Simu 2 text Flashcards

1
Q

Finite rate of increase is LAMBDA. What is it

A

Nₜ₊₁ / Nₜ

Nₜ₊₁ is population size at one time

Nₜ is population size in previous step

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2
Q

The generalized version of the finite rate of increase is the ________ _______ model.

A

geometric

population

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3
Q

What is the formula of the geometric population growth model? When does it apply?

A

Nₜ = N₀λᵗ

For “Discrete reproduction” Organisms that have one distinct period of reproduction each year usually with unlimited resources.

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4
Q

anadromous fish means

A

born in fresh water, live in saltwater, come back to freshwater to breed

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5
Q

What is exponential growth equation? When does it apply?

A

Nₜ = N₀eʳᵗ

where r = ln(λ)

Applies to continuously reproducing populations

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6
Q

what does symbol of r stand for

A

intrinsic growth rate (how fast population rate is changing rn)

and/or

per capita growth rate

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7
Q

r maximum or rmax represents

A

Maximum intrinsic growth rate, where species is growing to the max in perfect conditions

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8
Q

per capita growth rate

A

rate of additional individuals being added to clurb per individual already in clurb

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9
Q

Doubling time

A

td = 0.693/r

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10
Q

replacement level

A

rate of production that offsets mortality to maintain a population size

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11
Q

relationship of intrinsic growth rate and per capita rate

A

they r the same but intrinsic is for constant growth rate and per capita isnt

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12
Q

what is carrying capacity and symbol

A

“K” for the maximum number of individuals that a environment can support

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13
Q

Logistic growth is when __ ______ rate increases then slows down to no growth creating an _________ ________

A

per capita

S shape

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14
Q

Logistic growth equation is _______ where constant __ is ______ _____ and constant _ is _______ _______

A

dN/dt = rN(1- N/K)

N is population size

K is carrying capacity

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15
Q

when population size (N) equals carrying capacity (K), dN/dt will be

A

zero (population size stops changing

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16
Q

when does logistic growth population grow fastest

A

medium (half) size

17
Q

the per capita growth rate of a logistic growth population is is highest when

A

smallest population size

18
Q

what is density dependant factors? 3 examples

A

Factors that have an impact that is dependant on population size.

  • disease
  • predation
  • food
19
Q

intraspecific competition

A

members of same population compete for LIMITED resources

20
Q

biotic and abiotic

A

living and non living

21
Q

If population size only change based on birth and death, r is calculated as

22
Q

Immigration and emigration (definition and formula)

A

coming in

leaving

r = b - d + i - e

23
Q

Source-sink system

A

when a steady population (source) emigrates to rescue nearby unstable/smaller populations (sink)

24
Q

patch extinction rate is

A

chance that population occupying the patch will go extinct per unit of time

25
patch extinction rate formula
patch extinction rate = 0.5/T₁/₂
26
metapopulation
spatially distinct subpopulations of the same species connected through dispersal. The entire population is alive, but sometimes certain subpopulations can be extinct.
27
metapopulation equation
dP/dt = cP(1-P)-eP
28
Populations in patch dynamics are assumed to go extinct at some constant
e
29
Colonization patches is affect by
Fraction of currently occupied patches (P) Fraction of empty patches (1-P)
30
environmental stoichasity
random variations in resources, environment, weather etc that causes fluctuations in population growth rate
31
demographic stoichasity
population determined by birth and death rate
32
allee effect is the ______ correlation between _________ ____ and __________________________. What does this mean?
Positive population size per capita growth rate - Smaller population leads to lower birth rate and higher death rate REGARDLESS of other factors
33
Patch
spatially distinct population
34