Skeletal, Nervous, Muscular Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of skeletal system

A

Structure, protection, blood cell production, stores minerals, assists movement.

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2
Q

Axial skeleton (def and function)

A

Includes skull, rib cage, and vertebrae. Protection, structure, blood cell production, stores minerals

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3
Q

Appendicular skeleton (def and function)

A

Arms, shoulders, legs and hips. Blood cell production, stores minerals, movement

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4
Q

3 parts of bone

A

Compact, spongy, marrow

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5
Q

Compact bone def

A

Covers outside of all bones, provides strength

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6
Q

Spongy bone def

A

Fills ends of bones, shock absorber

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7
Q

Bone marrow def

A

Red marrow- makes blood cells

Yellow marrow- fills long part of bone (fat)

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8
Q

3 connective tissues

A

Tendon, ligament, cartilage

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9
Q

Tendon

A

Connects muscle to bone

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10
Q

Ligament

A

Connects bone to bone

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11
Q

Cartilage

A

Covers end of bones, cushions and prevents friction

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12
Q

3 kinds fo joints

A

Fixed, freely moveable, slightly movable

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13
Q

Different joint types

A

Ball and socket (shoulder), hinge joint (elbow), saddle (connects finger to hand), pivot (ulna and radius), gliding (wrists),

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14
Q

How does tech body react to lack of calcium in blood level

A

Takes calcium from bones

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15
Q

Functions of muscular system

A

Movement, stability, generating heat

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16
Q

Three types of muscle

A

Skeletal, cardiac, smooth

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17
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Attached to bones, moves skeleton, voluntary, striated

18
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

In heart, pumps blood, involuntary, striated

19
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Lines internal organs, moves food, non-striated, involuntary

20
Q

Muscles work in _ and _ on bones

A

Pairs, pull

21
Q

Filament

A

Long, skinny proteins (actin and myosin)

22
Q

Muscle contraction starts with a ___

A

Signal from nervous system (action potential)

23
Q

After getting action potential, what’s the next step to muscle contraction

A

Myosin bonds to actin, makes crossbridge

24
Q

After cross bridges are made, what’s the next step to muscle contraction

A

Myosin pulls on actin, actin slides over myosin.

25
After myosin pulls on actin, what's the next step to muscle contraction
ATP energy is used to break crossbridge.
26
Functions of nervous system
Sensory input, processing, motor output
27
Central nervous system
Brain +spinal chord, processes information
28
Peripheral nervous system.
Nerves throughout system, sensory input and motor output
29
Neuron
Specialized cell in nervous system that send electrical signals throughout body
30
Dendrites
Receive incoming action potential
31
Cell body
Largest part of cell, normal cell processes
32
Axon
Action potential traveling site, like a highway
33
Myelin sheath
Insulates axon, speeds up action potential.
34
Axon terminals
Sends action potential out of cell
35
Reflex
Rapid, involuntary response to stimuli
36
Sensory neuron
Nerve cels responsible for gathering info
37
Motor neuron
Nerve cells responsible for response to stimulus
38
Action potential
Electrical signal used by nervous system
39
How do voltage gated channels work
Voltage channels open when action potential reaches, lets something in.
40
Synapse
Meeting place of two neurons
41
Neurotransmitter
Chemical that transférés action potential from 1 neuron to the next