SIS Flashcards
What are the research designs?
Experimental
Observational
Qualitative
Quantitative
What are the Experimental Design essentials?
Essential:
- control group and experimental group
- hypothesis testing
- in controlled setting
What are the Observational Design essentials?
Essential:
- allows for research in natural setting
- only associations between variables
- IV is pre-existing/not manipulated
What are the Qualitative Design essentials?
Essential:
- uses words and language
- gain in-depth knowledge of topic
Saying to remember research designs?
Experimental - the design we control
Observational - the design we observe
Qualitative - the design we discuss
What are the research methods?
Objective quantitative
Subjective quantitative
Qualitative
Examples of Objective quantitative
Standardised test:
- scores have same meaning
- used the same way every time
physiological measures:
- measure of body functions
Examples of Subjective Quantitative
Rating scales:
- intensity of emotions
Examples of Qualitative
Questionaries
Surveys
Pictures
Interview responses
Open ended and general
Validity
Accuracy
Reliability
Consistency
What are the 5 ethical considerations?
Informed Consent
Voluntary Participation
Confidentiality
Right to Withdraw
Debriefing
Aspects of Animal welfare
- use of animal is justified
- avoid pain and distress
- know the correct care and maintenance of animal
Debriefing
- Occurs after experiment is finished
- researcher explains process
- answers any questions
- informs participants of any deception
Right to withdraw
- withdraw at any time without explanation
- will not incur any negative consequences
Confidentiality
- no personal information released
- Anonymity is acceptable
- Applies to storage, access, publication
Voluntary Participation
- Participants cannot be bribed, threatened, or coerced
- no negative consequences for refusal
Informed Consent
- informed of all rights, risks and aim
- first language to participants
- never involve bribery or coercion
- consent from essential
- if under 18 need parent consent
What is the definition of Behaviour?
Any observable action (to be seen) made by a living person or animal.
What is the definition of Psychology?
The study of thoughts, feeling and behaviours and the factors that influence these.
What is the definition of Hypothesis?
A statement or testable prediction about the likely results of the research.
Different types of psychologists?
Sport- Focuses on athletes
criminal- Focuses on criminals
Forensic - ……..
What factors influence Validity?
- Faulty equipment
- extraneous variables
- researchers making impossible conclusions
What factors influence Reliability?
- different participants
- conditions during data collection
- inconsistencies in repeated experiment
What are the Experimental Design advantages?
Advantage:
- easy to replicate
- most control of extraneous variables
- generalisations can be made
What are the Experimental Design disadvantages?
Disadvantage:
- not applicable to real world
- may not represent entire population
- ethical concerns
What are the Observational Design advantages?
Advantage:
- allows study of more complex aspects
- study of unethical variables
- bigger sample sizes
What are the Observational Design disadvantages?
Disadvantage:
- hard to replicate
- lack of control of extraneous variables
- observer bias can alter results
What are the Qualitative Design advantages?
Advantage:
- possible more convenient
- opinions can be expressed
- useful if little is known about topic
What are the Qualitative Design disadvantages?
Disadvantage:
- can not generalise results
- bias
- presence of observer can alter discussions
