simplified dental anomalies Flashcards
Supernumeraries
1.5-3/5%
Males 2:1
Maxilla
Cleidocranial dysplasia
Japan
Microdontia
2.5%
F>M
Peg shaped laterals
Macrodontia
<1% single
0.1% generalised
Root anomalies
Short root anomaly
Dentine dysplasias
Radiotherapy
Accessory roots
Enamel anomalies
Amelogenesis imperfecta
Environmental enamel hypoplasia
Local enamel hypoplasia
AI frequency
1 in 14,000
AI genetic
Autosomal dominant, recessive and X-linked
AI types
Hypoplastic - crystals fail to grow to correct length
Hypomineralised - crystals grow to correct length but not correct width or thickness
Hypomaturational - normal length, incomplete thickness, width and mineralisation
Mixed with taurodontism
Diagnosis of AI
FH
All teeth, both dentitions
No change in radiolucency between enamel and dentine
Occult abscess
Affects size structure and colour
Biology behind AI
Enamel formation needs transcription of genes for crystal growth and mineralisation
Gene mutations in amelogenin, enamelin and kallikrein 4
AI problems
Sensitivity
Caries and acid susceptibility
Poor aesthetics
Poor OH
Delayed eruption
AOB
AI treatment
Enhanced prevention
Composite restorations
FS
Metal or ceramic onlays
SS crowns
Ortho
Systemic disorders associated with enamel defects
Down’s syndrome
Porphyria
Pigmentii incontinenti
Prader-Willi
Dentine anomalies
Dentinogenesis imperfecta
Dentine dysplasia
Odontodysplasia
Systemic disturbance
Dentine dysplasia
Normal crown morphology
Amber radiolucency
Pulp obliteration
Short constricted roots
Odontodysplasia
Localised arrest in tooth development
Larga pulp
Thin enamel and dentine
Ghost teeth
DI types
Type I - osteogenesis imperfecta associated
Type II - autosomal dominant
Brandywine
DI diagnosis
Appearance
FH
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Both dentitions all teeth
Radiographically - bulbous crowns, obliterated pulps
Enamel loss
Occlusal abscess
DI problems
Aesthetics
Caries and acid susceptibility
Occult abscess
POOR PROGNOSIS
DI treatment
Enhanced prevention
Composite restorations
Overdentures
SS crowns
Removable prostheses
Hereditary dentine defects limited to dentine
Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II
Dentine dysplasia I and II
Fibrous dysplasia of dentine
Hereditary dentine defects associated with general disorder
Ehlers Danlos
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Rickets
Hypophosphatasia
Cementum anomalies
Cleidocranial dysplasia - hypoplasia of cellular component of cementum
Hypophosphatasia - hypoplasia or aplasia of cementum causing early loss of primary teeth
Anomalies causing delayed eruption
Malnutrition
Low birth weight, pre term
Downs, cleidocranial dysplasia
Gingival hyperplasia - pseudo
Anomalies causing premature exfoliation
Trauma
Following pulpotomy
Hypophosphatasia
Cheddar-Higashi syndrome
Anomalies causing delayed exfoliation
Infra occlusion
Hypodontia
Ectopic permanent successor
Following trauma
