sig_figs_convers Flashcards

1
Q

Define accuracy.

A

How close a measurement is to a true value. Accuracy can only be determined if there is an accepted true value against which to compare.

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2
Q

Define precision.

A

How repeatable a series of measurements are. At one level, therefore, precision requires a set of data of identical measurements. Precision, however, is also estimated from signifcant figures - which give an indication of a probable precision in the event that the measurement is repeated.

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3
Q

Define significant figure.

A

All certain digits plus one estimated digit. “Certain”, in this context, means whether a second measurement would give an identical measurement. This level of “certainty” is directly tied to the precision of the equipment (e.g. graduated cylinder vs pipette) used to make the measurement.

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4
Q

Examine the following picture and record to the correct number of significant figures.

A

The best estimate for this burette measurement is 2.38 or 2.39 mL.

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5
Q

Examine the following picture and record to the correct number of significant figures.

A

The best estimate for this graduate cylinder measurement is 76.3 or 76.4 mL.

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6
Q

Examine the following picture and record to the correct number of significant figures.

A

The best estimate for this pipette measurement is 2.53 or 2.54 mL.

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7
Q

Examine the following picture and record to the correct number of significant figures.

A

The best estimate for this graduate cylinder measurement is 21.6 or 21.7 mL.

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8
Q

Indicate the correct number of significant figures in the following number: 1245.0

A

1245.0 has five significant figures. The zero after the decimal place is the “estimated” digit.

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9
Q

Indicate the correct number of significant figures in the following number: 1024.0

A

1024.0 has five significant figures. The zero after the decimal place is the “estimated” digit. The zero “trapped” between the 1 and the 2 is a certain value and is part of the measurement.

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10
Q

Indicate the correct number of significant figures in the following number: 12450

A

12450 has four significant figures. The last “tailing” zero is not considered significant. This zero in a sense indicates how large the number is. Using scientific notation, one would write 1.245x104.

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11
Q

Indicate the correct number of significant figures in the following number: 1.2450

A

1.2450 has five signifcant figures. The last zero is the “estimated” digit.

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12
Q

Indicate the correct number of significant figures in the following number: 0.001240

A

0.001240 has four significant figures. The zeros before the “1” indicates how small the number is. Using scientific notation one could write 1.240x10-3.

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13
Q

Indicate the correct number of significan figures in the following number: 0.01245

A

0.01245 has four significant figures. The zeros before the “1” indicates how small the number is. Using scientific notation one could write 1.245x10-2.

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14
Q

Indicate the correct number of significant figures in the following number: 1.245x10-3

A

1.245x10-3 has four significant figures.

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15
Q

In adding one number to another, what will determine the number of significant figures in the final answer?

A

In addition, signifcant figures are determined by looking at the least number of digits past the decimal place.

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16
Q

In subtracting one number from another, what will determine the number of significant figures in the final answer?

A

In subtraction, signifcant figures are determined by looking at the least number of digits past the decimal place.

17
Q

In multiplying one number with another, what will determine the number of significant figures in the final answer?

A

In multiplication, significant figures are determined by looking at the number with the least number of significant figures.

18
Q

In dividing one number with another, what will determine the number of significant figures in the final answer?

A

In division, significant figures are determined by looking at the number with the least number of significant figures.

19
Q

What conversion factor is required to convert mass in grams (g) to mass in kilograms (kg)?

A

To convert mass in grams (g) to mass in kilograms (kg) one needs to multiply by 1 kg/1000g.

20
Q

What conversion factor is required to convert mass in milligrams (mg) to mass in kilograms (kg)?

A

To convert mass in milligrams (mg) to mass in kilograms (kg) one needs to multiply by 1 kg/1x106 mg.

21
Q

What conversion factor is required to convert mass in kilograms (kg) to mass in grams (g)?

A

To convert mass in kilograms (kg) to mass in grams (g) one needs to multiply by 1000 g/1 kg.

22
Q

What conversion factor is required to convert mass in kilograms (kg) to mass in milligrams (mg)?

A

To convert mass in kilograms (kg) to mass in milligrams (mg) one needs to multiply by 1x106 mg/1 kg.

23
Q

What conversion factor is required to convert volume in milliliters (mL) to volume in liters (L)?

A

To convert volume in milliliters (mL) to volume in liters (L) one needs to multiple by 1 L/1000 mL.

24
Q

What conversion factor is required to convert volume in milliliters (mL) to volume in centiliters (cL)?

A

To convert volume in milliliters (mL) to volume in centiliters (cL) one needs to multiple by 1 cL/ 10 mL.

25
Q

What conversion factor is required to convert volume in mL to volume in cubic centimeters (cm3)?

A

To convert volume in mL to volume in cubic centimeters (cm3) one needs to multiple by 1 cm3/ 1 mL.

26
Q

What conversion factor is required to convert area in square (in2) to square feet (ft2)?

A

To convert area in square (in2) to square feet (ft2) one needs to multiply by (1 ft/12 in)2.

27
Q

What conversion factor is required to convert volume in cubic centimeter (cm3) to cubic meters (m3)?

A

To convert volume in cubic centimeter (cm3) to cubic meters (m3) one needs to multiply by (1 m/100 cm)3.

28
Q

The following defines what concept?

How close a measurement is to a true value.

A

Accuracy

29
Q

The following defines what concept?

How repeatable a series of measurements are.

A

Precision

30
Q

The following defines what concept?

All certain digits plus one estimated digit.

A

Significant figure