Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

STEP1 > SIDE EFFECTS > Flashcards

SIDE EFFECTS Flashcards

1
Q

Cutaneous Flushing

A 
Vancomycin
Adenosine
Niacin
Ca2+ channel blockers
Echinocandins
Nitrates

VANCEN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Coronary Vasospasm

A

Cocaine
Amphetamines
Sumatriptan
Ergot alkaloids

(CASE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

A

Alcohol
Anthracycline (eg, doxorubicin, daunorubicin; prevent with dexrazoxane)
Trastuzumab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Torsade de Pointes

A
  • AntiArrhythmics (class IA, III)
  • AntiBiotics (eg, macrolides, fluoroquinolones)
  • Anti“C”ychotics (especially ziprasidone, iloperidone, haloperidol, risperidone, thioridazine)
  • AntiDepressants (eg, TCAs (e.g., nortriptyline, -amitriptyline))
  • AntiEmetics (serotonin receptor antagonists antiemetics (e.g., ondansetron), metoclopramide)
  • Azoles (eg, fluconazole)
  • Antimalarials (e.g., artemether/lumefantrine, quinine, chloroquine)
  • Methadone
  • Electrolyte abnormalities (eg, hypomagnesemia)
  • Antivirals (protease inhibitors (eg, saquinavir, atazanavir))
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Agranulocytosis

A 
Dapsone 
Clozapine
Carbamazepine
Propylthiouracil
Methimazole
Colchicine
Ticlopidine
Ganciclovir
Chemotherapeutics

Drugs Can Cause Pretty Major Collapse To Granulocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Aplastic Anemia

A 
Carbamazepine
Methimazole
NSAIDs
Benzene
Chloramphenicol
Propylthiouracil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (Positive Coombs Test)

A

Penicillin
Methyldopa
Cephalosporins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS)

A

Allopurinol
Anticonvulsants
Antibiotics
Sulfa drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Gray Baby Syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hemolysis in G6PD Deficiency

A 
Isoniazid
Sulfonamides
Dapsone
Primaquine 
Aspirin
Ibuprofen
Nitrofurantoin
Fava beans 
Naphthalene
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Megaloblastic Anemia

A

Hydroxyurea
Phenytoin
Methotrexate
Sulfa drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A 
Indinavir
Heparin
Quinidine
Ganciclovir
Vancomycin
Linezolid
Abciximab
Cimetidine

I Have Quickly Gotten Very Low Amounts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Thrombotic complications

A

Combined oral contraceptives
Hormone replacement therapy
SERMs (eg, tamoxifen, raloxifene, clomiphene)

This side effect is mediated by increased estrogen level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dry Cough

A

ACE inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pulmonary Fibrosis

A 
Methotrexate
Nitrofurantoin
Carmustine
Bleomycin
Busulfan
Amiodarone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Diarrhea

A 
Acamprosate
Antidiabetic agents (acarbose, metformin, pramlintide)
Colchicine
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Lipid-lowering agents (eg, ezetimibe)
Orlistat
Niacin
Macrolides (eg, erythromycin)
SSRIs
Chemotherapeutic drugs (e.g., irinotecan, topotecan, erlotinib)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hepatic Necrosis

A

Halothane
Amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom)
Valproic acid
Acetaminophen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hepatitis

A 
Rifampin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Statins
Fibrates
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pancreatitis

A 
Didanosine
Corticosteroids
Alcohol
Valproic acid
Azathioprine
Diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pill-Induced Esophagitis

A 
Bisphosphonates
Oral iron supplementation (eg, ferrous sulfate)
NSAIDs
Potassium chloride
Tetracyclines

Caustic effect minimized with upright posture and adequate water ingestion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pseudomembranous Colitis

A 
Ampicillin
Cephalosporins
Clindamycin
Fluoroquinolones
PPIs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Acute Cholestatic Hepatitis (jaundice)

A

Macrolides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Adrenocortical Insufficiency

A

Corticosteroids (especially when discontinued suddenly after chronic intake)

24
Q

Diabetes Insipidus

A

Lithium

Demeclocycline

25
Q

Hot Flashes

A

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (e.g., tamoxifen, raloxifene, clomiphene)

26
Q

Hyperglycemia

A 
Tacrolimus
Protease inhibitors
Niacin
HCTZ
Corticosteroids
27
Q

Hyperprolactinemia

A 
Typical antipsychotics (eg, haloperidol)
Atypical antipsychotics (especially risperidone and amisulpride)
Metoclopramide
Methyldopa
Reserpine
Verapamil
28
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

Amiodarone
Lithium
Iodine or other iodine-containing drugs

29
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Amiodarone
Sulfonamides
Lithium

30
Q

SIADH

A

Carbamazepine
Cyclophosphamide
SSRIs

31
Q

Drug Induce Lupus (DILE)

A 
Methyldopa
Minocycline
Sulfa drugs
Hydralazine
Isoniazid
Procainamide
Phenytoin
Etanercept
32
Q

Fat Redistribution

A

Protease inhibitors

Glucocorticoids

33
Q

Gingival Hyperplasia

A

Cyclosporine
Ca2+ channel blockers
Phenytoin

34
Q

Hyperuricemia (gout)

A 
Pyrazinamide
Thiazides
Furosemide
Niacin
Cyclosporine
35
Q

Myopathy

A 
Statins
Fibrates
Niacin
Colchicine
Daptomycin
Hydroxychloroquine
Interferon-α
Penicillamine
Glucocorticoids
36
Q

Osteoporosis

A 
Corticosteroids
Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate
GnRH agonists
Aromatase inhibitors
Anticonvulsants
Heparin
PPIs
37
Q

Photosensitivity

A 
Sulfonamides
Amiodarone
Tetracyclines
Thiazides
5-FU 
Fluoroquinolones
38
Q

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

A

Anti-epileptic drugs:

  • Lamotrigine
  • Carbamazepine
  • Ethosuximide
  • Phenytoin
  • Phenobarbital

Allopurinol

Sulfa drugs

Penicillin

39
Q

Teeth Discoloration

A

Tetracyclines

40
Q

Tendon/Cartilage Damage

A

Fluoroquinolones

41
Q

Fanconi Syndrome

A 
Cisplatin
Ifosfamide
Expired tetracyclines
Tenofovir
Exposure to heavy metals (eg, Wilson disease)
42
Q

Hemorrhagic Cystitis

A

Cyclophosphamide
Ifosfamide

Prevent by coadministering with mesna

43
Q

Interstitial Nephritis

A 
Diuretics (eg, furosemide)
NSAIDs
Penicillins 
Cephalosporins
Proton pump inhibitors
Rifampin
Sulfa drugs
44
Q

Cinchonism

A

Quinidine

Quinine

45
Q

Parkinson-like Syndrome

A

Antipsychotics
Reserpine
Metoclopramide

46
Q

Peripheral Neuropathy

A 
lsoniazid
Phenytoin
Platinum agents (eg, cisplatin)
Vincristine 
Paclitaxel
47
Q

Pseudotumor Cerebri

A

Growth hormones
Tetracyclines
Chronic Vitamin A toxicity
Danazol

48
Q

Seizures

A 
Isoniazid (vitamin B6 deficiency)
Bupropion
Imipenem/cilastatin
Tramadol
Enflurane
49
Q

Tardive Dyskinesia

A

Antipsychotics
Reserpine
Metoclopramide

50
Q

Visual Disturbance

A

Topiramate (blurred vision/diplopia, haloes)
Digoxin (xanthopsia [yellow-tinged vision])
Isoniazid (optic neuropathy/color vision changes)
Vigabatrin (bilateral visual field defects)
PDE-5 inhibitors (cyanopsia; blue-tinged vision)
Hydroxychloroquine (visual acuity, visual field defects)
Ethambutol (color vision changes)
Carbamazepine (diplopia)

51
Q

Antimuscarinic

A

Atropine
TCAs
H1-blockers
Antipsychotics

52
Q

Disulfuram-like Reaction

A 
1st-generation Sulfonylureas
Procarbazine
Some cephalosporins
Griseofulvin
Metronidazole
53
Q

Nephrotoxicity

A 
Loop diuretics
Aminoglycosides
Cisplatin
Vancomycin
Amphotericin B

Cisplatin toxicity may respond to amifostine.

54
Q

Ototoxicity

A 
Loop diuretics
Aminoglycosides
Cisplatin
Vancomycin
Amphotericin B

Cisplatin toxicity may respond to amifostine.

55
Q

Mydriasis (increase pupil size)

A
  • Anticholinergics (atropine, tropicamide, scopolamine)
  • Antipsychotics (haloperidol, risperidone, olanzapine)
  • Antihistamines with anticholinergic activity (diphenhydramine, doxylamine, chlorpheniramine)
  • Opioids with anticholinergic activity (meperidine)
  • Antidepressants with anticholinergic activity (TCAs)
  • Sympathomimetics (epinephrine, amphetamines, LSD, cocaine)
56
Q

Miosis (decrease pupil size)

A
  • Sympatholytics (eg, α2-agonist [clonidine, methyldopa])
  • Opioids (heroin, morphine)
  • Parasympathomimetics (pilocarpine, carbachol, organophosphates, physostigmine, echothiophate)
  • α-blockers (tamsulosin, phenoxybenzamine)
57
Q

Gynecomastia

A
  • Antiandrogens (e.g., finasteride, bicalutamide, cyproterone acetate, flutamide)
  • High-dose cimetidine (H2 receptor blocker)
  • Ketoconazole
  • Spironolactone
  • Chemotherapy drugs (e.g., cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, bleomycin, cisplatin, vincristine) (may cause Leydig cell failure → ↓ testosterone production)
  • Exogenous androgens and androgenic steroids (aromatase enzyme converts testosterone to estrogen. High levels of testosterone (e.g., in androgen misuse in athletes) can cause high levels of estrogen)
  • Estrogen receptor stimulators (estrogens, digitalis compounds)
  • Marijuana
  • HAART drugs (The exact mechanism by which HAART causes gynecomastia is unknown. HAART can cause peripheral body fat redistribution, which may result in the increased aromatization of androgens to estrogens)

STEP1 (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions