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BIOARCHAEOLOGY > Siding bones > Flashcards

Siding bones Flashcards

1
Q

Scapula

A
  • Spine is posterior
  • Coracoid process (the smaller one) is anterior
  • Acromion (big hook attached to spine) is posterior
  • Pointed end of glenoid cavity is superior
  • Inferior surface of acromion is concave
  • Medial border is concave
  • Lateral border is convex
  • Posterior more rough
  • Inferior surface of caracoid is rough
  • Spine thins medially
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2
Q

Humerus

A
  • Intertubercular sulcus is anterior
  • Nutrient foramen is anterior
  • Olecranon fossa (bog one) posterior
  • Deltoid tuberosity is lateral
  • ‘greater tubercle anterior
  • Trochlea and capitulum anterior
  • Medial epicondyle biggest
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3
Q

Ulna

A
  • Trochlea notch anterior
  • Interosseous crest is lateral
  • Nutrient foramen exits distally
  • Styloid process posterior
  • Shaft tapers distally
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4
Q

Radius

A
  • Ulna notch (distal end) is medial
  • Interosseous crest medial
  • Nutrient foramen is anterior and distal
  • Radial tuberosity medial
  • Styloid process lateral
  • Anterior of distal end is smooth & flat
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5
Q

Os Coxa

A
  • Acetabulum is lateral
  • Greater sciatic notch is posterior
  • Auricular surface is posteromedial and rough
  • Pubis is anterior
  • Superior pubic ramus more robust than inferior
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6
Q

Femur

A
  • Trochanters posterior
  • Nutrient foramen posterior
  • Bone widens distally
  • Intercondylar notch is posterior
  • Linea aspera posterior
  • Fovea capitis displaced posteriorly & inferiorly
  • Medial condyle extends more distally
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7
Q

Tibia

A
  • Tibial tuberosity is anterior & lateral
  • Lateral intercondylar tubercle larger
  • Medial condyle larger
  • Interosseous crest is lateral & posterior
  • Malleolus is medial
  • Nutrient formaen posterior & proximal
  • Shaft tapers distally
  • Soleil line angles to medial side
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8
Q

Clavicle

A
  • Medial end is round
  • Rough on inferior surface
  • Anterior bowing at medial end
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9
Q

Rib

A
  • Head is medial and anterior
  • Inferior edge is sharp
  • Tubercles are inferior
  • Cranial edge thick and blunt
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10
Q

Zygomatic

A

-Foramena lateral

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11
Q

Parietal

A
  • Coronal suture (front) interfingers
  • Meningeal grooves point superior & posterior
  • Parietal striae are inferior
  • Thickest corners are occipital and mastoid angles
  • Arachnoid fovea is anterior
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12
Q

Temporal

A
  • Mastoid angles anteriorly
  • External acoustic meatus is anterior to mastoid
  • Internal acoustic meatus is posterior
  • Middle meningeal groove sweeps posteriorly
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13
Q

Fibula

A
  • Articulaar surfaces for tibia are medial
  • Flattened end distal
  • Malleolar fossa posterior
  • Styloid process lateral & displaced posteriorly
  • Neck roughest laterally
  • Nutrient foramen opend proximally
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14
Q

Talus

A
  • Saddle shape is superior
  • Head is anterior, larger malleolar surface lateral
  • Head medial when viewed from above
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15
Q

Calcaneus

A

-Shelf is medial

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16
Q

Cuboid

A
  • Wide, flat, nonarticular surface superolateral
  • Pointed calcaneal facet proximal
  • No articulation on lateral side
  • Look at flat surface with calcaneal facet toward you, tuberosity points to side.
  • Concave articular surface medial
17
Q

Navicular

A
  • Tubercle is medial

- Hold by tubercle with nonarticular side up, tip of tubercle points to side

18
Q

Medial (1st) cuneiform

A
  • Kidney shaped articular surface distal
  • Rough, nonarticular surface medial
  • Kidney facet away from you and navicular facet toward you, only other facet towards side.
19
Q

Intermediate (2nd) cuneiform

A
  • Dorsal surface broadest
  • Proximal articular surface most concave
  • Place flat surface up & concave facet away from you, most projecting corner of superior surface points to side.
20
Q

Lateral (3rd) cuneiform

A
  • View from navicular, more proximal at base on side

- Bobbly articular surfaces medial

21
Q

Metatarsals

A

-When viewed from above, styloid processes are on side

22
Q

Scaphoid

A
  • Concave facet toward you and tubercle up, tubercle leans to side
  • Head points to opposite side when viewed from above.
  • Tubercle is palmar & lateral (thumb side), concave surface distal
23
Q

Lunate

A

-Flat side on table and most concave facet toward you, remaining facet rises up and toward side.

24
Q

Triquetral

A
  • Smallest facet is for pisiform & medial

- Square facet distal, long facet medial, facet for pisiform is superior and on side.

25
Q

Pisiform

A

Facet toward you and bulk of nonarticular surface up, groove and nonarticular surface displaced to side.

26
Q

Trapezium

A

-Place tubercle on top and away from you with concave facets on either side, groove adjacent to tubercle is on side.

27
Q

TRapezoid

A

-Place sole of boot on table with “v” toward you, toe points to side.

28
Q

Capitate

A
  • Large, flat, nonarticular surface dorsal

- Concave surface of head medial

29
Q

Hamate

A

Place flat surface down with hook and 2 metacarpal facets away from you, hook leans to side.

30
Q

Metacarpals

A

1: When viewed dorsally, projection on medial side at base of shaft
2: Larger projecting articular surface on medial side of head when viewed dorsally
3: When viewed dorsally, styloid process on opposite side
4: More projection at base on opposite side.
5: More projection at base on side

31
Q

Cervical vertebrae

A
  • Transverse foramina are present
  • Spinous processes project fairly horizontally
  • Lack rib facets
32
Q

Thoracic vertebrae

A
  • 2 facets for ribs present
  • Vertebral canals small relative to body
  • Spinous processes angle inferiorly
33
Q

Lumbar vertebrae

A
  • Lack transverse foramina
  • Lack rib facets
  • Spinous processes are large and blunt

BIOARCHAEOLOGY (4 decks)

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