Signs and Symptoms Flashcards
What are the signs of hyperthyroidism?
- Agitation
- Tremor
- Onycholysis
- Acropachy
- Conjunctival oedema
- Opthalmoplegia
- Pretibial myxoedema
- Proximal myopathy
- Hyperreflexia
What are the signs of thyrotoxicosis?
- Tachycardia - palpitations
- Atrial fibrillation - 3x risk in >60s
What are the symptoms of hyperthyroidism/thyrotoxicosis?
- Weight loss and good appetite
- Palpitations
- Sweating, heat intolerance
- Irritability, mood swings
- Frequent bowel action - hyperdefecation (diarrhoea)
- Goitre
- Fine tremor
- Palmar erythema
- Eye signs - lid retraction/lid lag
What are the signs of thyroid eye disease e.g. in graves disease?
- Exopthalmos (proptosis) - difficulty closing eyes
- Chemosis (swelling of conjunctiva)
- Peri-orbital oedema
- Diplopia
Describe exopthalmos and the risks
Commonly associated with Graves disease
Risks are intraocular pressure, optic nerve damage exposure, corneal ulceration
What the clinical features of Graves disease in hyperthyroidism?
- Pretibial myxoedema
- Thyroid acropachy - clubbing, swelling of digits
- Opthalmoplegia - weakness of eye muscles
- Exopthalmos - bulging of eye
What are the symptoms of hypothyroidism (myxoedema) features?
- Weight gain
- Lethargy
- Cold intolerance
- Cool, dry skin
- Dry brittle hair, nail changes
- Constipation, menorrhagia
- Muscle cramps
- Decreased mood
- Hoarse voice
- Dementia
- Myalgia
What are the red flags for a hard lump in the neck?
- Growing over a few months
- Dysphagia
- Neck pain
- Hoarseness
- History of radiation to neck
- FH of thyroid cancer
What are the clinical signs of malignancy?
- Age, duration, iodine status, radiation exposure
- Thyroid status
- Presence of solitary nodule vs goitre, multinodular disease
- Pressure symptoms: mobile, skin tethering, lymphadenopathy, RLN palsy
What are the signs of Grave’s disease?
- Eye disease: exopthalmos, opthalmoplegia (weakness of eye muscles), grittiness of eye, diplopia
- Pretibial myxoedema: oedematous swellings above lateral malleoli
- Thyroid acropachy: extreme manifestation, with clubbing, painful finger and toe swelling and periosteal reaction in limb bones
What are the signs of hypothyroidism?
- Bradycardic
- Reflexes relax slow
- Ataxia
- Yawning/drowsy/coma
- Cold hands
- Ascites
- Non-pitting oedema
- Pericardial/pleural effusion
- Round puffy face/double chin/obese
What are the symptoms of post-partum thyroiditis?
- Weight loss
- Palpitations
- Heat intolerance
- Anxiety
- MH of T1DM
What are the signs of post-partum thyroiditis?
- Tremor
- Tachycardia
- Warm, moist skin
- Muscle weakness
- Lid retraction
- Lid lag
