Sigmund Freud - Psychoanalysis

Question 1

neurosis

Answer 1

an emotional disturbance, but not severe enough to prevent the individual from functioning in normal society

Question 2

hysteria

Answer 2

an illness that manifests physical symptoms but has no physiological basis for the problem (currently, conversion disorder)

Question 3

catharsis

Answer 3

emotional release

Question 4

how are symptoms of hysteria determined?

Answer 4

by traumatic or stressful events of the past, and recollection of these events had a cathartic effect

Question 5

unconscious processes

Answer 5

forces of which a person is unaware

Question 6

resistance

Answer 6

a force within that prevents a patient from becoming aware of memories and keeps these unconscious

Question 7

why are desires/wishes repressed?

Answer 7

because it goes against a person’s ego-ideal. It is hard to accept that they are not what they would like to be and this incompatibility causes them pain, thus it is repressed.

Question 8

repression

Answer 8

the blocking of a desire from consciousness

Question 9

two primary procedures developed by Freud

Answer 9

1. free association

2. interpretation of dreams and slips

Question 10

free association

Answer 10

verbalizing whatever comes to mind, no matter how insignificant, trivial or unpleasant the idea, thought or picture may seem.

Question 11

slips

Answer 11

bungled acts: slips of the tongue or lapse of memories that expresses a personal motive

Question 12

Freudian theory assumption in our psychic life

Answer 12

nothing is trifling or lawless; rather, there is a motivation for everything

Question 13

Cause

Answer 13

implies the action of a material, impersonal force that brings something about

Question 14

Motive

Answer 14

personal agency, implies an emotion or desire operating on the will of a person and leading him or her to act

Question 15

All events are overdetermined

Answer 15

they have one or more meaning or explanation

Question 16

dreams

Answer 16

royal road to the unconscious, the fulfillment of unsatisfied desires

Question 17

manifest dream

Answer 17

A disguised fulfillment of repressed desires that may appear incoherent and nonsensical upon being remembered the next morning

Question 18

latent dream

Answer 18

the meaning or motive underlying the manifest dream

Question 19

dream work

Answer 19

the process that disguises the unconscious dream desires and converts them into a manifest dream

Question 20

symbols as elements in dreams

Answer 20

some may be unique to the dreamer and only understood by a particular history and association, others are shared by many and some have acquired universal meanings

Question 21

electroencephalogram (EEG)

Answer 21

measures electrical activity in the brain

Question 22

functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Answer 22

provides pictures of brain activity

Question 23

goal of human behavior

Answer 23

to reduce the tension created by the accumulation of room much energy and to restore a state of balance

Question 24

libido

Answer 24

the energy force of the sexual drive; refers to the emotional and psychic energy derived from the biological drive of sexuality

Question 25

drive

Answer 25

a psychological or mental representation of an inner bodily source of excitement, thus a form of energy that combines both elements of the mind and body

Question 26

four features of the drive

Answer 26

impetus, source, aim and object

Question 27

impetus

Answer 27

the amount of energy or intensity of the need

Question 28

source

Answer 28

the bodily stimulus or need

Question 29

aim

Answer 29

its goal or purpose is to reduce the excitation

Question 30

object

Answer 30

the person or object in the environment through which the aim may be satisfied

Question 31

besetzen/ cathect

Answer 31

investing libidinal energy in a mental representation of an object that will satisfy a desire

Question 32

psychosexuality

Answer 32

the totality of elements included in the sexual drive

Question 33

two basic groups of impulsive drives

Answer 33

eros and thanatos

Question 34

eros

Answer 34

life impulses whose forces maintains life processes and ensure reproduction of the species

Question 35

thanatos

Answer 35

death impulses which is a biological reality, the source of aggressiveness and reflects the ultimate resolution of all of life’s tension in death

Question 36

polymorphous perverse

Answer 36

a child who actively seeks pleasure from many areas of the body differ in many aspects from reproductive sexual activity

Question 37

autoerotic

Answer 37

seeking pleasure from their own bodies rather than the body of another person

Question 38

erogenous zones

Answer 38

areas of the body that provide pleasure

Question 39

psychosexual stages

Answer 39

a series of stages in which different erogenous zones are important as they move from autoeroticism to reproductive sexuality and develop their adult personalities

Question 40

oral stage

Answer 40

lasts from birth to age and in this time the major source of pleasure and potential conflict is the mouth

Question 41

two main types of oral activity

Answer 41

ingestion and biting

Question 42

anal stage

Answer 42

expected at the second year of life, and in this time the major source of pleasure and potential conflict is the anus

Question 43

two primary modes of anal expression

Answer 43

retention and expulsion

Question 44

patterns of behavior that may emerge in the anal stage

Answer 44

sadistic or pain-inflicting and masochistic or pain-receiving

Question 45

outcomes in the anal stage

Answer 45

self-control and mastery