Single Poetry Essay Flashcards

1
Q

London whys

A
  • promote a revolutionary fervour within the citizen
  • criticises institution of power such as the church / monarchy who act out of self interest and fail to protect the vulnerable/ poor
  • lift a veil of complacency from the streets of London , raising awareness to systemic oppression
  • In keepring with his romantic notions of childhood, Blake promotes justice for children , victims of poverty and exploitation
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2
Q

Living space whys

A
  • expose the harsh and inhospitable living conditions, evoking a sense of empathy as well as guilt from more fortunate Western readership
  • celebrates the human capacity to endure and adapt in difficult circumstances, power of hope and faith
  • renegotiates views of those in poverty, as being worthy of awe and admiration
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3
Q

Hawk Roosting whys

A
  • encourages readersto draw parallels between the callous and viscious nature of the hawk and twentieth century dicatators
  • condemns the exploitation of power, where rulers commit acts of depravity and despotism for personal gain
  • explores how absolute powr often results in narcissm and delusions of grandeur, with leaders developing a missguided sense of invincibility
  • critises how power often strips people of their moral compass and sense of conscience, resulting in thm behaving in an animalistic, barabaric manner
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4
Q

Ozymandias whys

A
  • condemns the act of power where rulers commits acts of depravity and despotism for personal gain
  • warns against hubris and vanity, emphasising that pride often comes before a fall.
  • emphasises that human power is transitory, with nature superseeding and ultimatley obliterating all human constructs
  • in keeping with his beleif that poets are the ‘unacknowledged legislators of the world’, Shelly heralds the power of art and it’s ability to prevail when all becomes a distant memory
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5
Q

Death of a Naturalist wys

A
  • explores the inevitable transition from childhood to adulthoood, where the loss of childhood innocence is often tinged with a sense of sadness and loss.
  • exposes how a tragic exerpeince like the sudden death of his younger brother Christopher in a road traffic accident, can mar childhood memories and completley change your outlook on life
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6
Q

The prelude why

A
  • heralds the immense power and beauty of the natural world, which transcends all human constructs
  • serves as a reminder of the complex and organic relationship between man and nature, which WW felt had it’s own knowldge to offer humanity
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7
Q

To autumn

A
  • as a cathartic means to process and come to terms with his ever increasing awareness of his own mortality
  • heralds the beauty of every season in life- from birth all the way through to death
  • draws comfort from the knowledge that the cycle of life goes on, and nature will persist after our own lives come to an end
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8
Q

a wife in london

A
  • highlights the wide reaching effects of war, particulary on overlooked groups, like the wives made widows by war, for whom nothing can be said or done to ameliorate their greif
  • condemn the futile squandering of young lives in war and lament their lost futures
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9
Q

done before

sonnet 43
love

A
  • through renegotiation of the petrachen sonnet form, BB challenges the denigration of the female voice in the nineteenth century, confidently asserting her right to declare her love through poetry as a feamle writer
  • elevates love to a transcendenal level, implying that the love god has for humanity is mirrored in that lov that she feels for her husband
  • celebrates love as a transformative force, which enables her to overcome past traumas and afflictions
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10
Q

valentine
love

A
  • through the unconventional gift of an onion, Duffy rejects consumerism, materialism and performative gestures increasingly associated with valentines day
  • questions the viability of a life- long commitment and fidelity, and instead alludes to the evanscent, temporray nature of love
  • critical of romanticised, idealistic portrayals of love and relationships and instead presents love as a possessive and dangerous force, which often leads to insecurity ans obsession
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11
Q

she walks in beauty
love

A
  • pay homage to the aestheic of beauty of a female subject as well as her moral and virtious character
  • however readers may recognise that Byron appears to b projecting his desires onto the feamle subject, amking numerous assumptions about her charcatr based off her external appearance
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12
Q

done

afternoons

A
  • lamenst the loss of youth and vitality in women during the 1960s as a result of the prescriptive gender roles and societal expectations
  • critical of the negative imapct the pressure and tedium of family life and responsibilites has on relationships, reflecting his unsentimental and pessimistic views about love and marriage
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13
Q

as imperceptibly as grief
time passing

A
  • as a catharitic means to process and express her overwhemlin feeling of loss and greif
  • suggests that feelings of greif gradually soften and change over time, much like seasons that ineveitabily lapse into one another
  • suggests that loss is an irrevocable part of the natural processs of lif and human experience, over which we have no control
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14
Q

cozy apologia

A
  • emphasises how the excitment and pace of infatuation pales in comparison to the contentment brought about by a commited realtionship
  • celebrate her relationship with her husband Fred , in it’s all mundane, day to day glory
  • advocates slowing down and appreciating the minutia of life and the preciousness of realtionships we might be inclined to take for granted when caught up in the business of normal life
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15
Q

dulce et decorum est

A
  • condemn the futile squandering of young lives as a reuslt of conflict
  • refutes the glorification of war by propaganda poets such as Jessie Pope by depicting the harsh reality of war
  • exposes the life- long traumatic physical and psychological impact war has on soldiers
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16
Q

the soldier

A
  • romanticises the prospect of dying for one’s country, implying that this act of martyrdom and self sacrifice is a true horror and will be considered the ultimate act of heroism
  • by personifying Engalnd as a female figure, B appeals to the societal expectations of masculinity, promoting the view that men are responsibile for protecting and defending women
  • promotes patriotism, implying that all men and indebtd to their country and should sacrifice themselvs to preserve it
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17
Q

mametz wood

A
  • depicts the true horrors of warfare and condemn the futile squandering of young lives as a result of conflict
  • poem is elegaic in nature, serving to pay homage to the immense courage and sacrifice of the 38th Welsh division of the British army
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18
Q

already done

the manhunt

A
  • highlights the way in which our society often neglects mental healthy by prioritising addressing physical abd visible scars. He stresses the desperate need to improve our mental health provison for soldiers suffering with PTSD, for whom re-intergiation into civilian life is alreday incredibly challenging
  • places the construct of masculinity under scrutiny, stressing a vital need for validating an emotional outlet for men rather than the repression of feelings
  • rejects idealised notions of love and relationship, instead suggesting that it is endurance, resilience and commitment in th face of adversity that constitutes true love
  • reveals how the widespread effects of war can be, leaving indelible scars on relationships and families
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19
Q

death of naturalist introduction

childhood/nature

A
  • process the lamnetable and irreversible loss of childhood innocence
  • Catalysed by the tragic death of his four year old brother Christopher
  • H depicts hw his imagination coarsened and his affinity with nature was lost when he transitioned from adulthood to adolescence,
  • having gained experience of how uncontrollable and butal nature can be
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20
Q

death of a naturalist

paragraph 1, quote 1

A

adopts the voiceof his childhood self: a pure and untained vessel who passionatly explores the natural world, oblivious to the harsh realities of life
* relishes in the grotesque and unpleasant , describing the process of retting, an irish farming readition he would have been well accounted to, given his upbringing on the farm
* avoids technical term, priorising the description of the process verbs “rotted” and “festered”, visceral pleasure derived from sensory experience, rather than focussing on rationale behind the process

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21
Q

death of a naturalist

paragraph 1, quote 2

A

passion and enthusiam conveyed
* but best of all was the warm thick slobber
* onomatopoeia “slobber” , emulates the gelatinous consistancy of the frogspawn
* seen as disgusting or offensive in adulthood

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22
Q

Death of a naturalist

paragraph 1, quote 3

A

perhaps because of the
* **strong gauze **
* noun “gauze” image of a bandage, alluding to the shielded and sheltered childhood from iunpleasnatness

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23
Q

death of a naturalist

paragraph 2, quote 1

A
  • verb “burst” foreshadowing how the bubble of childhood innocence will soon burst and taint his passion for the natural world
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24
Q

death of a naturalist

paragraph 2, quote 2

A

“fill jampots of jellied specks”
* sense of authority an control of nature within childhood

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25
Q

death of a naturalist

paragraph 2, quote 3

A

curiosty and intrigue
* boats about ““miss walls”,
* an authoritive figure who represents his childhood faith in the absolute authority and knowledge of adults

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26
Q

death of a naturalist

paragraph 2, quote 4

A

account of frog is simplified
* frogs are anthropomorphised “mammy” and “daddy”, to make facts more accesible to children
* Facts are ommited and altered, emphasising the way adults attempt to prolong the period of childhood innocence

27
Q

death of a naturalist

paaragraph 3, quote 1

A

second stanza marks the loss of childhood innocence, as the tone shifts from enchnatmnet with nature to disillusionment as he is no longer sheltered from the harsh realities of nature
* semantic field of war “angry frogs” ,”posied like mud grenades”, seeking “vengance”
* no longer at peace with nature and doesn’t feel at ease around it

28
Q

death of a naturalist

paragrpah 3, quote 2

A
  • personification “kings”
  • new power heirachy nature overpowers humans
  • as he grows up nature ceases to inspire awe and wonder in him and inatead leaves him in a state of terror
  • direct consequence of the traumatic loss of his brother, heightened awarness of his own mortality, so naivety has been replaced with new awareness of dangerous and terifying world
29
Q

death of a naturalist

paragrpah 3, quote 3+4

A
  • spawn would clutch it
  • juxtaposing memories of collecting frogspawn within a nightmarish image of entrapment
  • meticular title “death of a naturalist” loss of childhood innocence, completely altering his appreciation of nature
  • overall exposes how a tragic exerpeince like the sudden death of his younger brother Christopher in a road traffic accident, can mar childhood memories and completley change your outlook on life
30
Q

london intro

(place)

A
  • incite a spirit of revloutionary fervour within London
  • Written 4 years after the french revolution, Blake hoped to emulate the same thing within England
  • London in a state of physical and moral degradation, Blake strove to lift a veil of complacency from it’s citizens to the degeneration and suffering around them
  • as well as condemining the institutions of power that failed in their duty to protect and support those in need within London
31
Q

London

paragraph 1, quote 1

A

Blake creates a sense of restriction and control within his enviroment
* diacope “charter’d”
* *18th century process of co-operation wnership of effectivley transfering public land to private hands *, mostly owned by upper class
* mocking tone “chater’d Thames”, juxtaposion between natural contructs, extent of limitations and constraints places within london

32
Q

london

paragraph 1, quote 2

A
  • determiner “every”, suggest that suffering is universal through out london, no one is exept from the suffering
  • widespread suffing
  • highlighting the systematic oppresion
33
Q

london

paragrpah 1, quote 3

A
  • structure: lack of line length variation, regular quadrants, regular rhyme scheme
  • mirrors the oppression and restrictions, lack of freedom
34
Q

london

paragraph 2, quote 1

A

blake offers a damning depcition of the corrupt institutions of power within society
* “chimney sweepers cry”
* children with the 18th century offered meagre prospects: one of which was hcimney sweeping
* verb **“cry “ **, suffering due to exploitation at the hands of th eupper class wihtin london
* enjambment , suffering is ongoing
* in keeping with his romnatic notions of childhood, Blake promotes justice for the children of London, many of whom were victims of poverty and exploitation

35
Q

london

paragraph 2, quote 2

A
  • blackning church
  • “church” virtue, purirty and morality juxtpoased with adjcective “blackning”, connotations of corruption within the church
  • failure to adhere to biblical techings anf heelp those in nee
  • critises instiutions of power such as goverment and churchwho act out of self intrest and fail in their duty to protect the vunerable and afflicted in London
36
Q

london

paragraph 2, quote 3

A
  • soldier’s sigh runs in blood down palace walls
  • “sigh” a sense of exasperation , conveying the futility of tehir purpose and death
  • palace walls, hide the monarchy, failure to take any responsibility of the suffering around them as they rae hidden by the palace walls
37
Q

london

paragraph 3, quote 1

A
  • Establishes the state of moral perversity of London in 1817, and blakes desperation for change and sociale uphevel
  • youthful harlots
  • “youthful”, sense of innocene and naivity
  • juxtaposed “harlots” are dishonour and sinful
  • the juxtaposion creates a sense of pity fo rthem as they are so vunerable thta they have to take such desperate measures for surviva;. Iluustrating how endemic poverty is within LOndon
  • reveals his disdain towads the exploitation of children in london, who lose their innocence to the hardship of povety and forced child labour.
38
Q

london

paragraph 3, quote 2

A
  • “blasts …. the new born”
  • new born symbolic of the future generations of London
  • “blasts” negative connocations,
  • corruption and disorder will continue if a change and revolution isn’t incited
39
Q

london

paragraph 3, quote 3

A
  • acrostic element “hear”
  • and repeated incovation to hear
  • blake strives to life a veil of complacency from the citezens of london, raising awarness of the systematic oppresion prevalent within the city
40
Q

living space intro

A
  • expose the harsh and inhospitable living conditions endured by the inhabitants of the Dharvai slum of mumbai
  • divides her time between London, wales and Mumbai
  • exposure to rnage of places, may contribute to feelings of injustice when comparing the disparity of wealth and opportunity of the developing world compared to the developed world
  • However, in spite of the poverty and limitations of the enviroment, celebrates th ehuman capacity to endure and adapt to difficult situations, focussing on the power of hope and faith
  • depicts Dharavi as a place abundnat with resiliant and courage, stressing that it’s inhabitanats are worthy of awe and admiration in addition to pity
41
Q

living space

paragrap 1, quote 1

A
  • depicts the harsh libing conditions endured by the inhabitants of the Mumbai slum, conveyng a sense of dislocation and and irregularity
  • through inconsitent rhyme scheme and line length
  • graphic representation of the uneven construction of the shanty dwellings in Mumbai
42
Q

living space

paragraph 1, quote 2

A
  • desperation conveyed through the personfication of nails which “clutch at open seams”,
  • along side allierative phrase “beams balance crookedly”, serve to create precarious sense of balance, indicative of the dangerous conditions within the slum
43
Q

living space

paragraph 1 quote 3

A
  • however despite this, the tone of the poem remians hopeful and optimistic , with the untsable building
  • “leaning dangerously towrads the miraculous”
  • juxtaposition of the buildings “dangerously” on the verge of collapse and “the miraculous”
  • as a result of their faith in divine goodness, the inhabitants are able to overcome challenges posed by their physical surroundings
44
Q

living space

paragraph 2, quote 1

A
  • “there are just not enough”
  • grappling with language in an attempt to find words that will adequetly capture and convey the living conditions and experiences of the inhabitants of the slum
  • “enough” physical need and sufficnecy
  • as a documentary producer, dharker would have wanted to share first hand experiences with others and so…
  • Dharkers empahsis on hope and opitmism of the inhabitants of the Dharavi slum throughout the poem serves to make the reader reflect on their own attitudes and level of gratitide towards their own circumstances, perhaps even suggesttinf that these people are “living” more fufilling lives than others with oestensibly pfrerable living conditions as a consequence of their enduring sense of hope
45
Q

living space

paragraph2, quote 2

A
  • certainly the poem has a tone of admiration towards the inhabitants who are demonstrably creative and resourceful within the given place that they have
  • activley “gathering the light” and “squeezing” space into domestic places, as stimulated by the irregular line length of the second stanza which is forced in between the first and third stanza
46
Q

living space

paragrph 3, quote 1

A
  • despite the vunerability of these people because of their living conditions, as sugested in the symbolism of the eggd with their delicate and fragile shells it is clear that their spiritual conviction enables them to transcend their lmitations of their physical enviroment represented by the “dark edge”
47
Q

living space

paragraph 3, quote 2

A
  • slanted universe
  • uneven distribution of wealth within India as well as across the world
  • within mumbai Dharvai is located next to the private residence of Mukesh Ambani: the richest man in asia
  • condeming the desparity of wealth across the world
48
Q

the prelude

intro (nature)

A
  • heralds the immense power and beauty of the natural world which transcends all human constructs and understanding
  • reflecting on feelings of awe and wonder that he experienced as a child at play in nature.
  • As such WW strives to inspire his readers to revert back to a more pure and childlike appreciation of the natural world
  • This may have been partciularly important to wordsoworth, given that the rise of the industrial revolution meant that many people were becoming alienated from the natural world as they moved to towns and cities
  • Poem serves as a reminder of the complex and organic relationship between man and nature, which WW felt had it’s own knowledge to offer to humanity

autobiographical poems

49
Q

the prelude

paragrap 1, quote 1

A

the poem begins with a reminiscent, nostalgic tone, as WW relays his childhood memories playing outisde in the Lake district
* “cottage an image of the warmth and coziness, representitve of human constructs

50
Q

the prelude

paragraph 1, quote 2

A

However the natural world is clearly presented as more exciting and alluding
* “for i heed not the summons”
* personal revolt against the pericieved tyranny of the domestic sphere
* noun “summons” reference to the mundane life of the restrictions indorrs , which he rejects triumphantly, (also industrial revolution)

51
Q

the prelude

p1, quote 3

A

heightened appreciation of the natural world, compares the expereince of his friends to his own experience of “rapture”
* nature feelings of intense joy and euphoria
* an intensity that suggest that he feels connected to nature on a spiritual level

52
Q

the prelude

P1, Quote 4

A

further reinforced through the “epic form”
* traditionally deals with the extraordinaru and super human
* in doing so, elevates the status of nature
* WW empahsies that nature is worth of celebration and awe, in spite of the fact that it is often ignored and underappreciated

53
Q

the prelude

P2, quote 1

A
  • energetic verb “wheel’d”
  • emphasises the pace and exubernace of his games
  • nature is an energising source
  • perhaps nature provided such a profound experince for WW, as it allowed an escape from his despondant home life, as a result of him being an orphan
54
Q

the prelude

p2, quote 2

A
  • similie “like an untir’d horse”
  • verb “untir’d” suggests a defince to constraint
  • feelings of liberatance na dindependance
  • echoin his pride in resisting the “summons” of domesticity
55
Q

the prelude

p2, quote 3

A
  • sibilance “we hiss’d along the polish’d ice”
  • immersifies the reader, mimicing the sounds of the blades on ice
  • brinign a vivid and joyous image of children playing at mind
  • unaware to the perilous dangers of falling benath the ice
  • ww able to recollect the mmemory so easily, empahsing the formative impact his powerful affinity with the natural world had on him
56
Q

the prelude

p3, quote 1

A

tone becomes increasingly sinister towards the end of the poem, as the natural world is presnted as less benevolent and passive at this point in the poem
* gentle and unthreatning childish sound “tinkled”
* auditory language chnaging
* ominous sounding “alien sounds of melancholy
* symbolic of his growing awaress of the extreme natural forces of life and death and the overwhelming power of nature

57
Q

the prelude

p3, quote 2

A

perosnification of nature
* “sent” the sound
* nature is no longer a passive canvas on which human can act, but an active and aware force with wisdom to offer to humanity

58
Q

the prelude

p3, quote 3

A

orange sky of evening died away
* “died” symbolic of the inevitable transition between irrepresible hcildhood joy and adulthood
* is confotnted from the knowlege that the sun will rise again
* nature depicted as a complex and immoral force with superioty over humanity
* implores readers to acknowlege and celebrate the beauty and knowlege that nature has to offer to humans throughout their lives, ratherthan becoming diconncetd from nature in adulthood

59
Q

as impercetibly as greif

intro

A
  • as an act of catharsis to process and express the overwhelming feelings of greif
  • By socially withdrawing herself and secluding herself from society, had a lack of exposure to the outside world and coping mechnanisms,
  • perhpas why she has a supressed and copious take on grief
  • However despite her mutiple reoccurances with death and trauma, through the increasingly optimistic Volta, Dickenson alludes to the eventual acceptance of grief
60
Q

cozy apologia

intro

A

auto biographical poem
* celebrate her love for her husband fred; hoever unconventionally chooses to focus on the mundane and domestic aspects of their relationships
* Rejects the unrealsitic, fantastical notions of love, she asserts that true love has little to do with unbridle passion or grand romantic gestures;
* instead is displayed in the understated day to day acts, within a mature , stable relationship- the rewards of which are deeper and richer than anything romantic fanatsy can afford
* Having being forced to stay at home due to Hurricane Floyd
* Advocates slowing doen and appreciating the minutia of life and the preciousness of relationships we might be inclined to take for granted and overlook when caught up in the hectiness of our normal schedules

61
Q

cozy apologia

P1, Quote 1

A

love for fred is all consuming
* **i could pick anything and think of you **
* fred is never far from her thought
* a testiment to the power of their love

62
Q

cozy apologia

p1, quote 2

A

cliches of romantic fiction show her adoration for Fred
a hero…astride a dappeled mare ready to defend her from “the enemy
* an image of saftey and security within the relationship , confidence within Fred

63
Q

cozy apologia

p1, Q3

A

second stanza develops an awarness of the incompatibilty of this cliched and romanticised hero with the mundane and every day relaties of life in america 1990
* metaphor
* post-post modern age of ever advancing technology
* emphaised through diacope of “post”
* practical and pragmatic tone
* we should re-evaluate our romantic ideals and stop rather than fixating on the fantastical and unrealistic