Signs + Symptoms Flashcards
1
Q
What features would make you suspect ADPKD?
A
- Secondary HTN
- FH
- Recurrent kidney and urinary infections
- Palpable polycystic kidneys
2
Q
What are the features of acute glomerulonephritis/post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
A
- Type 3 hypersensitivity - immune complexes
- Haematuria
- Proteinuria
- Oliguria
- Peripheral oedema/periorbital oedema
- Increased BP
- Usually occurs ~2 weeks after skin infection (impetigo) or 3-6 weeks after throat infection (pharyngitis)
3
Q
What are the features of IgA nephropathy?
A
- Most commonly bloody urine 1-3 days after onset of URTI (or UTI or gastroenteritis)
- Erythrocytes + mild proteinuria - urinalysis
4
Q
What is the presentation of HSP?
A
- Purpuric rash (typically starts on bum, moves to legs)
- Flitting poly arthritis, abdo pain (GI bleeding)
- Nephritis
5
Q
What is the presentation of anti-GBM disease (good pastures)?
A
- Renal disease (oliguria/anuria, AKI, haematuria, renal failure)
- Lung disease (SOB, haemoptysis due to pulmonary haemorrhage)
6
Q
What are the signs of ADPKD?
A
- Asymptomatic until cysts grow/haemorrhage
- Loin pain
- Visible haematuria
- Cyst infection
- Renal calculus
- Increased BP
- Progressive renal failure
7
Q
What extrarenal cysts can there be in ADPKD?
A
- Liver cysts
- Intracranial aneurysm leading to SAH
- Mitral valve prolapse
- Ovarian cyst
- Diverticular disease
8
Q
What are the symptoms of vasculitis?
A
- Depends on organ affected
- Overwhelming fatigue with increased ESR/CRP
- Systemic: fever, malaise, weight loss, arthralgia, myalgia
9
Q
What are the symptoms of GCA/temporal arteritis?
A
- Headache
- Scalp tenderness
- Tongue/jaw Claudication
- Amaurosis fugax or sudden unilateral blindness
- Malaise
- Dyspnoea
- Weight loss
- Morning stiffness
- Unequal or weak pulses
10
Q
What are the symptoms of PAN?
A
- Skin (rash, ulcers, nodules)
- Renal (renal artery narrowing, glomerular ischaemia, HTN)
- Cardiac, GI, GU, neuro involvement (not lungs usually)
