Shoulder complex

Question 1

what are the axiohumeral muscles?

Answer 1

pectoral is major
latissimus dorsi

Question 2

Pectoralis major (sternocostal head)

Answer 2

proximal attachment: sternum and 1st to 7th costal cartilages
distal attachment: lateral lip intertubercular sulcus of humerus
innervation: median and lateral pectoral nerves
action: extension, medial rotation, horizontal F

Question 3

latissimus dorsi

Answer 3

proximal attachment: t7-12, lumbar and sacral spinous processes, posterior iliac crest, lower 3 ribs
distal attachment: inter-tubercular sulcus
innervation: thoracodorsal N c6-8
action: extension, adduction, medial rotation

Question 4

pectoralis major clavicular head

Answer 4

proximal attachment: medial 2/3 clavicle
distal attachment: lateral lip intertubercle sulcus of humerus
innervation: medial and lateral pectoral nerves
action: F, medial rotation, horizontal F

Question 5

What are the scapulohumeral muscles?

Answer 5

Deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, teres major, coracobrachialis

Question 6

Deltoid

Answer 6

proximal attachment: A = lateral 1/3 clavicle; M = acromion; P = spine of scapula
distal attachment = deltoid tuberosity
innervation = axillary N C5-C6
Action: A = F/ABD/hori F; M = ABD (F); P=E/hori E/ ADD

Question 7

supraspinatus

Answer 7

proximal = supraspinous fossa of scapula
distal = greater tubercle of humerus
innervtion = suprascpaular N C5-6
action = GHJ abd and stabilisation

Question 8

infraspinatus

Answer 8

proximal = Infraspinous fossa of scapula
distal = Greater tubercle of humerus
innervation = suprascapular n. c5,6
action = GHJ lateral rotation &
stabilisation

Question 9

Subscapularis

Answer 9

proximal = Subscapular fossa
distal = lesser tubercle of humerus
innervation = upper & lower
subscapular N C5,6,7
action = GHJ medial rotation &
stabilisation

Question 10

teres minor

Answer 10

proximal = Lateral dorsal
scapula
distal = greater tubercle
innervation = axillary N c5,6
action = GHJ lateral rotation &
stabilisation

Question 11

teres major

Answer 11

proximal = Dorsal inferior
angle of scapula
distal = Medial lip
intertubercular
sulcus of humerus
innervation = lower subscapular N c5,6,7
action = GHJ medial rot’n, ADD,
E

Question 12

corachobrachialis

Answer 12

proximal = coracoid process
distal = medial midshaft humerus
innervation = musculotaneous n. C5,6,7
action = GHJ F, ADD

Question 13

What are the axioscapular and axioclavicular muscles?

Answer 13

sternocladiomastoid, trapezius
subclavius, levator scapulae, rhomboids, serratus anterior, pectoralis minor

Question 14

trapzius

Answer 14

trapezius
upper = Medial superior nuchal
line & ligamentum
nuchae + Posterior border of
lateral clavicle. Action = Clavicular elevation;
scapular elev, Add,
upward rotation

middle = C7& T1 spinous
processes + Acromion & spine of
scapula. Action = Scapular
retraction/adduction

lower = T1-T12 spinous processes + Tubercle of spine of scapula. Action = Scapular depression &
upward rotation

innervation of all = accessory nerve

Question 15

subclavius

Answer 15

proximal = 1st rib
distal = inferior middle third of clavicle
innervation = nerve to subclavius
actions = pulls clavicle medially
to stabilise SC joint

Question 16

levator scapulae

Answer 16

proximal = C1-4 transverse processes
distal = medial border scapula
(above medial spine of
scapula)
innervation = C3,4 ventral rami
+ Dorsal scapular
N C5
action = Scapular elevation,
adduction & downward
rotation

Question 17

rhomboid minor

Answer 17

proximal = Ligamentum nuchae, C7
& T1
distal = medial border scapula
(medial to spine of
scapula)
innervation = dorsal scapular n c5
action = Scapular elevation,
adduction & downward
rotation

Question 18

rhomboid major

Answer 18

proximal = T2-5 spinous processes
distal = medial border scapula
(below spine of
scapula)
innervation = dorsal scapular n c5
action = Scapular elevation,
adduction & downward
rotation

Question 19

serratus anterior

Answer 19

proximal = anterolateral ribs 1 to 9
distal = Medial, ventral border
of scapula
innervation = long thoracic c5,6,7
action = scapular protraction, abd, upward rotation

Question 20

pec minor

Answer 20

proximal = anterior ribs 3-5
distal coracoid process
innervation = medial and lateral pectoral nerves
action = scapular anterior tilt

Question 21

what spinous level does musculataneous nerve arise from

Answer 21

C5,6

Question 22

what spinal level does median nerve arise from

Answer 22

C5,6 + C8-T1

Question 23

what spinal level does radial nerve arise from

Answer 23

C7

Question 24

what spinal level does ulanr nerve arise from

Answer 24

C8-T1