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Science > Simple Machines > Flashcards

Simple Machines Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a second class lever

A

When the fulcrum is closer to the load force than the effort force

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2
Q

What is a third class lever

A

When the fulcrum is closer to the effort force than the load force

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3
Q

What is a first class lever

A

When the fulcrum is between the load force and the effort force

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4
Q

3 examples of simple machines with a mechanical advantage of >1

A

Hammer. Screw driver. Ramp

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5
Q

3 examples of simple machines with a mechanical advantage of

A

Hockey stick. Baseball bat. Garden rake

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6
Q

A simple machine with a mechanical advantage of 1

A

Fixed pulley

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7
Q

What are The 6 simple machines

A

Lever. Wedge. Inclined plane. Pulley. Wheel and axle. Screw

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8
Q

What is a lever

A

A rigid bad supported that is supported at one point

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9
Q

What are the 3 classes of levers

A

1st class. 2nd class. 3rd class

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10
Q

What is always the mechanical advantage of a 3rd class lever

A
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11
Q

How to find the IMA of a lever

A

Length of the input arm/length of the output arm

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12
Q

What is a pulley

A

A grooved wheel with a rope or cable looped around it

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13
Q

What is the IMA of a fixed pulley

A

1

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14
Q

What is the IMA of a moveable pulley

A

2

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15
Q

What is the IMA of a pulley equal to?

A

The number of support ropes

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16
Q

What is a wheel and axle

A

It is made of a shaft (axle) that is attached to a larger disc (wheel)

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17
Q

When is the IMA of a wheel and axle greater than 1

A

When an input force acts on the wheel and then output force is provided by the axle

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18
Q

When the input force is applied to the wheel, how do u get the IMA

A

Divide the radius of the wheel by the radius of the axle

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19
Q

When the input force is closer to the centre of the axle than the output force, what is the IMA

A
20
Q

What is an inclined plane

A

A sloping surface on which an object can move on

21
Q

What does an inclined plane do

A

It increases the distance an object has to move but reduces the force needed to move it

22
Q

How do u find the IMA of an inclined plane

A

Divide the length of the ramp by the height

23
Q

What is a screw

A

An inclined plane wrapped around a rod

24
Q

What is the thread of a screw

A

A continuous inclined plane

25
Q

How do u find the MA of a screw

A

The difference between the length of the rod and the length of the thread

26
Q

What is a wedge

A

An inclined plane that travels through an object

27
Q

What are 2 factors that can change the MA of a wedge

A

It’s length and its thickness

28
Q

What is a mechanism

A

2 or more simple machines working together

29
Q

What is efficiency

A

It measures the useful work done by the machine compared to the work needed to operate it

30
Q

What do highly efficient machines have less of and what do they produce less of

A

Friction and heat from friction

31
Q

How do u calculate efficiency

A

Useful output work x 100% divided by the input work

32
Q

Example of a 1st class lever

A

Paint can

33
Q

Example of a 2nd class lever

A

Wheelbarrow

34
Q

Example of a 3rd class lever

A

Rake

35
Q

Example of a pulley

A

Elevator

36
Q

Example of a screw

A

Lightbulb

37
Q

Example of a wheel and axle

A

Wheelchair

38
Q

Example of an inclined plane

A

Ramp

39
Q

Example of a wedge

A

Doorstop

40
Q

Examples of a mechanism

A

Scissors and wheelbarrow

41
Q

What is mechanical advantage

A
  • how much faster and easier a machine makes you work

- the number of times a machine multiplies your effort force

42
Q

What does MA do

A
  • increases the distance over which a force is applied
  • it changes the direction of a force
  • it increases the force that can be applied to an object
43
Q

What do simple machines control

A

Force and direction

44
Q

What is a machine

A

Any mechanical system that reduces the force needed to accomplish work

45
Q

What is a block and tackle pulley

A

A pulley with at least one moveable pulley and at least one fixed pulley

Science (6 decks)

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