Skelatal unit test

Question 1

Explain the function “structural support“ in the skeletal system

Answer 1

structural support for soft tissue, including muscle and internal organs

Question 2

explain the main function in the skeletal system: Protection

Answer 2

protective cage for more delicate parts of the body (brain protected by the skull)

Question 3

explain the main function of this function of skeletal system: growth and centre for cells

Answer 3

red blood cells and platelets are made in bones

Question 4

explain the main function of this function in the skeletal system: reservoir

Answer 4

a reservoir that the body can use to regulate the level of calcium and phosphorus in the body

Question 5

explain the main function of the function of skeletal system: movement

Answer 5

Muscles attach to bones by tendons. Muscles contract and move bones to facilitate movement

Question 6

Bone classification: long

Answer 6

humerus, femur, fibula, tibia, radius, ulna, metacarpals, metatarsals, phalanges, clavicles

Question 7

Short

Answer 7

Carpals, tarsals

Question 8

Bone classification: flat

Answer 8

ribs, scapulae, sternum, ilium, cranium

Question 9

Bone classification: sesamoid

Answer 9

patella, large toe, base of thumb

Question 10

Bone classification: irregular

Answer 10

facial bones, vertebrae

Question 11

define skeletal division: Axial skeleton

Answer 11

80 bones
mainly comprised of the spine, skull, and the rib cage.

Stacked vertebrae of the spine protects the spinal cord, the cranium protect the brain, the 12 pairs of ribs protect the lungs and heart. the muscles include face muscles, tongue, neck, muscles used for chewing and drinking and around the vertebrae of the spine

Question 12

Define the skeletal division: appendicular skeleton

Answer 12

-126 bones
- includes moveable limbs and their supporting structure (girdles)

-upper limbs are attached to pectoral griddle
•consists of 2 scapulae and 2 clavicles

-lower limbs are attached to pelvic girdle
• consists of 2 sturdy hip bones

Question 13

what completes the ring of the pelvis?

Answer 13

The hipbones and the the sacrum

Question 14

what are the six major regions that appendicular skeleton can be divided to?

Answer 14

Pectoral griddle
Arms and forearm
Hands
Pelvis
Thighs and leg
Feet and ankles

Question 15

Where do most of the bodies core muscles originate from?

Answer 15

The axel skeleton
They provide the body with stability and support

Question 16

what is endochondral ossification and explain the process

Answer 16

-it is the replacement of hyaline cartilage with bone
PROCESS
-Mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondroblasts, which produce cartilage

As cartilage grows, some chondroblasts become chondrocytes by becoming surrounded in the cartilage matrix.

-Chondrocytes die, leading to the formation of a cavity, which is then invaded by blood vessels and osteoblasts, replacing the cartilage with bone.

Question 17

how do you distinguish skeletons by their gender?

Answer 17

-gender is determined by the shape of the pelvis or skull and long bone measurements

Question 18

describe the differences between a female and male skeleton (pelvis, skull, length of long bones)

Answer 18

• Female: Wider and more circular pelvic
inlet
Male: Narrow pelvic inlet

•Female: smaller brow ridges, and a rounder mandible.
Male: More pronounced brow ridges, and a squarer mandible.

•Males have longer and thicker long bones