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Abx > Side effects > Flashcards

Side effects Flashcards

1
Q

TMP-SMX

A

Hyper K in renal injured patients

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2
Q

Rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide

A

Centrolobular hepatitis

*give B6/pyridoxine with isoniazid to prevent peripheral neuropathy

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3
Q

Rifampin

A

Flu-like hyper-sensitivity syndrome

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4
Q

Pyrazinamide

A

Gout

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5
Q

Ethambutol

A

Optic neuritis, red/green color-blind

Blocks arabinosyl transferase (myco cell walls)

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6
Q

Acyclovir

A

Generally well-tolerated, except CNS if dosed inappropriately in renal patients

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7
Q

Ganciclovir

A

Neutropenia

Thrombocytopenia

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8
Q

Foscarnet

A

Dose-dependent renal toxicity

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9
Q

Oseltamivir

A

Neuropsychiatric

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10
Q

Zidovudine

A

Granulocytopenia

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11
Q

Lamivudine

A

Neutropenia
Pancreatitis
Rash

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12
Q

Efavirenz

A

Rash

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13
Q

Maraviroc

A

Susceptibility to microbes combatted by cell mediated immunity (TB, fungi)

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14
Q

Amprenavir

Ritonavir

A

Lipodystrophy syndrome: hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia

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15
Q

Fluroquinolones (-floxin)

A

Some 2nd gen: QT prolongation, torsades de pointes

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16
Q

Metronidazole

A

Disulfiram reaction (vasodilation and tachyarrhythmias)

17
Q

Gentamycin/Tobramycin

A

Nephrotoxic ONLY IF USED FOR LONG TIME

8th cranial nerve toxicity

Neuromuscular blockade

18
Q

Doxycycline

A

Photosensitivity

Chelates cations

19
Q

Azithromycin

A

GI distress

Torsades de pointes

20
Q

Linezolid

A

Agranulocytosis

21
Q

Clindamycin

A

Most associated with C. diff

22
Q

Lactams (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenem and monobactam)

A

Allergy: anaphylaxis, hives, angioedema

Maculpapular (lumpy/bumpy) skin rash
If from aminopenicillins, due to IgM, not IgE, not cross reactive with other penicillins

Penicillins and 1st gen ceph share cross-reactivity

Monobactams don’t cross-react with other lactams

People with penicillin allergies WON’T react to 2nd gen cephalosporins and higher

Ipipenem: seizures

23
Q

Vancomycin

A

Red man syndrome: flushing, tachycardia, hypotension if given too rapidly

24
Q

Daptomycin

A

Rhabdomyolysis

25
Q

Colistin

A

Nephrotoxic

26
Q

Imidazoles/clotrimazole

A

Too toxic for systemic use

27
Q

Triazoles

Allylamines

A

Systemic: rare hepatotoxcity

CYP inhibition leading to drug interactions

28
Q

Amphotericin B

A

Acute: fever, chills, hypotension during IV infusion

Chronic: Renal, Mg and P wasting, renal tubular acidosis, bone marrow suppression

29
Q

Flucytosine

A

GI mucosa sloughing, centrolobular hepatits, bone marrow cytopenia

Abx (2 decks)

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