skelatal system bones and bone tissue Flashcards
What occurs in the formation of mineralized bone matrix?
Osteoblasts form collagen and proteoglycans
In which type of bone would trabeculae be present?
cancellous bone
Which type of bone cells combine hydroxyapatite and collagen to form extracellular bone matrix?
osteoblasts
Osteoclast activity is increased by
parathyroid hormone
A connective tissue sheath around cartilage is the
perichondrium.
What is associated with osteoclast resorption of bone?
Hydrogen ions form an acid environment in bone matrix.
What are the maintenance cells in bone tissue?
osteocytes
An X-ray determines that Peter fractured the shaft of his humerus. The break is in the _____________ of the bone.
diaphysis
What type of tissue covers the ends of long bones?
articular cartilage
Bone growth at the articular cartilage is responsible for bone growth of
short bones
The type of lamellae that forms the outside surface of compact bone is
circumferential
Spaces in the bone matrix that are occupies by osteocytes are
lacunae
Some marrow of long bones is termed “yellow” marrow under normal conditions. The function of yellow marrow is to
store adipose tissue
Which of the following membranes covers the surface of a mature bone?
periosteum
which type of bone cells secrete collagenase?
osteoclasts
Lamellar bone
is organized into thin sheets of tissue
Long bones grow in length at the
epiphyseal plate
The proportion of collagen to hydroxyapatite in bone determines the
strength of the bone
How does the digestive system contribute to osteoporosis?
inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet
One effect of aging on the skeletal system is
Decreased bone matrix and decreased collagen fibers are effects of aging.
Osteoporosis is
a disease in adults, especially women, characterized by a reduced amount of bone matrix
The covering of the outer surface of bone is the
periosteum
The longitudinal growth of long bones ceases when
the epiphyseal plate is completely replaced with bone tissue.
An example of a long bone would be
the tiba
Osteomyelitis is
bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection
Brittle bone disorder is another name for
osteogenesis imperfecta
Which type of bone is considered dense bone?
compact bone
Some flat and irregular bones of the skull have air-filled spaces called
sinuses
