Skeletal Flashcards
Classification of Joints
Functions of joints
hold allow
Hold bones together
Allow for mobility
Epiphyseal line
- Remains of the epiphyseal plate
- Seen in adult bones
Bone Fractures
Fracture
break
break in a bone
Homeostatic Imbalance
Osteoporosis
bone thinning, makes, vertebral collape, estrogen
Bone-thinning disease
makes bones fragile
Vertebral collapse results in kyphosis
Estrogen aids in health and normal density of a female skeleton
concentric lamallae
surround haversion canals and allows for vessels to pass through
carpals and tarsals
short bone
Bone Formation and Growth
Appositional growth
growth, controlled by which hormone
growth in diameter
Controlled by growth hormone
Classification of Joints
Two ways joints are classified
fs
Functionally – amount of movement joint allows
Structurally – type of tissue
holes are filled with _ and allow for _ and _ to pass
red bone marrow and arteries and veins
anatomy of long bone
Diaphysis
sh, makes up, composed
Shaft
Makes up most of bone’s length
Composed of compact bone
Bone Formation and Growth
Ossification
process, occurs
Process of bone formation
Occurs on hyaline cartilage models or fibrous membranes
Short bones
cube, include bones of wri,ank , ex car tar
Generally cube-shaped
Include bones of the wrist and ankle
Ex. Carpals & Tarsals
Structural Classes of Joints
Synovial Joints
articulatingB joint cavity, synovial fluid, diath
Articulating bones are separated by a joint cavity
Synovial fluid is found in the joint cavity
Diathroses
Classification of bones
long, short, flat, irregular
functions of bone
Framework
Protection
Attached skeletal muscles
Mineral & Fat storage
Hematopoiesis
ss, soft, for, cal fatC, bloodRBM
provides shape and support
for soft body organs i.e Skull –brain; rib cage - lungs
for movement
Calcium and Phosphate, fat in the internal marrow cavity
blood cell formation within red bone marrow
Repair of Bone Fractures
two: Fibrocartilage callus forms
made of. splint
made of fibrous tissue and cartilage. This acts as a splint to close up the gap which has occurred in the broken bone
Two basic types of bone (osseous) tissue
Compact bone
Spongy bone
DSH, small needle many space
Dense, smooth, and homogeneous
Small needle-like pieces of bone. Many open spaces
Microscopic Structure
Osteon (Haversian system)
unitB containing CC and MR
A unit of bone containing central canal and matrix rings
synovial joints
Four distinguishing features of synovial joints
articular, acapsule, jointC, reinforcing
Articular cartilage
Articular capsule
Joint cavity
Reinforcing ligaments
Anatomy of a Long Bone
Epiphysis
ends, composed spongy enclosed by thin
Ends of the bone
Composed mostly of spongy bone enclosed by thin layer of compact bone
Two subdivisions of the skeleton?
aa
Axial and Appendicular
Include bones of the wrist and ankle
short bone
Irregular bones
irregular sh, ex vsc
irregular shape
Ex. Vertebrae & Sacrum/Coccyx
periostium- anatomy of long bone
Perforating (Sharpey’s) fibers
secure
secure periosteum to underlying bone
Microscopic Structure
Central (Haversian) canal
opening,runs,carries
Opening in the center of an osteon
Runs lengthwise through bone
Carries blood vessels and nerves
Anatomy of a Long Bone
Marrow (medullary) cavity
cavity, contains, contains
Cavity inside the shaft
Contains yellow marrow (mostly fat) in adults
Contains red marrow for blood cell formation in infants