Sickle Cell Flashcards
Trental
Phentoxifylline
Helps flow
reduces blood cells from sticking to vessel
eases flow through vasculature
can increase flexibility of RBCs
Can be for intermittent claudicataion (pain in legs when walking)
Max dose of acetaminophen within a day
4g
4,000 mg
Droxia
hydroxyurea
chemo drug that increases fetal hemoglobin F to replace Hgb S
Folic acid
We need it for red blood cells to fully mature
Normal Hgb for males
14 - 18
What causes crisis?
Repeated low oxygen
Why are renal failure patients ALWAYS anemic
erythropoietin is manufactured in the juxtaglomerular cellsR
RBC lifespan
4 months
120 days
How long does a sickle cell last?
15 days
Folic acid and hydroxyurea can do what?
prevent the destruction of RBCs and prolong their life
S&S SCD
fatigue
pallor (oral membranes for African Americans)
Jaundice
Bigger facial bones (due to overproduction of RBCs)
Priaprism
What are some common triggers?
Why is it difficult to crossmatch blood to transfuse?
Immune system is really good at recognizing foreign bodies, so even if it is typed and matched, it can still reject
Hydroxyurea stuff
No absorn into skin, causes damage, especially to fetus in preggo
Increases Hemoglobin F which is produced from 2 weeks in the womb to 2 years old
The goal of hydroxurea is to lengthen lifespan of RBC
Lots of interactions and toxic problems, must be treated very carefully - it’s a chemo drug
dosing PO once a day with full glass of water - GI stuff
Blackbox warning Myeloid warning, suppression to myeloid tissue
Systolic murmur
Between S1 and S2
Turbulence
What does grading mean in murmur?
Loudness
Normal PaO2
80-100 mmHg
How fast should blood be given
One pack over 2 hours
In the case study the patient received two units over three hours - a little fast outside of an emergency
What kind of diuretic for fast acting?
Loop
Works on the loop of Henle
Why is getting pain adequately controlled a problem for SCD in an ED
Need heavy painkillers
Looks like a drug seeker
