SIR BEVS DISCUSSION Flashcards
What causes Overwt and obesity?
Biology
Environment
Medications and Wt. Gain
_____ of adolescent females report dieting in 2015 when _____ are overwt or obese (Kann et al, 2016)
60%
< 30%
Accog to Golden et al, 2016, _____ has shown to be a predictor of development of an eating d/o
dieting
are more likely to engage unhealthy dieting behaviors
overwt adolescent
the accumulation of excess fat around the midsection of the trunk vs. the hips.
Abdominal obesity
In the US, _____ of adults are overwt/ obese (CDC, 2016)
> 70%
is associated c increased mortality.
morbid obesity
Improving clinical parameters (such as improved blood sugar & lipids), can be accomplished c as little as a _____ wt. reduction (Jensen et al,
3% -5%
having more body weight than is considered normal or for a healthy individual
overweight
this is a medical condition involving excess body fat that increase the risk of health problems
obesity
What are under assessment
physical
medical hx
nutrition
motivation & readiness for change
Tx Options
a. Intervention for wt control depends on the results of the assessment
b. Population specific
c. Motivation & readiness to address wt management should be understood
near starvation to merely subtracting 500-1000 calories from an indiv baseline daily energy needs
Low Calorie Diets
Reduced Kcalorie diets result in wt loss regardless of composition
Altered fat, CHO, CHON DIETS
What medications are used for nutritional interventions
Orlistat
Lorcaserin
Naltrexone-buprion
Liraglutide
Orlistat works by causing ____ rather than absorption
excretion
term used that encompasses all types of intestinal surgeries performed to foster wt loss
bariatric
More recent term for treatments to foster wt loss
metabolic surgery
_____ can alter gut hormones associated with satiety and reduced dietary restraints
stress and lack of sleep
Calorie-balance equation
decrease in expenditure of energy but there is an increase of calorie
Imbalance
What are the advantages of metabolic surgery
Improvements in sleep apnea, hypertension, and degenerative joints
What is the disadvantage of metabolic surgery
remission of type 2 diabetes
What are the types of Surgery?
Restrictive
Restrictive/Malabsorption
reduce the size of gastric reservoir > weight loss
Restrictive
What are the procedures under restrictive surgery
Adjustable gastric banding
Vertical gastric sleeve
reduce the intestinal absorptive surfaces to foster weight loss
restrictive/malabsorption
What are the procedures under restrictive/malabsorption
Roux-en-Y
Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD)
Categorized as psychiatric illnesses
eating disorder
Physical activity recommended for school age children
1 hr per day
*less than 1/3 actually met the reco
Physical activity reco for adults
150 mins per week
clinical eating disorder diagnoses are based on the
DSM-5 criteria
Significantly low weight vs. expected for age, gender, and developmental stage resulting from energy restriction
Anorexia nervosa
characterized by habitual intake of low cost high fat foods and possible physiological adaptation to periodic hunger from lack of food
Hunger-Obesity Paradox
A BMI ____ is considered the most extreme severity classification
(Anorexia nervosa)
<15
Laboratories in Anorexia Nervosa
Usually within normal limits
(WNL)
Increase Cholesterol
Anemia
Altered thyroid function
With medication and wt. gain, what meds?
antipsychotropics meds
(cozatine) olanzapine
Normal or above normal weight, weight fluctuations
Bingeing over a short period of time with a sense of loss-of-control, followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors at least 3 times a week for 3 months
Bulimia Nervosa
What are the laboratory values of bulimia nervosa
Dehydration
Low Potassium with vomiting or
laxative abuse
Low Chloride w/chronic laxative or diuretic use
• High Bicarbonate from vomiting or chronic diuretic use
A broader term including male athletes and a wider range of symptoms associated with low energy availability.
Relative Energy Deficiency in Sports
BMI of morbid obesity
40 Bmi
Occurs when energy expenditure exceeds energy intake.
low energy availability
Consists of low energy availabilily, reduced bone mineral density, and amenorrhea.
female athlete triad
What are the three physical parameters
BMI
waist circumference
Body fat percentage
Normal sugar for Type 1 diabetes
80-130
Children sugar
90-120
Pregnant sugar
Less than 90
65 older
80-180
Normal without diabetes
70-90
Starvation
200-800 kcal per day
Anything above 800
Low calorie diet
greater than 50 % as CHO and 25-35 % as FATS
Moderate to high fat carb
< 25 % fat but high in carbs and high in fiber
Very low fat or low fat diet
an obsession with eating healthy food
Orthorexia
can happen when someone who has been malnourished begins feeding again
Refeeding syndrome
Overweight and obesity is labeled as
Epidemic
Is recommended to compensate for decreased absorption of fat soluble vit
Daily multivitamins
Orlistat is not safe for children under
12 yrs old
Eating disorder occur primarily in ___ and ___ but are found in individuals across the lifespan
Adolescents and young adults
What Neurotransmitters are involved in eating disorder
Dopamine and serotonin
Weight restoration of anorexia nervosa
0.5-1 lb per week outpatient
2-3 lb/week inpatient
Is considered the extreme severity classification of bingeing
> 14 times per week
Binge eating is associated with
Eating in secret
are molecules that provide starting materials for bioenergetic reactions, includingphosphagens (ATP and creatine phosphate), glucose, glycogen, lactate, free fatty acids and amino acids.
Energy substrates
Symptoms if female athelete triad
Eating disorder
Osteoporosis
Amennorrhea
What vitamins is recommended for anorexia nervosa
Vitamin D
if a food does not contain nutrients or if the calories from sugar and fats outweigh the nutrients found in the food
Empty calorie foods
is a type of eating disorder that is characterized by hyperphagia in the evening with 25% or more of daily caloric intake after dinner with not less than two nocturnal awakenings during the week to eat food
Night eating syndrome
