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Psychiatric Nursing Review > Signs and Symptoms of Mental Disorder > Flashcards

Signs and Symptoms of Mental Disorder Flashcards

1
Q

Consciousness

A

State of awareness

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2
Q

Apperception

A

Perception modified by one’s own emotions and thoughts.

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3
Q

Sensorium

A

State of functioning of special senses

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4
Q

A. Disturbances of Consciousness Organic Pathology

A
  1. Disorientation
  2. Clouding of Consciousness
  3. Stupor
  4. Delirium
  5. Coma
  6. Coma Vigil
  7. Twilight State
  8. Somnolence
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5
Q

Disorientation

A

Disturbance of orientation in time, place, or person.

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6
Q

Clouding of Consciousness

A

Incomplete clear mindedness with disturbance in perception.

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7
Q

Stupor

A

lack of reaction to an awareness of surroundings

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8
Q

Delirium

A

Bewildered reaction associated with fear and hallucinations

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9
Q

Coma

A

Profound degree of unconsciousness

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10
Q

Coma Vigil

A

Coma in which patient is asleep but ready to be aroused.

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11
Q

Twilight State

A

disturbed consciousness with hallucination

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12
Q

Somnolence

A

abnormal drowsiness

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13
Q

B. Disturbances in ATTENTION

A
  1. Distractibility
  2. Selective Inattention
  3. Hypervigilance
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14
Q

Attention

A

the amount of EFFORT EXERTED in focusing portions of experience

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15
Q

Distractibility

A

inability to concentrate attention

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16
Q

Selective Inattention

A

blocking out those things that generate anxiety

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17
Q

Hypervigilance

A

EXCESSIVE ATTENTION AND FOCUS

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18
Q

C. Disturbance in SUGGESTIBILITY

A

complaint and uncritical response to an idea or influence

  1. Folie a deux
  2. Hypnosis
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19
Q

Folie a deux /Folie a trois

A

communicate emotional illness between two or more person’s

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20
Q

Hypnosis

A

artificially induced modification of consciousness

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21
Q

II. EMOTION

A

the complex feeling with psychic, somatic, and behavioral components related to affect and mood

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22
Q

A. AFFECT

A

the expression of emotion as observed by others

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23
Q

Types of Affect

A
  1. Inappropriate Affect- dis harmony between the emotional feeling tone and idea accompanying it.
  2. Blunt Affect- Affect disturbance manifested by a severe reduction in the intensity of externalized feeling tone.
  3. Flat Affect- absence of any signs of affective expression.
  4. Labile Affect- rapid and abrupt changes in emotional feeling tone
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24
Q

B. MOOD

A

sustained emotion, subjectively experienced and reported

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25
Q

Types of MOOD

A
  1. Dysphoric Mood- unpleasant
  2. Euthymic Mood- normal range
  3. Expansive Mood- expression without restraint
  4. Irritable Mood- easily annoyed
  5. Mood Swing- oscillation between euphoria and depression
  6. Elevated Mood- air of confidence
  7. Euphoria- intense elation
  8. Ecstacy- intense rapture
  9. Depression- psychopathological feeling of sadness
  10. Anhedonia- loss of interest and withdrawal
  11. Grief- sadness of real loss
  12. Alexithymia- difficulty I’m describing emotions
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26
Q

C. Other Emotions

A
  1. Anxiety- feeling of apprehension
  2. Free-Floating Anxiety- unfocused fear
  3. Fear- anxiety cause by recognized and realistic danger
  4. Agitation- severe anxiety associated with motor restlessness
  5. Tension- increase motor and psychological activity-unpleasant
  6. Panic- intense attracts of anxiety
  7. Apathy- dulled emotional tone
  8. Ambivalence- coexistence of two opposing impulses
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27
Q

D. Physiological Disturbances Associated with Mood

A
  1. Anorexia- loss of decrease of appetite
  2. Hyperphagia- increase in appetite
  3. Insomnia- diminished ability to sleep
    • Initial
    •Middle
    •Terminal
  4. Hypersomnia- excessive sleeping
  5. Diurnal Variation- mood is regularly worst in the morning.
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28
Q

III. Motor Behavior (Conation)

A

aspect of psyche that includes impulses, motivations, wishes, drives, instincts, craving as expressed by behavior or moto activity

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29
Q

Echopraxia

A

pathological imitation of movements if one person by another

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30
Q

Catatonia

A

motor anomalies

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31
Q

Types of Catatonia

A

a. Catalepsy- immobile position
b. Catatonic Excitement- purposeless motor activity
c. Catatonic Stupor- markedly slowed motor activity
d. Catatonic Rigidity- voluntary assumption of Ridgid posture
e. Waxy flexibility- the patient can be molded into position

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32
Q

Negativism

A

motiveless resistance to all attempts to be moved

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33
Q

Cataplexy

A

temporary loss of muscle tone

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34
Q

Automatism

A

automatic performance of an act

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35
Q

Command Automatism

A

automatic following of suggestions

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36
Q

Mutism

A

Voiceless without structural abnormalities

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37
Q

Overactivity

A

a. Psychomotor Agitation- excessive motor and cognitive overactivity
b. TIC- involuntary, spasmodic motor movement
c. Somnambolism- motor activity during sleep
d. Compulsion- uncontrollable impulse to perform an act repetitively

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38
Q

Types of COMPULSION

A

•Dipsomania- compulsion to drink alcohol
•Kleptomania- compulsion to steal
•Nymphomania- excessive need for coitus in a woman
•Satyriasis- excessive need for coitus in a man
•Trichotillomania- compulsion to pull out one’s hair.
•Ritual- compulsive in nature

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39
Q

Hypoactivity

A

decrease motor activity and cognitive activity

40
Q

Mimicry

A

simple imitation motor activity

41
Q

Acting Out

A

direct expression of unconscious with impulse action

42
Q

IV. Thinking

A

goal directed flow of ideas, symbols, and associations initiated by problem

43
Q

A. Specific Disturbances in form of thought

A
  1. Neologism- new words created
  2. Word Salad- mixture of words or phrases
  3. Circumstantiality- indirect speech that is delayed but gets to desired goal
  4. Tangentiality- inability to have goal directed association of thoughts
  5. Preservation- persisting response to prior stimulus
  6. Verbigeration- meaningless repetition
  7. Echolalia- psychological repeating of words of one person by another
  8. Condensation- fusion of various concepts
  9. Derailment- sudden deviation in trail of thoughts w/o blocking
  10. Flight of Ideas- constant shifting from one idea to another
  11. Clang Association- association of words similar in sound
  12. Blocking- abrupt interruption in train of thinking
44
Q

B. Specific Disturbance in CONTENT OF THOUGHT

A
  1. Poverty of Content- thought that gives little information
  2. Overvalued Idea- unreasonable, sustained belief
  3. Delusion- false belief
  4. Trend of Thought- centering of thought content in a particular idea
  5. Ecomania- pathological self preoccupation
  6. Monomania- preoccupation with a single object
  7. Hypochondria- exaggerated concern over one’s health
  8. Obsession- irresistible thought or feeling that cannot be eliminated
  9. Compulsion- need to act in an impulse, if resisted produces anxiety
  10. Coprolalia- compulsive adherence of obscene words
  11. Phobia- exaggerated and pathological dread of specific type of stimulus
45
Q

Bizarre Delusion

A

very strange belief

46
Q

Systematized Delusion

A

False belief united by a single event

47
Q

Mood- Congruent Delusion

A

delusion with mood appropriate content

48
Q

Nihilistic Delusion

A

false feeling that others or the world is non-existent or ending

49
Q

Delusion of Poverty

A

false belief that one is bereft of all material possessions

50
Q

Somatic Delusion

A

false belief involving functioning of one’s body

51
Q

Paranoid Delusion

A

Delusion of reference, control and grandeur

52
Q

Delusion of Persecution

A

false belief that patient is being harassed

53
Q

Delusion of Grandeur

A

Exaggerated conception of one’s importance, power, or identity

54
Q

Delusion of Reference

A

false belief that the behavior or others refers to oneself

55
Q

Delusion of Self Accusation

A

False feeling of remorse and guilt

56
Q

Delusion of Control

A

false feeling that one’s will or feelings are being controlled by external forces

57
Q

Thought Withdrawal

A

Delusion that one’s thoughts are being removed by others

58
Q

Thought Insertion

A

Delusion that thoughts are being implanted by others

59
Q

Thought Broadcasting

A

Delusion that one’s thoughts can be heard by others

60
Q

Thought Control

A

Delusion that one’s thoughts are being controlled by others

61
Q

Delusion of Infidelity

A

false belief derived from pathological jealousy

62
Q

Erotomania

A

delusional belief of women that a man is deeply in love and her CLEREMBAULT’S SYNDROME

63
Q

Pseudologia Fantastica

A

Patient belief in reality of his fantasies and acts on them

64
Q

Simple Phobia

A

dread of discrete object

65
Q

Social Phobia

A

dread of public humiliation

66
Q

Acrophobia

A

dread of high places

67
Q

Agoraphobia

A

dread of open places

68
Q

Algophobia

A

Dread of pain

69
Q

Claustrophobia

A

dread of close places

70
Q

Xenophobia

A

dread of strangers

71
Q

Xoophobia

A

Dread of animals

72
Q

Astraphobia

A

dread of storms

73
Q

Hematophobia

A

Dread of blood

74
Q

Monophobia

A

dread of being alone

75
Q

Mysophobia

A

dread of germs

76
Q

Nectophobia

A

Dread of darkness

77
Q

Ochlophobia

A

Dread of crowds

78
Q

Pyrophobia

A

Dread of fire

79
Q

Macropsia

A

Objects are seen larger

80
Q

Micropsia

A

Objects are seen smaller

81
Q

Depersonalization

A

subject senses of being unreal

82
Q

Derealization

A

subjective sense that environment is strange or unreal

83
Q

V. Speech

A

ideas, thoughts, feelings, expressed through use of words

84
Q

A. Disturbance in Speech

A
  1. Poverty of Speech- restriction in the amount of speech used
  2. Dysprosody- Loss of normal speech melody
  3. Dysarthria- difficulty in articulation, not in words finding
85
Q

VI. Perception

A

transferring physical stimulation into psychological information

86
Q

A. Disturbance of Perception

A
  1. Hallucination- false sensory perception not associated with real external stimuli
  2. Illusion- misperception of misinterpretation of real external sensory stimuli
87
Q

Types of Hallucination

A

•Hynagogic Hallucination- false sensory perception while falling asleep
•Hynopompic Hallucination- false perception occuring while awakening
Auditory Hallucination- false perception of sound
•Visual Hallucination- false perception in sight
Olfactory Hallucination- false perception in smell
•Gustatory Hallucination- false perception of taste
•Tactile Hallucination- false perception of touch
•Lilliputian Hallucination- false perception which objects are seen as reduced in size
•Hallucinosis- associated with chronic alcohol abuse

88
Q

Formication

A

crawling sensation under the skin

89
Q

Phantom Limb

A

sensation on amputated leg

90
Q

B. Disturbances associated with Organic Mental Disorder

A

Inability to recognize and interpret the significance of sensory impressions

91
Q

Anosognosia

A

Inability to recognize illness

92
Q

Autotopagnosia

A

Inability to recognize a body part

93
Q

Visual Agnosia

A

Inability to recognize objects or person

94
Q

Asterognosis

A

Inability to recognize objects by touch

95
Q

Prospagnosia

A

Inability to recognize faces

96
Q

Apraxia

A

Inability to carry out specific task

Psychiatric Nursing Review (9 decks)

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