Simulation Drugs Flashcards
What type of drug is metoclopramide and how does it work?
Metoclopramide is an antiemetic.
It prevents nausea and vomiting by blocking the receptors in the body that trigger nausea and vomiting
it also tightens and strengthens the lower esophageal sphincter (muscle that connects esophagus to stomach) and stops stomach acid and contents going up
Side effects and adverse effects of Metoclopramide?
Side effects include:
headaches, dizziness, restlessness, trouble sleeping
Adverse effects include:
anaphylaxis, jaundice, sudden uncontrolled spasms, neuropletic malignant syndrome
Metoclopramide contraindications?
codeine - can reduce the effectiveness of metoclopramide
anxiolytics - metoclopramide blocks dopamine, anxiolytics stimulate dopamine
metoclopramide precautions?
allergies, don’t take if you have epilepsy, pregnant
what type of drug is amoxicillin and clavulanic acid and how does it work?
Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid is an antibiotic.
It works by killing the bacteria in the body causing infection and stops bacteria from forming on cell walls.
Clavulanic acid stop the bacteria from breaking down amoxicillin making it stronger.
Side effects and adverse effects of Amoxiclav?
Side effects:
headaches, nausea, heartburn, tiredness/weakness
Adverse effects:
fever, sever diarrhoea, seizures, anaphylaxis, bleeding (hematuria, hemoptysis)
Amoxiclav contraindications?
Birth control (contraception) - antibiotics can decrease hormone levels which decreases the effectiveness of birth control
warfarin - increases bleeding
Amoxiclav precautions ?
allergies, birth control effectiveness, kidney/liver function, pregnant
What is insulin for and how does it work?
Insulin is for those with diabetes.
It is an insulin replacement to control blood glucose levels and can lower BGL.
it’s used for those with type 1 who can’t produce insulin or those with type 2 when treatment isn’t working well
Insulin side effects and adverse effects?
side effects:
weight gain, headache, injection site reaction (lipodystrophy)
adverse effects:
sever hypoglycaemia, hypokalemia (low potassium), anaphylaxis, heart failure
What is lipodystrophy ?
abnormal distribution of fat in the body - can be caused by constantly injection subq injections into the same area
insulin contraindications?
aspirin: increases hypoglycaemia
fluoxetine (antidepressant): increase hypoglycaemia
insulin precautions ?
allergies, injection site (lipodystrophy)
What is Panadeine Forte and how does it work ?
Panadeine forte is paracetamol and codeine. it is a s4 analgesic.
It works by stopping pain signals from being transmitted to the brain. it interacts with receptors in the brain to form pain relief, relaxation and contentment making it an addictive drug.
Side effects and adverse effects of panadeine forte?
side effects: constipation, nausea, dizziness, stomach pain, drowsiness
adverse: allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
