Sites of digestion, absorption Flashcards
Adaptations of ileum for absorption
Very long *in humans
Folded lining
Villi on folds
Microvilli on villi
Adaptation of the villi of ileum to accommodate active transport of glucose and amino acids
Surplus mitochondria
How are glucose and amino acids absorbed
Active trans and diffusion
How are fatty acids and glycerol absorbed
Diffuse through epithelium
Where do amino acids and glucose move to in absorption 3
Into capillaries》hepatic portal vein》 liver
Where do fatty acids and glycerol move to in absorption
Lacteal》lymph system》subclavian vein, enter blood
Muscularis mucosa
Thin layer off smooth muscle just under mucosa
Function of muscularis mucosa
Contractions move villi for greater contact with food= more efficient absorption
How do amino acids and glucose diff across membrane of epithelial cells
Same as in selective reabsorption
What happens to fatty acids and glycerol upon entrance into cells of epithelium
Enter SER
Recombinedd into triglycerides
Packaged into vesicles alongside cholesterol and phospholipid
Leave cells to lateral via exocytosis
What happens to excess glucose in the blood
Converted to glycogen or fat for storage
Use of lipids+ excess
Phospholipids in cell membranes, hormones or excess fat
What happens to excess amino acids
Deaminated
Regions of the colon
Caecum
Appendix
Colon
Rectum
Function of the colon
Absorb:
Water
Mineral ions
Vitamins secreted by colon microorganisms
What vitamins to microorganisms living on the colon produce and secrete
Vit K
Folic Acid
Contents of material in rectum
Residual undigested cellulose
Bacteria
Sloughed (dead) cells
