Similarities and Differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Question 1

differences in size?

Answer 1

prokaryotic cells:
- tiny (0.2 - 10 μm)

eukaryotic cells:
- bigger (10 - 100 μm)

Question 2

differences in organelles membrane

Answer 2

prokaryotic cells:
- no membrane bound organelles

eukaryotic cells:
- membrane bound organelles

Question 3

differences in division

Answer 3

prokaryotic cells:
- division by binary fission

eukaryotic cells:
- division by binary fission, mitosis or meiosis

Question 4

differences in cell wall

Answer 4

prokaryotic cells:
- cell wall with peptidoglycan

eukaryotic cells:
- cell wall of cellulose or chitin

Question 5

differences in dna placement

Answer 5

prokaryotic cells:
- DNA in nucleoid - no nuclear membrane
- can have plasmids

eukaryotic cells:
- DNA in nucleus
- does not have plasmids

Question 6

differences in dna qualities

Answer 6

prokaryotic cells:
- DNA is circular and naked

eukaryotic cells:
- DNA is linear and associated with histone proteins

Question 7

differences in flagella

Answer 7

prokaryotic cells:
- flagella rotate

eukaryotic cells:
- flagella bends laterally

Question 8

differences in ribosomes

Answer 8

prokaryotic cells:
- smaller 70S ribosomes

eukaryotic cells:
- larger 80S ribosomes

Question 9

differences in amount of cells

Answer 9

prokaryotic cells:
- all unicellular

eukaryotic cells:
- unicellular or multicellular

Question 10

similarities

Answer 10

• essential processes of life
• structures common to all cells: ribosomes, DNA, cell membrane, cytoplasm