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Psychiatric Nursing Review > Signs and Symptoms of Mental Disorder > Flashcards

Signs and Symptoms of Mental Disorder Flashcards

1
Q

Consciousness

A

State of awareness

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2
Q

Apperception

A

Perception modified by one’s own emotions and thoughts.

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3
Q

Sensorium

A

State of functioning of special senses

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4
Q

A. Disturbances of Consciousness Organic Pathology

A
  1. Disorientation
  2. Clouding of Consciousness
  3. Stupor
  4. Delirium
  5. Coma
  6. Coma Vigil
  7. Twilight State
  8. Somnolence
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5
Q

Disorientation

A

Disturbance of orientation in time, place, or person.

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6
Q

Clouding of Consciousness

A

Incomplete clear mindedness with disturbance in perception.

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7
Q

Stupor

A

lack of reaction to an awareness of surroundings

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8
Q

Delirium

A

Bewildered reaction associated with fear and hallucinations

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9
Q

Coma

A

Profound degree of unconsciousness

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10
Q

Coma Vigil

A

Coma in which patient is asleep but ready to be aroused.

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11
Q

Twilight State

A

disturbed consciousness with hallucination

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12
Q

Somnolence

A

abnormal drowsiness

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13
Q

B. Disturbances in ATTENTION

A
  1. Distractibility
  2. Selective Inattention
  3. Hypervigilance
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14
Q

Attention

A

the amount of EFFORT EXERTED in focusing portions of experience

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15
Q

Distractibility

A

inability to concentrate attention

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16
Q

Selective Inattention

A

blocking out those things that generate anxiety

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17
Q

Hypervigilance

A

EXCESSIVE ATTENTION AND FOCUS

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18
Q

C. Disturbance in SUGGESTIBILITY

A

complaint and uncritical response to an idea or influence

  1. Folie a deux
  2. Hypnosis
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19
Q

Folie a deux /Folie a trois

A

communicate emotional illness between two or more person’s

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20
Q

Hypnosis

A

artificially induced modification of consciousness

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21
Q

II. EMOTION

A

the complex feeling with psychic, somatic, and behavioral components related to affect and mood

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22
Q

A. AFFECT

A

the expression of emotion as observed by others

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23
Q

Types of Affect

A
  1. Inappropriate Affect- dis harmony between the emotional feeling tone and idea accompanying it.
  2. Blunt Affect- Affect disturbance manifested by a severe reduction in the intensity of externalized feeling tone.
  3. Flat Affect- absence of any signs of affective expression.
  4. Labile Affect- rapid and abrupt changes in emotional feeling tone
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24
Q

B. MOOD

A

sustained emotion, subjectively experienced and reported

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Types of MOOD
1. Dysphoric Mood- unpleasant 2. Euthymic Mood- normal range 3. Expansive Mood- expression without restraint 4. Irritable Mood- easily annoyed 5. Mood Swing- oscillation between euphoria and depression 6. Elevated Mood- air of confidence 7. Euphoria- intense elation 8. Ecstacy- intense rapture 9. Depression- psychopathological feeling of sadness 10. Anhedonia- loss of interest and withdrawal 11. Grief- sadness of real loss 12. Alexithymia- difficulty I'm describing emotions
26
C. Other Emotions
1. Anxiety- feeling of apprehension 2. Free-Floating Anxiety- unfocused fear 3. Fear- anxiety cause by recognized and realistic danger 4. Agitation- severe anxiety associated with motor restlessness 5. Tension- increase motor and psychological activity-unpleasant 6. Panic- intense attracts of anxiety 7. Apathy- dulled emotional tone 8. Ambivalence- coexistence of two opposing impulses
27
D. Physiological Disturbances Associated with Mood
1. Anorexia- loss of decrease of appetite 2. Hyperphagia- increase in appetite 3. Insomnia- diminished ability to sleep • Initial •Middle •Terminal 4. Hypersomnia- excessive sleeping 5. Diurnal Variation- mood is regularly worst in the morning.
28
III. Motor Behavior (Conation)
aspect of psyche that includes impulses, motivations, wishes, drives, instincts, craving as expressed by behavior or moto activity
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Echopraxia
pathological imitation of movements if one person by another
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Catatonia
motor anomalies
31
Types of Catatonia
a. Catalepsy- immobile position b. Catatonic Excitement- purposeless motor activity c. Catatonic Stupor- markedly slowed motor activity d. Catatonic Rigidity- voluntary assumption of Ridgid posture e. Waxy flexibility- the patient can be molded into position
32
Negativism
motiveless resistance to all attempts to be moved
33
Cataplexy
temporary loss of muscle tone
34
Automatism
automatic performance of an act
35
Command Automatism
automatic following of suggestions
36
Mutism
Voiceless without structural abnormalities
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Overactivity
a. Psychomotor Agitation- excessive motor and cognitive overactivity b. TIC- involuntary, spasmodic motor movement c. Somnambolism- motor activity during sleep d. Compulsion- uncontrollable impulse to perform an act repetitively
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Types of COMPULSION
•Dipsomania- compulsion to drink alcohol •Kleptomania- compulsion to steal •Nymphomania- excessive need for coitus in a woman •Satyriasis- excessive need for coitus in a man •Trichotillomania- compulsion to pull out one's hair. •Ritual- compulsive in nature
39
Hypoactivity
decrease motor activity and cognitive activity
40
Mimicry
simple imitation motor activity
41
Acting Out
direct expression of unconscious with impulse action
42
IV. Thinking
goal directed flow of ideas, symbols, and associations initiated by problem
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A. Specific Disturbances in form of thought
1. Neologism- new words created 2. Word Salad- mixture of words or phrases 3. Circumstantiality- indirect speech that is delayed but gets to desired goal 4. Tangentiality- inability to have goal directed association of thoughts 5. Preservation- persisting response to prior stimulus 6. Verbigeration- meaningless repetition 7. Echolalia- psychological repeating of words of one person by another 8. Condensation- fusion of various concepts 9. Derailment- sudden deviation in trail of thoughts w/o blocking 10. Flight of Ideas- constant shifting from one idea to another 11. Clang Association- association of words similar in sound 12. Blocking- abrupt interruption in train of thinking
44
B. Specific Disturbance in CONTENT OF THOUGHT
1. Poverty of Content- thought that gives little information 2. Overvalued Idea- unreasonable, sustained belief 3. Delusion- false belief 4. Trend of Thought- centering of thought content in a particular idea 5. Ecomania- pathological self preoccupation 6. Monomania- preoccupation with a single object 7. Hypochondria- exaggerated concern over one's health 8. Obsession- irresistible thought or feeling that cannot be eliminated 9. Compulsion- need to act in an impulse, if resisted produces anxiety 10. Coprolalia- compulsive adherence of obscene words 11. Phobia- exaggerated and pathological dread of specific type of stimulus
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Bizarre Delusion
very strange belief
46
Systematized Delusion
False belief united by a single event
47
Mood- Congruent Delusion
delusion with mood appropriate content
48
Nihilistic Delusion
false feeling that others or the world is non-existent or ending
49
Delusion of Poverty
false belief that one is bereft of all material possessions
50
Somatic Delusion
false belief involving functioning of one's body
51
Paranoid Delusion
Delusion of reference, control and grandeur
52
Delusion of Persecution
false belief that patient is being harassed
53
Delusion of Grandeur
Exaggerated conception of one's importance, power, or identity
54
Delusion of Reference
false belief that the behavior or others refers to oneself
55
Delusion of Self Accusation
False feeling of remorse and guilt
56
Delusion of Control
false feeling that one's will or feelings are being controlled by external forces
57
Thought Withdrawal
Delusion that one's thoughts are being removed by others
58
Thought Insertion
Delusion that thoughts are being implanted by others
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Thought Broadcasting
Delusion that one's thoughts can be heard by others
60
Thought Control
Delusion that one's thoughts are being controlled by others
61
Delusion of Infidelity
false belief derived from pathological jealousy
62
Erotomania
delusional belief of women that a man is deeply in love and her CLEREMBAULT'S SYNDROME
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Pseudologia Fantastica
Patient belief in reality of his fantasies and acts on them
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Simple Phobia
dread of discrete object
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Social Phobia
dread of public humiliation
66
Acrophobia
dread of high places
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Agoraphobia
dread of open places
68
Algophobia
Dread of pain
69
Claustrophobia
dread of close places
70
Xenophobia
dread of strangers
71
Xoophobia
Dread of animals
72
Astraphobia
dread of storms
73
Hematophobia
Dread of blood
74
Monophobia
dread of being alone
75
Mysophobia
dread of germs
76
Nectophobia
Dread of darkness
77
Ochlophobia
Dread of crowds
78
Pyrophobia
Dread of fire
79
Macropsia
Objects are seen larger
80
Micropsia
Objects are seen smaller
81
Depersonalization
subject senses of being unreal
82
Derealization
subjective sense that environment is strange or unreal
83
V. Speech
ideas, thoughts, feelings, expressed through use of words
84
A. Disturbance in Speech
1. Poverty of Speech- restriction in the amount of speech used 2. Dysprosody- Loss of normal speech melody 3. Dysarthria- difficulty in articulation, not in words finding
85
VI. Perception
transferring physical stimulation into psychological information
86
A. Disturbance of Perception
1. Hallucination- false sensory perception not associated with real external stimuli 2. Illusion- misperception of misinterpretation of real external sensory stimuli
87
Types of Hallucination
•Hynagogic Hallucination- false sensory perception while falling asleep •Hynopompic Hallucination- false perception occuring while awakening Auditory Hallucination- false perception of sound •Visual Hallucination- false perception in sight Olfactory Hallucination- false perception in smell •Gustatory Hallucination- false perception of taste •Tactile Hallucination- false perception of touch •Lilliputian Hallucination- false perception which objects are seen as reduced in size •Hallucinosis- associated with chronic alcohol abuse
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Formication
crawling sensation under the skin
89
Phantom Limb
sensation on amputated leg
90
B. Disturbances associated with Organic Mental Disorder
Inability to recognize and interpret the significance of sensory impressions
91
Anosognosia
Inability to recognize illness
92
Autotopagnosia
Inability to recognize a body part
93
Visual Agnosia
Inability to recognize objects or person
94
Asterognosis
Inability to recognize objects by touch
95
Prospagnosia
Inability to recognize faces
96
Apraxia
Inability to carry out specific task

Psychiatric Nursing Review (9 decks)

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