Sierra EP/Limtis Flashcards
1
Q
Minimum Planned fuel on Landing
A
225ibs per main tank (app 20 minutes of flight. With less than 300ibs of fuel per main tank maintain balanced flight at AOBs greater than 30*
2
Q
APU Operations
A
The APU is not intended for routine in flight use. Operation shall be limited to essential operations only. Acceptable uses include: 1. EPS 2. Single Engine Training 3. Practice Autos 4. Powering the ECS during extreme temperature operations
3
Q
TGT Limit
A
0-810 Cont
810-851 30min
851-878 10 min
878-903 2.5 min
903-949 12 sec
949 max
4
Q
Np Limits
A
<96 Avoid
96-105 Cont
105-117 20sec
117-120 12sec
120 max
Avoid Ranges 20-40 and 60-75
5
Q
Nr Limits
A
<96 Avoid
96-101 Cont
101-120 Precautionary
120 Max
123 FCF Max
127 Overspeed Latch
6
Q
TRQ Dual ENG <80KIAS
A
0-120 Cont
120-144 10 sec
144 Max
7
Q
TRQ Dual ENG >80 KIAS
A
0-106 Cont
106-127 10 sec
127 Max
8
Q
Dual Engine TRQ Definition
A
Both Engines are above 65% TRQ
9
Q
Single ENG TRQ
A
0-135 Cont
135-144 10 sec
144 Max
10
Q
Ng Limits
A
0-102.2 Cont
>102.2-106 2.5 min
>106-107 12 sec
107 Max
11
Q
XMSN Temp
A
-50-105 Cont
105-120 Precautionary
120 Max
12
Q
XMSN Pressure
A
20 Minimum
20-30 Idle and transient
30-65 Cont (45-60 in level flight)
65-130 Precautionary
130 Max
13
Q
ENG Oil Temp
A
-50-135 Cont
135-150 30 min
150 Max
14
Q
ENG Oil Pressure
A
22 Minimum
22-26 Precautionary
26-100 Cont
100-120 Precautionary
120 Max
15
Q
Engine Start Limits
A
Outside Air <16*
1st Cycle: 60sec
2nd Cycle: 60sec
3rd Cycle: 60sec
4th Cycle: 30min
Outside Air 16-52*
1st Cycle: 60sec
2nd Cycle: 30min
16
Q
ENG Motor Limits (Ignition Off)
A
2x2 Minute cycles with a 5 minute cooldown then a 30 minute cooldown
17
Q
Start Cycle Defenition
A
A start cycle is defined as starter initiation, acceleration in Ng, and starter dropout/disengagement
18
Q
What is the Transmissions limited by
A
Nr, TRQ, Oil Pressure, and Oil Temperature
19
Q
Transmission Oil Temperature Limitations
A
- During any operating condition, no maintenance action is required if maintenance transmission oil temperature is in the precautionary range continuously for 5 minutes or less
- Prolonged hovering in hot weather 86F (30C) may cause main transmission oil temperature to rise into the precautionary range. Operations in the precautionary range for less than 30 minutes during any one flight under this condition is acceptable and no maintenance action is required
20
Q
Transmission Oil Pressure Limitations
A
- During steady state level pitch attitude, the transmission oil pressure should be 45-60 psi. The following conditions do not constitute an immediate emergency situation but may be indicative of a degraded lubrication system. Any discrepancy shall be documented on a MAF
- Steady pressure outside of 45-60 psi, but within the normal limits of 30-65 psi
- Fluctuations not to exceed a range of 10 psi, within the normal limits of 30-65 psi
- During transient pitch or steady state nose high pitch attitudes (Autos, downwind hovering, rearward flight, slope up landings, etc…) transmission oil pressure fluctuations (including momentary fluctuations below 30 psi and transient drops below 20 psi for up to one second) are acceptable. Operating with pressure fluctuations below 30 psi shall be limited to 30 minutes
- During rotor engagement, a zero oil pressure indication may indicate a no oil flow condition through the oil lubrication system. operating with a no oil pressure indication shall be limited to less than 1 minutes and shall be documented on a MAF
21
Q
Rotor Engagement/Disengagement Limtis
A
45 Knots Max Wind Velocity
22
Q
Vne
A
180 KIAS
23
Q
Auto Max Airspeed
A
100 KIAS
24
Q
Sideward/Rearward Flight Max Airspeed
A
45 Knots (35 Knots with external Load)
25
SAS 1 and SAS 2 inoperative in IMC
125 KIAS
26
SAS/BOOST OFF
140KIAS
27
Either PRI SERVO PRESS caution
125 KIAS
28
Cabin Door Opening/Closing
100 KIAS
29
Cabin Doors Open
120 KIAS
30
Gunners Window Opening/Closing
170KIAS
31
Landing Light in transition
130 KIAS
32
Searchlight in Transition
100KIAS
33
Aircraft Gross Weight >22,000ibs with an External Load
120 KIAS
34
Cockpit Doors removed and cabin doors closed or removed
150 KIAS, sideslip limit for flight in this configuration is +/- half a ball
35
Maneuvering with an external load
FPM<1000fpm
36
Hovering Limitations
1. Prolonged rearward flight and downwind hovering should be avoided to prevent accumulation of exhaust fumes in the helo and heat damage to windows on open cabinets doors
2. Hovering turns at a rate in excess of 30* per second
37
AOB Limits
1. Normal Ops-45*
2. Operations above 10,000’ DA-30*
3. Either PRI SERVO PRESS caution-30*
4. SAS/BOOST OFF flight-30*
38
Altitude Limitation
13000 ft
39
Prohibited Manuevers
1. Aerobatic Flight
2. Practice Full Autorotations
3. Intentional approaches into or inducement of reiterating blade stall
40
Rotor Brake Limits
Max Nr 76%
Routine Stops 30-50%
180psi
41
Spread Limits
45 knots
42
Landing Limits
1. Max rate of descent-540fpm
2. Max rate of descent for sloped terrain-360fpm
3. Max touchdown speed- 60KGS (Locked) and 20kgs (Unlocked)
4. Max Breaking Speed -35kgs
5. 9* Upslope
6.12* Cross-slope
7. 6* Downslope
8. Downwind Landings should be avoided
43
Internal Load Limtis
Max-5,500ibs
Palletized Cargo- 4,733ibs
A single pallet-3,000ibs
44
APU Operating Limits
Rotors not engaged-51*C
Rotors Engaged
Up to 43* no limits
43-60*-30min
45
B/U Hyd Pump Limtis with rotors static
33-38* - 24min - 72min
39-60* - 16min - 48min
46
5 Things to do for every emergency
1. Maintain Control of the Aircraft
2. Alert Crew
3. Determine the precise nature of the problem
4. Complete the applicable EP or take action Appropriate for the problem
5. Determine landing criteria and land as required
47
Land Immediately
Execute a landing without delay
48
Land as soon as possible
Execute a landing at the first site at which a safe landing can be made
49
Land as soon as practicable
Extended flight is not recommended. The landing site and duration of flight are at the discretion of the pilot in command
50
EMIF
1. Control Nr
2. CONTGCY PWR switch - On
3. Single Engine Conditions - Establish
4. ENG ANT-ICE switches - As Required
5. External cargo/stores/fuel Jetteson/Dump - As Required
6. Identify Malfunction
51
Engine High Side Failure in Flight
1. EMIF - Perform
2. PCL (malfunctioning engine) - Retard to set:
a. Torque 10% below good engine, or
b. Matched Ng, or
c. Matched TGT
52
Engine High Side Failure on Deck
1. PCL (Malfunctioning Engine) - IDLE
53
Engine Low Side Failure
1. EMIF EP - Perform
54
Engine Torque or TGT Spiking/Fluctuations
If an engine instrument is spiking/fluctuating and inducing secondary indications in Ng, Np, and/or Nr
1. EMIF EP - Perform
If fuel contamination is suspected
2. Land as soon as possible
55
Compressor Stall
1. EMIF EP - Perform
2. PCL (Malfunctioning engine) - IDLE
56
Engine High Speed Shaft Failure
1. EMIF EP - Perform
2. PCL (malfunctioning engine) - OFF
57
Abort Start
To Abort Start
1. PCL - OFF
2. ENGINE IGNITION switch - OFF
If engine oil pressure is indicated
3. Starter - Engage
58
Engine Malfunction During Hover/Takeoff
1. Control Nr
2. CONTGCY PWR switch - ON
If a suitable landing site exists or unable to transition to forward flight
3. Set a level attitude, eliminate drift, cushion landing
If able to transition to forward flight
4. EMIF EP - Perform.
59
Dual Engine Failure
1. Autorotation - Establish
2. Immediate Landing/Ditching EP - Perform
If time and altitude permit
3. Engine Air Restart EP - Perform
60
Single Engine Failure in Flight
1. EMIF EP - Perform
61
Engine Air Restart
1. #1 and #2 FUEL BOOST push buttons - ON
2. APU Emergency Start procedure - As Required
3. ENGINE IGNITION switch - NORM
4. Fuel Selector lever - DIR or XFD
5. PCL - OFF
6. Starter - Engage, motor engine
7. PCL - IDLE (TGT 80C or less, if time permits
8. PCL - Advance to FLY after starter dropout
62
APU Emergency Start Procedure
1. ECS - OFF
2. AIR SOURCE ECS/START switch - APU
3. FUEL PUMP switch - APU BOOST
4. APU CTRL switch - ON
5. APU GENERATOR switch - ON
63
Ground Resonance
If a safe takeoff is possible
1. Take off immediately
If a safe takeoff is not possible
2. PCLs - OFF
3. Rotor Brake - Apply
64
Unusual Vibrations on Deck
1. Collective Lower
2. PCLs - Off
3. Rotor Brake - Apply as required
65
Hung Droop Stops
1. Reengage rotors to greater than 75% Nr
66
Low Rotor RPM warning
1. Control Nr
67
Main Transmission Malfunction
If failure is imminent
1. Land Immediately
If secondary indications are present
2. Land as soon as possible
Signs of a imminent failure
Yaw attitude excursions with no control input, an increase in power required for a fixed collective setting, failure of a main generator or hydraulic pump, increased noise, increased vibration levels, or abnormal fumes in the cabin
68
Tail/Intermediate Transmission Malfunctions
If failure is imminent
1. Land Immediately
If failure is not imminent
2. Land as soon as possible
69
(#1/#2) Input Chip Caution
1. Main Transmission Malfunction EP - Perform
70
Loss of T/R Drive Altitude and Airspeed sufficient to establish autorotation
1. PAC Call - “AUTO, AUTO, AUTO”
2. Autorotation - Establish, center tail rotor pedals
3. Drive Failure - Attempt to verify
4. Immediate Landing/Ditching EP - Perform
5. PCLs - OFF when directed (Prior to the flare)
71
Loss of tail rotor drive altitude and airspeed not sufficient to establish autorotation
1. PAC call - “HOVER, HOVER, HOVER”
2. Collective - Lower
3. PNAC - Hands on the PCLs
4. PCLs - OFF when directed (App. 20-30ft)
72
Tail Rotor Quadrant Caution
1. Check for Tail Rotor Control
If tail rotor control is not available
2. Loss of tail rotor control EP - Perform
73
Loss of Tail Rotor COntrol
1. Collective/airspeed - Adjust as required to control yaw
74
Hydraulic System Warning
1. Land Immediately
75
#1 and #2 HYD Pump Failure
1. Restrict flight control movement
2. Land as soon as possible
76
#1 Primary servo or #1 Transfer Module Leak
1. Servo Switch - 1st OFF
2. Land as soon as practicable
If the BACK UP RSVR LOW caution also appears or the backup pump fails:
3. Land as soon as possible. Be prepared for loss of tail rotor control
If the #2 PRI SERVO PRESS caution and/or HYD warning appears:
4. Land immediately
77
#2 Primary Servo or #2 Transfer Module Leak
1. Servo Switch - 2nd Off
2. Land as soon as practicable
If the BACK UP RSVR LOW caution also appears or backup pump fails:
3. Land as soon as possible. Be prepared for loss of the pilot assist servos
If the #1 PRI SERVO PRESS caution and/or HYD warning appears:
4. Land Immediately
78
Boost Servo Hardover
1. PAC call - “BOOST, BOOST, BOOST”
2. SAS/BOOST push button - Off
79
AFCS Degraded Caution
1. Safe altitude and airspeed - Establish (wave off/instrument Takeoff (ITO), as required)
80
Stabilator Auto Mode Failure
1. PAC call - “STAB, STAB, STAB”
2. Cyclic - Arrest Pitch Rate
3. Collective - Do not reduce
4. STABILATOR MAN SLEW switch - Adjust to 0*.
81
Unusual Attitude Recovery
1. Level Wings
2. Nose on Horizon
3. Center Ball
4. Stop rate of climb/descent
5. Control airspeed
82
Electrical Power Failure/Dual Generator Failure
1. Safe altitude and airspeed - Establish
2. Stabilator - Check position visually, slew as required
3. APU Emergency Start procedure - Perform
4. CMPTR PWR/RESET, SAS 1, SAS 2, TRIM, AUTO PLT, STABILATOR AUTO ONTROL push buttons - On
83
#1/#2 Fuel FLTR Bypass Caution
If #1 FUEL FLTR BYPASS or #2 FUEL FLTR BYPASS caution appears:
1. Fuel selector lever (affected engine) - XFD (DIR if currently in XFD)
If #1 FUEL FILTER BYPASS and #2 FUEL FILTER BYPASS cautions appear when in DIR/DIR
1. #1 and #2 Fuel Boost Pushbuttons - ON
2. Land as Soon As Possible. Be prepared for a dual engine failure
If #1 Fuel Filter Bypass and #2 Fuel filter Bypass cautions appear when in XFD/DIR:
1. Fuel Selector Levers - SELECT OPPOSITE POSITIONS
2. #1. And #2 FUEL BOOST pushbuttons - ON
3. Land as soon as possible. Be prepared for dual engine failure
84
(#1/ #2) FUEL PRESS CAUTION
If #1 FUEL FLTR BYPASS or #2 FUEL FLTR BYPASS caution appears:
1. Fuel selector lever (affected engine) - XFD (DIR if currently in XFD)
If #1 FUEL FILTER BYPASS and #2 FUEL FILTER BYPASS cautions appear when in DIR/DIR
1. #1 and #2 Fuel Boost Pushbuttons - ON
2. Land as Soon As Possible. Be prepared for a dual engine failure
If #1 Fuel Filter Bypass and #2 Fuel filter Bypass cautions appear when in XFD/DIR:
1. Fuel Selector Levers - SELECT OPPOSITE POSITIONS
2. #1. And #2 FUEL BOOST pushbuttons - ON
3. Land as soon as possible. Be prepared for dual engine failure
85
HIFR HOSE JETTISON
1. T-Handle - Pull (If applicable)
2. Hose status - Report
If hose fails to break away
3. Quickly disengage the nozzle and grounding wire, then shear the hoist cable
86
Uncommanded fuel dumping
1. FUEL PUMP circuit breaker - Pull
87
External Engine Fire
1. Confirm Fire
2. EMIF EP - Perform
3. PCL (Affected Engine)
4. Engine T-handles (affected engines) - Pull
5. FIRE EXTGH switch - MAIN (RESERVE) if required or ac power is off
If airborne and fire continues
6. Land immediately
If fire appears extinguished
7. Land as soon as possible
88
Internal Engine Fire
1. Starter - Engage. Motor Engine
89
APU FIRE
1. APU T-HANDLE - Pull
2. Confirm fire
3. FIRE EXTGH switch - RESERVE (Main if required and available)
If airborne and fire continues
4. Land immediately
If fire appears extinguished
5. Land as soon as possible
If on the ground
6. Fire extinguisher - As required
90
Cockpit Fire/Cabin Fire
If source is known
1. Affected power switches and circuit breakers - OFF/Pull
2. Portable fire extinguisher - As required
If fire continues or source is unknown:
3. Cabin/doors/vents/ECS - Close/OFF, as required
4. Unnecessary electrical equipment and circuit breakers - OFF/Pull
If fire continues:
5. Land as soon as possible
91
Smoke and Fumes Elimination
1. Airspeed - Adjust, as required
2. Doors/windows/vents - Open
3. Aircraft - Yaw, as required
92
Immediate Landing/Ditching (PILOT)
1. Crew and passengers - Alert
2. Harness - LOCKED
3. APU Emergency Start procedure - Perform as required
4. External cargo/stores/fuel - Jettison/dump, as required
5. Searchlight - As required
6. MAYDAY/IFF - Transmit/EMER
In the Flare
7. Armor wings - Stow, as required.
8. Windows - Jettison/reset handle, as required
After landing
9. PCLs - OFF
10. Rotor brake - On
11. Copilot collective - Stow
After all violent motion stops:
12. Egress
93
Underwater Egress
1. Emergency Breathing Device - As Required
2. Cords - Disconnect
3. Door/windows - Open/Jettison
4. Place hand on known reference point
5. Harness - release
6. Exit Helicopter
After Egress
7. Swim clear of helicopter and inflate LPU
94
CARGO HOOK EMERGENCY RELEASE
1. Cyclic EMER REL push button - Press
95
Dual EGI Failure
1. Backup Instruments - SCAN, as required
2. #1 and #2 EGI PWR switches - OFF, then ON
96
MTS Uncommanded Lasing
1. ACI MASTER ARM - SAFE
2. LASER SELCT switch - SAFE
If lasing continues
FLIR bezel key > +FLIR OFF - Select
97
Hellfire Missile Hangfire
If rocket motor ignites and aircraft yaws:
1. Adjust controls as required to maintain straight and level flight
98
Rocket Hangfire
1. Point Weapon in a safe direction
2. Safe weapon
99
All Stores Jettison
1. ALL STORE JETT - Press
