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Schwartz GI Dses > SI Ana, Histo, Physio > Flashcards

SI Ana, Histo, Physio Flashcards

1
Q

Small intestine is a tubular structure that extends from what to what

A

pylorus to cecum

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2
Q

Small intestine measurement in cm

A

4 - 6 cm

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3
Q

3 segments of small intestine

A

DJI
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

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4
Q

DUODENUM JEJUNUM ILEUM

Most proximal segment of SI

A

Duodenum

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5
Q

DUODENUM JEJUNUM ILEUM

Proximal 40% of the jejunoileal segment

A

Jejunum

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6
Q

DUODENUM JEJUNUM ILEUM

Distal 60% of the jejunoileal segment

A

Ileum

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7
Q

Duodenum demarcated from the stomach by

A

pylorus

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8
Q

Duodenum demarcated from jejunum by

A

Ligament of Treitz

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9
Q

Ileum demarcated from the cecum by

A

ileocecal valve

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10
Q

Intraperitoneal or Retroperitoneal

1st part of duodenum

A

Intraperitoneal

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11
Q

Intraperitoneal or Retroperitoneal

2nd, 3rd, 4th part of duodenum

A

Retroperitoneal

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12
Q

Intraperitoneal or Retroperitoneal

Jejunum

A

Intraperitoneal

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13
Q

Intraperitoneal or Retroperitoneal

Ileum

A

Intraperitoneal

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14
Q

DUODENUM JEJUNUM ILEUM

Curves in a C shape around the head of the pancreas

A

Duodenum

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15
Q

DUODENUM JEJUNUM ILEUM

Larger circumference; thicker walls

A

Jejunum

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16
Q

DUODENUM JEJUNUM ILEUM

Smaller circumference; thin walls

A

Ileum

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17
Q

DUODENUM JEJUNUM ILEUM

Has 4 parts

A

Duodenum

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18
Q

DUODENUM JEJUNUM ILEUM

Located in the left upper

A

Jejunum

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19
Q

DUODENUM JEJUNUM ILEUM

Located in the right lower

A

Ileum

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20
Q

2nd portion of duodenum

A

Ampulla of Vater; Sphincter of Oddi

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21
Q

4th portion of duodenum

A

Ligament of Treitz

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22
Q

JEJUNUM ILEUM

More prominent plicae circularis

A

Jejunum

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23
Q

JEJUNUM ILEUM

More numerous Peyer’s patches

A

Ileum

24
Q

JEJUNUM ILEUM

More fatty mesentery

A

Ileum

25
Q

JEJUNUM ILEUM

Longer vasa recta

A

Jejunum

26
Q

SI position

A

Central

27
Q

LI position

A

Peripheral

28
Q

SI septa

A

Complete (Valvulae conniventes/Kerckring folds/valves/)

29
Q

LI septa

A

Incomplete (Haustra)

30
Q

Most of the duodenum blood supply

A

Celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery

31
Q

Distal duodenum, jejunum, ileum blood supply

A

Superior mesenteric artery

32
Q

Venous Drainage of SI

A

Superior mesenteric vein

33
Q

Lymph Drainage of SI

A

mesenteric lymph nodes ➔ cisterna chyli ➔ thoracic duct ➔ left subclavian vein

34
Q

Innervation of SI

A

Parasympathetic: Vagus nerve
Sympathetic: Splanchnic nerve

35
Q

Epithelium Lamina propria Muscularis mucosae

Where absorption from and secretion into the lumen occurs

A

Epithelium

36
Q

Epithelium Lamina propria Muscularis mucosae

Consists of connective tissue and population of cells

A

Lamina propria

37
Q

Epithelium Lamina propria Muscularis mucosae

Thin sheet of smooth muscle cells

A

Muscularis mucosae

38
Q

finger-like projections of epithelium

A

Villi

39
Q

Intestinal, epithelial cellular proliferation

A

Crypts (crypts of Lieberkuhn)

40
Q

Predominant absorptive cell of the intestinal epithelium

A

Enterocytes

41
Q

Produce mucin; role in mucosal defense against pathogens

A

Goblet cells

42
Q

Secretory granules containing regulatory agents

A

Enteroendocrine cells

43
Q

Located at the base of the crypt and contain secretory granules

A

Paneth cells

44
Q

Layers of wall of the small intestine from innermost layer

A

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis propria
Serosa

45
Q

Innermost layer of the SI

A

Mucosa

46
Q

Layer of wall of the SI that has dense CT and a heterogeneous population of cells

A

Submucosa

47
Q

Layer of wall of the SI that has extensive network of vascular and lymphatic vessels, nerve fibers, ganglion cells of submucosal (Meissner’s) plexus

A

Submucosa

48
Q

Layer of wall of the SI that has outer, longitudinally-oriented layer and an inner, circularly-oriented layer of
smooth muscle fibers

OUTER LONGITUDINAL
INNER CIRCULAR

A

Muscularis Propria

49
Q

Located at the interface between SUBMUCOSA and MUSCULARS PROPRIA are ganglion cells of the of what plexus

A

Myenteric (Auerbach’s) plexus

50
Q

Layer of wall of the SI consists of a single layer of mesothelial cells

A

Serosa

51
Q

Layer of wall of the SI that is a component of the visceral peritoneum

A

Serosa

52
Q

Glucose and galactose ENTER the enterocyte through secondary active transport via

A

SGLT1

53
Q

Glucose and galactose are EXTRUDED basolaterally through facilitated diffusion via

A

GLUT2

54
Q

Fructose ENTERS through facilitated diffusion via

A

GLUT5

55
Q

Fructose is extruded basolaterally via

A

GLUT5

56
Q

Major source of energy for enterocytes

A

Glutamine

Schwartz GI Dses (2 decks)

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