Single Pilot Resource Management Flashcards
Define: Single Pilot Resource Management
Managing all resources available to a single pilot to ensure the successful outcome of the flight
What skills are necessary for effective SRM?
Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM) Risk Management (RM) Task Management (TM) Controlled Flight into Terrain Management (CFIT) Situational Awareness (SA)
What practical application provides a pilot with an effective method to practice SRM?
5 P Checklist
- the Plan
- the Plane
- the Pilot
- the Passengers
- the Programming
Explain the use of the 5 P Checklist
Plan- weather, route, fuel, etc. Plane- mechanical status, currency Pilot- IMSAFE checklist Passengers- pilots/non-pilots, nervous, new, etc. Programming- autopilot, GPS, etc.
When should a pilot use the 5 P Checklist?
Pre-flight Pre-takeoff Hourly or halfway through the flight Pre-descent Approach All emergencies
Define: Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM)
Systematic approach to the mental process to constantly determine the best course of action in response to a set of circumstances.
What are the steps of ADM?
Define the problem
Choose a course of action
Implement the decision
Evaluate the outcome
What 2 models are used when practicing ADM?
DECIDE
3 P
What are the elements of the DECIDE for ADM?
Detect a change needing attention Estimate the need to react to the change Choose the most desirable outcome Identify actions to control the change Do something to adapt to the change Evaluate the effect of the action taken
What are the elements of the 3P Model for ADM?
Perceive - what could hurt me, my passengers, or my aircraft
Process - consequences, alternatives, reality of the situation, external pressures (CARE)
Perform - determine the best course of action
How is the 3P model different from the DECIDE checklist?
The 3P process is a continuous look of the pilot’s handling of hazards.
The DECIDE checklist focuses on particular problems needing a solution.
What are the 5 hazardous attitudes and antidotes?
Anti-authority : follow the rules Impulsivity : think first, not so fast Invulnerability : it could happen to me Macho : taking changes is foolish Resignation : I'm not helpless
Define: Risk Management
Decision making process used to identify hazards, assess the degree of risk, and determine the best course of action.
How can the PAVE checklist help assess an in-flight risk?
Pilot- general health, currency, proficiency
Aircraft- airworthiness, equipment, capabilities
enVironment- weather, terrain, airports
External pressures- meetings, desire to impress
Define: Personal Minimums
Limits that are unique to an individual pilot based on current level of experience and proficiency.
IMSAFE checklist
Illness Medication Stress Alcohol Fatigue Eating
Define: Task Management
The process by which pilots manage the many concurrent tasks that must be performed to safely and efficiently operate the aircraft.
What are several options a pilot can employ to decrease workload and avoid becoming overloaded?
Stop
Think
Slow Down
Prioritize
What phrase can a pilot use to prioritize tasks and avoid overload situations?
Aviate, Navigate, Communicate
How can tasks be performed efficiently without causing a distraction while flying?
By planning, prioritizing, and sequencing tasks.
Why do we use checklists?
It helps ensure that critical items necessary are not overlooked or forgotten.
What are the 2 common methods for using checklists?
Do-verify (one pilot)
Challenge-do-verify (two pilots)
What are some errors that can occur when using a checklist?
Items missed due to a distraction Items incorrectly performed Using the wrong checklist Too much time with head down Emergency checklist not readily available
What are the recommended methods for managing checklist accomplishment?
Touch/point at each control
Verbally state desired status of items
When done announce “___ checklist complete”
Define: Immediate Action Items
Actions that must be accomplished so fast that a checklist cannot be used until the situation is under control.
Define: Situational Awareness (SA)
The accurate perception and understanding of all the factors and conditions within the 4 fundamental risk elements (PAVE) that affect safety before, during, and after flight.
Elements inside and outside the aircraft that must be considered to maintain SA?
Inside- status of aircraft systems, pilot, and passengers
Outside- awareness of where the aircraft is in relation to terrain, traffic, weather, and airspace.
What factors can reduce SA?
Fatigue Distractions Unexpected events Complacency High workload Inoperative equipment
A majority of CFIT accidents happen bacause …?
Lack of pilot currency Loss of SA Pilot distractions Failure to comply with minimum safe altitudes Insufficient planning
