Simple machines & simple kinetics

Question 1

Define, identify, & calculate mechanical advantage of a simple machine (pulley and levers)

Answer 1

Mechanical Advantage (MA) is how much force out (Fo) you get, relative to the force input (Fi).
- Goal: Decrease input force needed to make the task easier for us to complete – does not change the work done.

Levers:
- 5 parts to a lever:
- Effort/Load Arms
- Fulcrum
- Effort/Load Forces
- Where l is the length of the lever arm, and F is the force on that particular lever arm – lo, li , and Fo, Fi denotes output (load) or input (effort)
- There are more than one set up of lever systems.
- MA > 1, indicating more output (load) force relative to input (effort) force
- When MA < 1, advantage is for increased distance and/or speed at expense of greater force input.

-Forces on a rope are called tension force
(FTension= T = FT)

MA = 2 (50N)(3m)=(100N)(1.5m)
The total force needed to input (Fi) into the system is multiplied by the number of pulleys to give output force (Fo).
Work energy conserved
- Decrease d W is
done over to decrease F needed

Question 2

Identify lever classes, and which lever classes requires more or less input force relative to load.

Question 3

Identify and understand basics of muscle fiber structure from a macro to sarcomere level.

Question 4

Be able to identify what type of lever system certain joint/muscle arrangements in the body is.

Question 5

Understand how to calculate net applied forces and torques to the human body in static equilibrium, and non-static equilibrium scenarios to solve for unknown variables