hematoma forms and that forms fiber and protein mesh
Austin Blossom collagen which hardens the bone with calcium and phosphorus
osteoclasts remodel the bone to the original shape

Question 28

sprain?

Answer 28

ligaments are torn results in pain swelling and bruising

Question 29

strain?

Answer 29

stretching or tearing a muscle or tendon results in pain swelling and muscle spasms

Question 30

dislocation

Answer 30

bone displacement from proper position in a joint

Question 31

herniated disc

Answer 31

disc ruptures or protrudes putting pressure on spinal nerves I normally causes pain numbness and weakness in the affected limb usually in the lumbar sacral region or cervical region

Question 32

r.i.c.e

Answer 32

rest
ice
compression
elevation

Question 33

rickets

Answer 33

deficiency of vitamin D vitamin D promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphorus and is treated with calcium vitamin D and sunshine

Question 34

osteoporosis

Answer 34

80% of them are women and happens after menopause it’s loss of bone mass that leaves bones dinner for us and more prone to fractures