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Z Sem 2 Kines Shoulder/Elbow > Shoulder-elbow kines - Sheet1 > Flashcards

Shoulder-elbow kines - Sheet1 Flashcards

1
Q

sc motion during arm elevation

A

predominantly rotation, then retraction then a little elevation, more retraction in abduction than flexion

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2
Q

acromioclavicular ligament

A

prevent separation of clavical and acromion

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3
Q

coracoclavicular ligaments

A

don’t cross joint; stabilize AC joint but doesn’t cross it; important for quadraped and upward rotation. Couples numeral elevation and scapular upward rotation, coracoid process moves down causing ligament to be taut, clavicle pulled into post rotation which allows further upward rotation of scapula

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4
Q

main AC joint motion during arm elevation

A

posterior tilt > upward rotation >internal rotation

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5
Q

scapular internal rotation with arm elevation

A

internal rotation increases then decreases especially with flexion

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6
Q

normal scapular postion at end range elevation

A

10-20 deg internal rotation; 10 deg post tilt; minimal elevation; acromion at C6-7; minimal abduction

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7
Q

subacromial space size

A

10mm arm at side; 5mm arm elevated

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8
Q

humeral retroversion

A

normal adult 30 deg; greater birth-4 years; adult values by age 19; increased retroversion in throwers

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9
Q

glenoid fossa orientation

A

lateral and 5 deg upward tilt

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10
Q

GH joint closed packed position

A

abduction and lateral rotation

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11
Q

superior glenohumeral ligament

A

taut in full adduction>lateral rotation with arm at side; limit anterior and inferior glide

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12
Q

middle glenohumeral ligament

A

limit external rotation and anterior translation from 0-60 deg abduction

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13
Q

inferior glenohumeral ligament

A

major contributor to joint stability; all fibers in tension >45 deg abduction to limit inferior glide; anterior band limits external rotation; posterior band limits internal rotation

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14
Q

coracohumeral ligament

A

from coracoid process to greater tubercle; taut with adduction/lateral rotation in both flexion and extension; restricts inferior displacement and posterior glide in flexion

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15
Q

rotator interval contents

A

superior GH ligament; CH ligament; long head of biceps tendon

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16
Q

posterior GH capsule

A

limits flexion/horizontal adduction/medial rotation

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17
Q

GH stability <90deg elevation

A

mostly from rotatator cuff muscles

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18
Q

GH flexion

A

120 deg

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19
Q

GH extension

A

55 deg

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20
Q

GH abduction

A

120 deg

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21
Q

GH horizontal adduction

A

45 deg

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22
Q

GH internal rotation

A

70 deg

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23
Q

GH external rotation

A

arm abducted 90 deg; arm at side 70 deg

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24
Q

position in which supraspinatus fibers have best mechanical advantage

A

scapular plane elevation

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25
Q

humeral motion in gleniod

A

less glide during active vs. passive movement

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26
Q

humeral spinning arthrokinematics

A

occurs with flexion and ER/IR when arm 90 deg abducted

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27
Q

scapular static alignment

A

vertebral border vertical and 3 inches from spine; 10-15deg ant tilt; 30-40 deg internal rotation; resting between T2-T7

28
Q

clavicle static alignment

A

slight upward slope; 20 deg retraction

29
Q

capsular pattern of restriction

A

lost: external rotation>abduction>internal rotation

30
Q

humeral movement

A

no scapular motion during rotation; some LR with abduction and flexion; should not see superior glide

31
Q

best scapular upward rotator and posterior tilter

A

serratus anterior

32
Q

GH closed packed position

A

abduction and lateral rotation

33
Q

GH resting position

A

slight elevation in scapular plane

34
Q

upper trap actions

A

retract and elevate clavicle; acts on SC joint; balances forces to allow normal scapular upward rotation

35
Q

middle trap actions

A

act on AC joint; externally rotate and adduct scapula

36
Q

lower trap actions

A

acts on AC joint; twice the external rotator as mid trap; upward rotator early in range; depress scapula

37
Q

force “couple” for scapular upward rotation

A

trap and serratus anterior

38
Q

rhomboid actions

A

adduction; elevation; external rotation; downward rotation; prime stabilizer during humeral movement below 90 deg; usually stronger than traps since used more often

39
Q

levator scap actions

A

similar to rhomboids plus slight anterior tilt

40
Q

main deltoid action

A

abduction; small moment arm lower than 45 deg (supraspinatus better abductor at beginning of range)

41
Q

rotator cuff and deltoid force couple

A

rotator cuff offsets superior force of deltoid vector

42
Q

arm in abduction; moment arm of supraspinatus favors _______

A

external rotation

43
Q

Supraspinatus moment arm for abduction decreased with humeral __________ rotation

A

internal

44
Q

arm in flexion; supraspinatus becomes_____ rotator

A

internal

45
Q

infraspinatus and teres minor functions

A

lateral rotation; some abduction

46
Q

all lateral rotators

A

infraspinatus; teres minor; posterior deltoid

47
Q

when does subscapularis have longest moment arm for humeral internal rotation?

A

arm in abduction or flexion

48
Q

how to isolate subscapularis?

A

work in end range internal rotation with shoulder in abduction

49
Q

empty can vs. full can

A

shorter moment arm with empty can so higher forces are needed; reduced subaromial space; full can often better/less painful for patients

50
Q

all medial rotators

A

subscap(** best control); teres major; lats; pec major; anterior deltoid

51
Q

key active muscles during push up off wall

A

serratus anterior; traps and rhomboids; pec major; triceps; rotator cuff

52
Q

elbow capsular pattern

A

flexion loss greater than extension loss

53
Q

elbow closed packed position

A

ulnohumeral extension; radiohumeral flexion; proximal radioulnar supination

54
Q

radial head oblique shape

A

larger diameter anterior to posterior

55
Q

ligament most important for valgus stability

A

anterior MCL

56
Q

pronation rom

A

75 deg

57
Q

supination ROM

A

85 deg

58
Q

screw home mechanism of elbow

A

pronation and flexion increases contact of radius on capitulum; ulnar structures compressed at wrist

59
Q

axis of proximal RU joint movement

A

head of radius to head of ulna; motion rolling without sliding

60
Q

oblique cord

A

taut with supination

61
Q

distal RU joint closed packed position

A

neutral to 5deg supination

62
Q

DRUJ articular surfaces

A

ulna convex; radius concave

63
Q

axis for forearm rotation

A

through 3rd metacarpal

64
Q

position where elbow flexors produce max torque

A

90deg

65
Q

during elbow flexion the _______ extends shoulder acting as synergist to allow biceps to function at optimal length

A

posterior deltoid

66
Q

best position for elbow extension

A

20-30 deg flexion

Z Sem 2 Kines Shoulder/Elbow (2 decks)

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