skeletal Flashcards

1
Q

the bones that formed the
longitudinal axis of the body

A

the axial skeleton

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2
Q

the bones of
the limbs and girdles

A

appendicular skeleton

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3
Q

parts of the skeletal system

A

joints, cartilages,ligaments and bone

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4
Q

FUNCTIONS OF THE BONES

A

Support the body
Protect soft organs
Allow movement
Store minerals and fat
Blood cell formation

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5
Q

dense and looks smooth and
homogenous

A

Compact bone:

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6
Q

composed of small needlelike
pieces of bone and lots of open space

A

Spongy bone

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7
Q

typically longer than they are wide
✓ have a shaft with heads at both end
✓ mostly compact bone

A

long bones

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8
Q

generally cube-shaped & contain mostly
spongy bone

A

short bones

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9
Q

special type of short
bone that form within tendons— best
known example is the patella

A

sesamoid bones

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10
Q

thin, flattened and usually curved
two thin layers of compact bone
sandwiching a layer of spongy bone
between them

A

Flat bones

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11
Q

bones that do not fit one of the
preceding categories

A

Irregular bones

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12
Q

a glassy hyaline
cartilage that covers the epiphysis’
external surface— provides a smooth,
slippery surface that decreases friction
at join surfaces

A

articular cartilage

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13
Q

thin line of bony tissue spanning
the epiphysis that looks a bit different
from the rest of the adult bones in that

A

epiphyseal line

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14
Q

storage for the adipose (fat)

A

yellow marrow

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15
Q

forms blood cells in infants

A

red marrow

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16
Q

forms blood cells in infants

A

red marrow

17
Q

: makes up most of
the bone’s length and is composed of
compact bone

A

diaphysis or shaft

18
Q

connective tissue fibers that secure the
periosteum to the underlying bone

A

perforating or Sharpey’s fibers

19
Q

ends of the long bone that
consists of a thin layer of compact bone
enclosing an area filled with spongy
bone

20
Q

mature bone cells

A

osteocytes

21
Q

e: tiny cavities where osteocytes
can be found

22
Q

: Complex
consisting of a central canal and matrix
rings

A

osteon or Haversian system

23
Q

: tiny canals that radiate
outward from the central canals to all
lacunae & form a transportation system
that connects all the bone cells to the
nutrient supply through the hard bone
matrix

A

canaliculi

24
Q

completes the communication pathway
from the outside of the bone to its
interior (and the central canals); run
into the compact bone at right angles to
the shaft

A

perforating (Volkmann’s) canals

25
Q

a thin layer, membrane, or plate of tissue, especially in bone.

25
Q

a thin layer, membrane, or plate of tissue, especially in bone.

26
Q

: run
lengthwise through the bony matrix, carrying
blood vessels and nerves to all areas of the
bone

A

Central canals