Shoulder Complex and Brachial Muscles Flashcards
What is the proximal attachment of the trapezius?
External Occipital Protuberance
Superior Nuchal Line
Ligamentum Nuchae
Spinous process; CV7, TV1-12
What is the distal attachment of the trapezius?
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Acromion and crest of scapular spine
Tubercle of scapular spine
What innervates the trapezius?
CN XI (accessory nerve)
Ventral Rami C3-C4
What is the blood supply of the trapezius?
Dorsal Scapular Artery
What are the actions of the trapezius?
Elevates, depresses scapula, adducts, and upwardly rotates
What is the proximal attachment of lattisimus dorsi?
Spines of TV7-12
Lumbar/sacral vertebrae via thoracolumar fascia
Posterior iliac crest
Ribs 9-12
What is the distal attachment of the lattisimus dorsi?
Floor of intertubercular (bicipital) groove
What are the actions of the lattisimus dorsi?
Extends, adducts, and internally rotates humerus
What innervates the lattisimus dorsi?
Thoracodorsal nerve
What is the blood supply for the lattisimus dorsi?
Subscapular artery via the the throacodorsal artery
What is the proximal attachment for the levator scapulae?
Transverse process of CV1-4
What is the distal attachment for the levator scapulae?
Medial border of scapula at and above the spine
What are the actions of the levator scapulae?
Elevates scapula at superior angle
Assists in external/downward rotation
What innervates the levator scapulae?
C3-C5 (Dorsalscapular Nerve for C5)
What is the blood supply for the levator scapulae?
Dorsal scapular artery
What is the proximal attachment for the rhomboids?
Ligementum nuchae
Spines of CV7, TV1-4
What is the distal attachment of the rhomboids?
Medial border of scapula from spine to the inferior angle
What are the actions of the rhomboids?
Adducts scapula
External/downward rotation of glenoid fossa
Fixes scapula to thoracic wall
What innervates the rhomboids?
Dorsal scapular nerve
What is the blood supply of the rhomboids?
Dorsal scapular artery
What is the proximal attachment of the teres major?
Posterior inferior angle of scapula
What is the distal attachment of the teres major?
Medial lip of intertubercular (bicipital) groove
What are the action of the teres major?
Adducts and medically rotates the humerus
What innervates the teres major?
Lower subscapular nerve
What is the blood supply of the teres major?
Circumflex scapular artery
What is the proximal attachment of the teres minor?
Middle of the lateral border of the scapula
What is the distal attachment of the teres minor?
Inferior facet of the greater tubercle
What are the actions of the teres minor?
Laterally rotates humerus
Fixes head of humerus
What innervates the teres minor?
Axillary nerve
What is the blood supply of the teres minor?
Circumflex scapular artery
What is the proximal attachment of subclavius?
Junction of 1st rib and costal cartilage
What is the distal attachment of the subclavius?
Inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle
What are the actions of the subclavius?
Anchors/depresses scapula
What innervates the subclavius?
Nerve to subclavius
What is the blood supply of the subclavius?
Subclavian artery
What is the proximal attachment of the pectoralis major?
Anteromedical surface of clavicle
Anterior manubrium and sternum
Costal cartilage 2-6
Aponeurosis of external obliques
What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis major?
Lateral lip of intertubercular (bicipital) groove
What are the actions of pectoralis major?
Adducts and medially rotates humerus
Flexes arm
Extends arm from flexed position
Draws scapular anteriorly and inferiorly
What innervates the pectoralis major?
Lateral and medial pectoral nerves
What is the blood supply of the pectoralis major?
Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery
What is the proximal attachment of the pectoralis minor?
Ribs 3-5
What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis minor?
Coracoid process
What are the actions of the pectoralis minor?
Draws scapula inferiorly against thoracic wall (stabilizes)
What innervates the pectoralis minor?
Medial pectoral nerve
What is the blood supply of the pectoralis minor?
Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery
What is the proximal attachment of the serratus anterior?
External lateral parts of ribs 1-8(9)
What is the distal attachment of the serratus anterior?
Anterior medial surface of scapula
What are the actions of the serratus anterior?
Rotates, protracts, and fixes scapula to thoracic wall
What innervates the serratus anterior?
Long thoracic nerve
What is the blood supply of the serratus anterior?
Lateral thoracic artery
What is the proximal attachment of the biceps brachii?
Supraglenoid tubercle (long head)
Coracoid process of scapula (short head)
What is the distal attachment biceps brachii?
Posterior border of bicipital tuberosity of the radius
Bicipital aponeurosis
What are the actions of the biceps brachii?
Supinate forearm
Flexes elbow
Assist in humeral flexion
What innervates the biceps brachii?
Musculocutaneous nerve
What is the blood supply of the biceps brachii?
Muscular branch of brachial artery
What is the proximal attachment of triceps brachii?
Infraglenoid tubercle (long head)
Upper posterior humerus (lateral head)
Lower posterior part of humerus, inferomedial to radial groove (medial head)
What is the distal attachment of the triceps brachii?
Posterior upper surface of olecranon process.
What are the actions of the triceps brachii?
Extends elbow
Stabilizes shoulder
What innervates the triceps brachii?
Radial nerve
What is the blood supply of the triceps brachii?
Deep brachial artery
What is the proximal attachment of brachialis?
Anterior lower half of humerus
What is the distal attachment of the brachialis?
Coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity
What innervates the brachialis?
Musculocutaneous nerve and radial nerve
What is the blood supply of the brachialis?
Muscular branch of brachial artery
Radial recurrent artery
What are the actions of the brachialis?
Flexes elbow
What is the proximal attachment of the deltoid?
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Acromion
Scapular spine
What is the distal attachment of the deltoid?
Deltoid tuberosity (humerus)
What are the actions of the deltoid?
Flexes, extends, medially rotates, laterally rotates, and abducts
What innervates the deltoid?
Axillary nerve
What is the blood supply of the deltoid?
Deltoid branch of the thoracoacromial artery
What is the proximal attachment of the coracobrachialis?
Coracoid process
What is the distal attachment of the coracobrachialis?
Middle 3rd of the medial surface of the humerus
What are the actions of the coracobrachialis?
Assists in flexion and adduction of humerus
What innervates the coracobrachialis?
Musculocutaneous nerve
What is the blood supply of the coracobrachialis?
Muscular branch of the brachial artery
What is the proximal attachment of the supraspinatus?
Supraspinous fossa
What is the distal attachment of the supraspinatus?
Superior facet of the greater tubercle
What are the actions of the supraspinatus?
Assists deltoid in adbuction of humerus
Stabilizes shoulder joint
What is the innervation of the supraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve
What is the blood supply for the supraspinatus?
Suprascapular artery
Proximal attachment of infraspinatus?
Infrospinous fossa
What is the distal attachment of infraspinatus?
Middle facet of greater tubercle
What innervates the infraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve
What is the action of the infraspinatus?
Laterally rotates humerus
Stabilizes head of humerus
What is the blood supply to infraspinatus?
Suprascapular artery
What is the proximal attachment of subscapularis?
Subscapular fossa
What is the distal attachment of the subscapularis?
Lesser tubercle
What are the actions of the subscapularis?
Medially rotates and adducts humerus
Stabilizes head of humerus
What is the innervation of the subscapularis?
Upper and lower subscapular nerves
What is the blood supply to the subscapularis?
Suprascapular artery
What is the proximal attachment of the anconeus?
Posterior lateral epicondyle of humerus
What is the distal attachment of the anconeus?
Lateral olecranon and superior, posterior ulna
What innervates the anconeus?
Radial nerve
What are the actions of the anconeus?
Abducts ulna during pronation
Assists in flexion