Show Me The Money and governance because I'm stupid

Question 1

Where do nation governments get their money?

Answer 1

Taxation- not all have this
User fees
Transfer payments- contribution from government used for specific reasons like housing, education. Etc

Question 2

What are sources of capital for FN?

Answer 2

Non business’s- family friends, banks, reinvested profits
Aboriginal business’s - INAC dollars for administrative programs, contribution agreements
Discretionary dollars - SIGA dollars, governments, TLE,

Question 3

What are SIGA dollars?

Answer 3

FSIN has create SIGA to operate the casinos on behalf of the fn. it was created because of a jurisdictional dispute

Question 4

What happened in whitebear and what was created because of it?

Answer 4

In 1993 the fn brought in slot machines and equipment to open their own casino, the RCMP shut them down and went through the courts(still not resolved).
In 1995 the gaming act was created and in 2002 a 25 year agreement was signed. This is SIGA.

Question 5

How does SIGA work?

Answer 5

SIGA owns the casinos, whitecap will gain the rent on the land where the casino is. Fn can also put in the gaming tax like in a regular casino and gain profit that way too

Question 6

How does SIGA allocate its funds?

Answer 6

50% to the FN trust
25% to provincial governments
25% to the community developments corporations

Question 7

How does SGC allocate its funds?

Answer 7

50% to the province
25% to the First Nations trust
25% to community development

Question 8

What is the First Nations trust?

Answer 8

The beneficiaries are every fn community and some First Nation institutions.
The allocation is based on population and you have to use the money for economic development, social development, justice, health, education, recreation and culture

Question 9

What are community development funds?

Answer 9

Each casino on fn land has one, it is used to invest in major investment opportunity that is lacking in communities, like senior development, recreation and health facilities, etc.

Question 10

What is AANDC created for?

Answer 10

Strengthen aboriginal entrepreneurship, develop aboriginal human capital, enhance the value of aboriginal assets, forging new and effective partnership

Question 11

What are the aboriginal financial institutions?

Answer 11

Clarence campeau fund, Indian equity foundation, sask métis economic development corporation, community futures groups, traditional banks

Question 12

What is the Clarence campeau fund?

Answer 12

Established my the Metis society to ensure Metis entrepreneurs have business skills, there are several different programs involved, like loan equity programs, energy and resource program, aftercare program, community development program etc

Question 13

What is the Saskatchewan Indian equity foundation?

Answer 13

Owned by the 75 sask First Nations affiliated with FSIN. Used for loans, business services and rates between 8.5 and 12.5%

Question 14

What is section 89?

Answer 14

The real and personal property of an Indian or a band stimulated on the reserve is not subject to charge, pledge, mortgage, attachment, love you, seizure, distress or execution in favour of or at the instance of any person other than Indian or band.

Question 15

What are some issues with section 89?

Answer 15

Banks won’t loan to fn because they can’t take away property as long as it is on fn land.
Banks now have special lending for fn people.
There is FNLMA to get around this too

Question 16

What is Daniels decision?

Answer 16

Was an application that sought a delegation that:

• Metis and non status Indians are “Indians” within the meaning of section 91 of the Canada Constitution
• The government, federal, owe a fiduciary duty to the Métis people and nonstatus Indians as aboriginal peoples
• BT and non-says Indians have a right to be consulted a negotiated with by the federal government

Question 17

What are the three different governance structures?

Answer 17

Metis government, self government, FN governance

Question 18

How does Metis government work?

Answer 18

Falls under provincial government, no land base, no special relationship between crown in terms of government structure, but in 2013 court ruled that Metis people went under terms of Indian and now fall under federal jurisdiction.

Question 19

What is First Nations governance?

Answer 19

Under the Indian act elections, jurisdiction, powers and authorities, and taxation all have specific rules.
A First Nation can have self-government, there are various arrangements and stages that happen, opting out of several programs that the Indian act has to offer is common

Question 20

What are the four methods of elections?

Answer 20

Indian, then custom, self government, and first Nations election act.

Question 21

Tell yourself about the First Nations elections act.

Answer 21

Passed in 2014, can opt into this system, intent to cover short falls of the Indian act, intent to have fully established procedures and regulations for fn

Question 22

How does self government work?

Answer 22

It isn’t under the Indian act, fn can establish their own laws and policies, elections vary per community, AANDC is not involved, will not interpret or resolve disputes, dispute go to court

Question 23

Business charter

Answer 23

Sets the rules for how the community will do Economic development, establishes roles and responsibilities for membership, chief and Council, Board of Directors, management. They also stab Lish is how to distribute profits, resolution process and criteria for investment

Question 24

Where to governments get money from?

Answer 24

Taxes-‘federal, provincial and consumption
User fees- passport, parks fees, business licences
Other governments- transfer payments