Shoulder Injuries: MOI and S/Sx Flashcards
Clavicle Fracture S/Sx
- Patient supporting arm and tilting head toward injured side
- lowered clavicle on affected side
- step off deformity
- swelling, point tenderness, deformity
Clavicle Fracture MOI
FOOSH,
Fall on tip of shoulder,
Direct impact
most occur in the middle 1/3
Biceps Brachii Rupture S/Sx
loud snap, sudden intense pain, weakness, bulge near middle of biceps
Biceps Brachii Rupture MOI
irritation of the transverse humeral ligament & degeneration of long head of the biceps tendon
Biceps Brachii Tendinopathy
MIO: rotator cuff dysfunction, overuse of biceps brachia muscle, subacromial impingement
S&S: pain over bicipital groove, swelling, warmth, crepitus, snapping if tendon is subliming
Sternoclavicular Joint Injury MOI
Longitudinal force on the clavicle
- FOOSH, hit on the lateral portion of the shoulder, or traction forces
Glenohumeral Instability
Repetitive throwing, the anterior shear force that leads to stretching of static stabilizers, increased demands on dynamic stabilizers
Weakness, instability, excessive mobility
Scapular Dyskinesis MOI
MOI: gradual onset due to poor scapular function due to abnormal motion, position, or stability. common in patients with other shoulder conditions.
Scapular Dyskinesis S/Sx
S/Sx: pain localized over coracoid process, superior/medial border of scapula,
AC joint, subacromial space. abdnormal scapular positioning/movement, ex: scapular winging
Sternoclavicular Joint Injury S/Sx
Pain with protraction, retraction, and joint play
Posterior dislocations = medical emergency!
- Threat to the subclavian artery and vein, trachea, and esophagus
SLAP Lesions
MOI: Results from overhead throwing, acute or chronic, tears to the labrum anterior to posterior
S&S: Clinically inconsistent symptoms, pain between AC and coracoid during overhand movements, dead arm symptoms (loss of control and velocity)
Brachial Plexus Injury MOI
Tension or compression of the brachial plexus
Tension – neck forced laterally to opposite side while the shoulder is depressed
Compression – common with tackling
Brachial Plexus Injury S/Sx
Burning, numbness, tingling, and pain down the arm
May last seconds to several days
Shoulder Subluxation MOI
Forced ER and ABD of humerus
excessive translation without complete separation from joint
Primary Impingement MOI
Due to altered structure that increases compression
Subacromial Impingement MOI (General)
- Compression of the structures under the coracoacromial arch
- Impingement most often occurs in repetitive overhead activities (↓ space creates compression)
Anterior Dislocation MOI
Forced ER and ABD of humerus
translation of humeral head leading to complete joint separation
Nontraumatic posterior instability
Secondary Impingement MOI
- Closely related with shoulder instability
- Instability leads to excessive translation of humeral head that leads to increased compression
Acromioclavicular sprain: MOI
FOOSH, blow to the superior acromion process
Subacromial Impingement S/Sx
Pain when lifting arms above head or reaches backward. Pain over area
Acromioclavicular sprain: S/Sx
Type I: Point tenderness over the AC joint; no laxity/deformity
Type II: Slight laxity and deformity & slight step deformity
Type III: Obvious dislocation of the distal end of the clavicle from the acromion process
Type IV: Posterior clavicle displacement into the insertion of the upper fibers of the traps
Type V: Displacement of the involved clavicle from the acromion & clavicle is posteriorly displaced
Type VI: Displacement of the clavicle inferiorly under the coracoid
