Shoulder Musculature

Question 1

Serratus Anterior

Answer 1

★ Insertion
Medial border of the scapula
★ Isolated function
Concentrically accelerates scapular protraction
★ Integrated function
Eccentrically decelerates dynamic scapular retraction
Isometrically stabilizes the scapula

Question 2

Rhomboid Major

Rhomboid Minor

Answer 2

★ Insertion
Medial border of the scapula
★ Isolated function
Concentrically produces scapular retraction and downward rotation
★ Integrated function
Eccentrically decelerates scapular protraction and upward rotation
Isometrically stabilizes the scapula

Question 3

Lower Trapezius

Answer 3

★ Insertion
Spine of the scapula
★ Isolated function
Concentrically accelerates scapular depression
★ Integrated function
Eccentrically decelerates scapular elevation
Isometrically stabilizes the scapula

Question 4

Middle Trapezius

Answer 4

★ Insertion
Acromion process of the scapula
Superior aspect of the spine of the scapula
★ Isolated function
Concentrically accelerates scapular retraction
★ Integrated function
Eccentrically decelerates scapular elevation
Isometrically stabilizes the scapula

Question 5

Upper Trapezius

Answer 5

★ Insertion
Lateral third of the clavicle
Acromion process of the scapula
★ Isolated function
Concentrically accelerates cervical extension, lateral flexion, and rotation
Concentrically accelerates scapular elevation
★ Integrated function
Eccentrically decelerates cervical flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation
Eccentrically decelerates scapular depression
Isometrically stabilizes the cervical spine and scapula

Question 6

Pectoralis Major

Answer 6

★ Insertion
Greater tubercle of the humerus
★ Isolated function
Concentrically accelerates shoulder flexion (clavicular fibers), horizontal adduction, and internal rotation.
★ Integrated function
Eccentrically decelerates shoulder extension, horizontal abduction, and external rotation
Isometrically stabilizes the shoulder girdle

Question 7

Pectoralis Minor

Answer 7

★ Insertion
Coracoid process of the scapula
★ Isolated function
Concentrically protracts the scapula
★ Integrated function
Eccentrically decelerates scapular retraction
Isometrically stabilizes the shoulder girdle

Question 8

Anterior Deltoid

Answer 8

★ Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
★ Isolated function
Concentrically accelerates shoulder flexion and internal rotation
★ Integrated function
Eccentrically decelerates shoulder extension and external rotation
Isometrically stabilizes the shoulder girdle

Question 9

Medial Deltoid

Answer 9

★ Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
★ Isolated function
Concentrically accelerates shoulder abduction
★ Integrated function
Eccentrically decelerates shoulder adduction
Isometrically stabilizes the shoulder girdle

Question 10

Posterior Deltoid

Answer 10

★ Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
★ Isolated function
Concentrically accelerates shoulder extension and external rotation
★ Integrated function
Eccentrically decelerates shoulder flexion and internal rotation
Isometrically stabilizes the shoulder girdle

Question 11

Teres Major

Answer 11

★ Insertion
Lesser tubercle of the humerus
★ Isolated function
Concentrically accelerates shoulder internal rotation, adduction, and extension
★ Integrated function
Eccentrically decelerates shoulder external rotation, abduction and flexion
Isometrically stabilizes the shoulder girdle