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Unit 3 Pharm III > Side effects > Flashcards

Side effects Flashcards

1
Q

“Central Alpha Agonists”

A

Sedation/drowsiness
Xerostomia
Orthostatic hypotension

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2
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

Lisinopril (ACE-I)

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3
Q

extrapyramidal symptoms/tardive dyskinesia

A

Metoclopramide

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4
Q

Kills healthy intestinal flora, leading

to C. difficile infections

A

Clindamycin

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5
Q

Non-selective Beta blockers

A 
Bronchospasm
worsen CHF
raise lipids
impaired glucose tolerance
fatigue
decreased libido/impotence
depression
insomnia
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6
Q

Possible serotonin syndrome if combined with other serotonergic drugs

A

Tramadol/Nucynta

Ondasetron (Zofran)

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7
Q

Calcium Carbonate

A

Hypercalcemia

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8
Q

blue-black hyperpigmentation

A

Minocycline

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9
Q

Disulfiram like reaction

A

flagyl

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10
Q

Osmotic laxatives SE

A

GI discomfort, bloating

caution:
Mg-containing laxatives and hypermagnesemia in pts with renal insufficiency

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11
Q

Cardioselective beta blockers

A

Reduced SE but not eliminated

Raise lipids

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12
Q

QT prolongation / Torsades

A

Methadone
Buprenorphine patch
Ondansetron (Zofran)
Quinolones

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13
Q

Adverse reactions to anti-diarrheals

A

Ileus

Toxic megacolon

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14
Q

Mirtazapine (Remeron) SE

A

↑ appetite, weight gain
↑ cholesterol
constipation
dry mouth

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15
Q

Ototoxicity

A

Loop diuretics, especially ethacrynic acid

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16
Q

URIs

A

Montelukast

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17
Q

Red man syndrome

A

Vancomycin

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18
Q

ICS SE

A

Thrush

Hoarseness

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19
Q

Digoxin toxicity

A

Cardiac arrhythmias
GI→ N/V/D/A, abdominal pain,
Neuro→ Confusion, weakness, lethargy, fatigue, delirium, disorientation
Visual disturbances

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20
Q

Mesalamine

A 
Increased appetite and weight gain
increased risk of infection
low bone density/osteoporosis
worsening diabetes
PUD
cataracts
adrenal insufficiency
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21
Q

infections
hepatotoxicity
malignancies

A

Immunomodulators and Biologics

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22
Q

Vancomycin SE

A

Nephrotoxicity and hearing loss (esp. with aminoglycoside use)
Red man syndrome with rapid infusion

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23
Q

Montelukast SE

A 
URIs
headache
abdominal
pain
mood changes*
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24
Q

Magnesium containing antacids

A

Diarrhea

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25
Q

Nitrates

A

Orthostatic hypotension
tachycardia
throbbing HA

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26
Q

Black tongue, mouth, stool

A

Pepto-bismol

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27
Q

Dicyclomine (Bentyl)

A

Anticholinergic SE

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28
Q

Cartilage abnormalities

A

Quinolones

29
Q

First dose phenomenon (orthostatic hypotension)

A

Alpha 1 adrenergic Antagonists

30
Q

Less sexual side effects as compared to SSRIs

A

Mirtazapine (Remeron)

Bupropion (Wellbutrin)

31
Q 
Decrease libido
Insomnia
HA, dizziness, nervousness, fatigue
Somnolence
Nausea
A

SSRIs

also genrally SNRIs, most antidepressants

32
Q

Take it with food (idk why)

A

Venlafaxine (Effexor)

33
Q

High doses can precipitate gout

A

Loop diuretics

Thiazide diuretics

34
Q

Rx GI agents SE

Lubiprostone (Amitiza)
Linaclotide (Linzess)
Plecanatide (Trulance)

35
Q

Bupropion (Wellbutrin) SE

A

weight loss
dry mouth
tachycardia
dizziness

36
Q

ACE inhibitors side effects

A 
Dry cough
orthostatic hypotension
hyperkalemia
angioedema
 rash
37
Q

Increased BP, diaphoresis

A

Venlafaxine (Effexor)

Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)

38
Q

SABA side effects

A 
Tachycardia
tremor
nervousness/shaky
dizziness
upset stomach
insomnia
39
Q

Mood changes

A

Montelukast

40
Q

Alpha 1 adrenergic Antagonists

A 
*Orthostatic hypotension* (“first dose phenomenon”)
Fatigue
weakness
nasal congestion
HA

+/- Beneficial effect on lipids

41
Q

Cause sedation

A

1st generation antihistamines

42
Q

Non-dihydropyridines

A

Constipation, bradycardia, SA dysfunction, heart block

43
Q

Complicate PUD

A

NSAIDs
Anticoagulants
Aspirin
Steroids

44
Q

Stimulant laxatives SE

Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
Senna (Senokot)

A

GI cramping
rarely lyte
disturbances
melanosis coli

45
Q

Ejaculation disorder

A

Escitalopram (Lexapro)

46
Q

Anticholinergic SE

A 
headache
dry mouth
cough
nausea
blurred vision
dizziness
47
Q

Tendon rupture

48
Q

Angioedema

A

ACE inhibitors

49
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Risk of sodium/fluid retention

50
Q

Long acting nitrates

A

tolerance develops

51
Q

Stool softener SE (Docusate)

A

GI cramping

52
Q

Dry cough

A

ACE inhibitors

53
Q

PPIs SE

A

Nutrient malabsorption (Ca, Mg, B12, Fe)
Osteoporosis related fractures→ Consider obtaining bone density scan
C. difficile / enteric infections
Kidney disease

54
Q

“Black Box” warning – Serious risk outweighs benefits when treating simple infections
Recent concern for increasing risk of aortic aneurysm and dissection

A

Quinolones

55
Q

Bulk forming laxatives SE

A

Flatulence, bloating

Need Fiber + FLUID

56
Q

Sedating

drug-induced parkinsonism

A

Promethazine (phenergan)

Prochlorperazine (Compazine)

57
Q

Associated with more weight gain than the other SSRIs

A

Paroxetine (Paxil)

58
Q

SE long acting Dihydropyridine CCBs

59
Q

ARBs side effects

A

Orthostatic hypotension

hyperkalemia

60
Q

Cephalosporins

A

Relatively favorable safety profile:
Rare effects include

neutropenia
thrombocytosis
hemolysis
diarrhea
elevated LFTs
61
Q

Cross-sensitivity: 5-10% of those allergic to PCN will also react to a ______

A

Cephalosporin

62
Q

Digoxin SE

A

Arrhythmias
headache
fatigue
drowsiness

63
Q

Cause urinary retention and increased IOP

A

1st generation antihistamines

Sudafed

64
Q

Aluminum hydroxide

A

Constipation

65
Q

Metformin

A

Lactic acidosis

Especially in setting of kidney impairment

66
Q

SE short acting Dihydropyridine CCBs

A

mild to moderate reflex tachycardia
\headache
flushing
peripheral edema

67
Q

Adverse side effects of opioids

A 
N/V
constipation
sedation
cognitive dysfunction
resp depression
fall risk
pruritus
myoclonus and hyperalgesia
68
Q

Oral glucocorticoid side effects

A

anxiety
agitation
insomnia
increased appetite

69
Q

Aggravate or cause diarrhea

A 
Mg
Reglan
Augmentin
Metformin
Colchicine

Unit 3 Pharm III (10 decks)

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